OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological behavior, differentiation ability, and differential gene expression of lymph node mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH), providing a theoretical basis for clinical chemotherapy resistance. METHODS: Lymph node MSCs from patients with DLBCL and RLH were separated, passaged and cultured. The cell morphology and growth status were observed. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the immune phenotype of MSCs. The in vitro directed differentiation ability of the two types of MSCs was observed. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the differential gene expression and enrichment of two groups of MSCs. RESULTS: The lymph node MSCs of patients with DLBCL and RLH had similar cell morphology and growth characteristics, and both groups of MSCs expressed CD90, CD105, and CD73 on the cell surface. Compared with lymph node MSCs derived from patients with RLH, lymph node MSCs derived from DLBCL patients showed stronger osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation abilities. High-throughput sequencing results displayed that lymph node MSCs derived from DLBCL patients significantly upregulated some genes such as TOP2A, LFNG, GRIA3, SEC14L2, SPON2, AURKA, LRRC15, FOXD1, HOXC9, CDC20 and remarkably downregulated some genes such as TBC1D8, LDLR, PCDHAC2, POLH, PKP2, ANKRD37, DMKN, HSD11B1, ARHGAP20, PTGS1,etc. CONCLUSION Lymph node MSCs in DLBCL patients exhibit unique biological behavior and gene expression profiles, which may be closely related to clinical chemotherapy resistance.
Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology* ; Cell Differentiation ; Lymph Nodes/pathology* ; Pseudolymphoma/pathology*

Ovulatory dysfunction (OD) is one of the main causes of infertility in women of childbearing age, which not only affects their reproductive ability, but also physical and mental health. Traditional treatment strategies have limited efficacies, and the emergence of biomedicines provides a promising alternative solution via the strategies of combining engineered design with modern advanced technology. This review explores the pathophysiological characteristics and related induction mechanisms of OD, and evaluates the current cutting-edge advances in its treatments. It emphasizes the potentials of biomedicines strategies such as hydrogels, nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles in improving therapeutic precision and efficacy. By mimicking natural physiological processes, and achieving controlled drug release, these advanced drug carriers are expected to address the challenges in ovarian microenvironment reprogramming, tissue repair, and metabolic and immune regulation. Despite the promising progress, there are still challenges in terms of biomedical complexity, differences between animal models and human physiology, and the demand for intelligent drug carriers in the therapy of OD. Future researches are mainly dedicated to developing precise personalized biomedicines in OD therapy through interdisciplinary collaboration, promoting the development of reproductive regenerative medicine.

Objective To propose an EBT3 film technology-based quality control measurement method for the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment to solve the problems of the traditional methods in cumbersome operation and setup error.Methods According to HJ 1198-2021 Requirements of radiation safety and protection for radiotherapy and GBZ 121-2020 Requirements for radiological protection in radiotherapy,the environmental radiation testing of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment was carried out point by point by means of the radiation inspection instrument.The INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment was characterized by a point X-ray source(XRS),and the XRS was detected in terms of the probe linearity,radiation dose,dynamic deviation,isotropy and dose rate.The EBT3 film technology was used to verify the symmetry and isotropy of the XRS planar dose of INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment.Results The X-γ dose equivalent rate of each monitoring site of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy device was lower than the method detection limit(MDL).The results of SQA quality control showed that the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment XRS met the quality control requirements in terms of the probe linearity,radiation dose,dynamic deviation and etc,and the isotropy differences in the+X,-X,+Y,and-Y axis directions ranged from-1.40％to 1.79％,which were all within the allowable range of measurement tolerance(5.60％to 5.65％).The results of measuring the isotropy of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment based on the EBT3 film technology showed that the dose distribution of the XRS in the directions of the+X,-X,+Y,and-Y axes at the same plane was well isotropic,and that the doses in the directions of the X and Y axes were symmetrically distributed,and that the maximum skewness value for the isotropy of the XRS in the XY plane was-1.581％,which met the requirements of AAPM TG61 report on the reference dosimetry of low-energy and medium-energy X-rays for radiotherapy and radiobiology of≤±5.3％.Conclusion The EBT3 film technology-based measurement method gains high simplicity and feasibility for the isotropy of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment in the directions of the+X,-X,+Y,and-Y axes at the same planet,which realizes the dynamic monitoring of the dosimetric changes and facilitates the whole-process quality control management of the intraoperative radiotherapy equipment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):47-53]

Postoperative infection of internal fixation of closed fractures the lower limbs in adults represents a devastating complication, characterized by diagnostic challenges, prolonged treatment duration and high disability rates. Current management of these infections faces multiple challenges, such as difficulties in early accurate diagnosis, and various controversies about the treatment plan, leading to poor overall diagnosis and treatment results. To address these issues, based on evidence-based medicine and principles with emphasis on scientific rigor, clinical applicability and innovation, the Trauma Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Trauma Orthopedics and Polytrauma Group of the Resuscitation and Emergency Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association have collaboratively organized a panel of relevant experts to develop the Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of infection after internal fixation of closed lower limb fractures in adults ( version 2025). The guideline proposed 10 recommendations, aiming to provide a foundation for standardized diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infection in adults with closed lower limb fractures.

Objective To investigate the influence of helical tomographic radiotherapy plans with different combinations of lead gate width,pitch and algorithms on threading effects.Methods A target model was established with a Cheese Phantom used as the simulated human body,then three lead gate widths(1.0,2.5,and 5.0 cm),six screw pitches(0.143,0.172,0.215,0.287,0.430,and 0.500)and two computational grids(Fine algorithm and Normal algorithm)were respectively combined for designing the helical tomography radiotherapy plans.The radiotherapy plans with a pitch of 0.143,0.172,0.215,0.287 or 0.430 were enrolled into an experimental group,and the plans with a pitch of 0.500 were divided into a control group.The dosimetric parameters including maximum dose(Dmax),minimum dose(Dmin)and mean dose(Dmean)of the target area PTV1 and PTV2 were evaluated by the dose volume histogram(DVH).The dose homogeneity index(HI)of the target area was calculated,and the single rotation time and total treatment time of each plan were recorded and counted.SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results No significant threading effect appeared regardless of the pitch value when the lead gate width was 1.0 cm.The threading effects in the experimental group were weaker than those in the control group when the lead gate width was 2.5 or 5.0 cm.The threading effect gradually rose with the pitch increased when the lead gate width was 5.0 cm.The most significant difference was found between the threading effect in case of the screw pitch being 0.500 and that with the screw pitch being 0.143,with the differenes being statistically obvious(P<0.05).The lead gate width had significant effects on the Dmax,Dmin,Dmean and HI of PTV1 and PTV2.When the lead gate width was 5.0 cm,high HI value and uneven dose distribution were detected and lowered screw pitch weakened the threading effect.The single rotation time first remained constant and then increased with the screw pitch was enlarged,with the changing points occurring in case of the screw pitches of 0.287 and 0.430.With a certain lead gate width,the treatment time for plans was shortened with the decrease of the pitches in case of the pritches lower than 0.287,and tended to be constant after the screw pitches reached 0.287.The changes of the computational grid had no significant effects on the results of radiotherapy plans when the lead gate width and screw pitch were kept constant.Conclusion When designing a spiral tomotherapy plan with conventional doses,a lead gate width of 1.0 or 2.5 cm and a screw pitch of 0.287 or 0.430 should be selected in order to minimize the threading effect while ensuring the efficiency of plan implementation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):58-66]

Objective To investigate the value of repeat renal biopsy in the treatment and prognosis of nephrotic syndrome(NS)and acute kidney injury(AKI)following immunosuppressive therapy in patients with lupus nephritis(LN). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for the clinicopathological data and follow-up records of LN patients undergoing repeat renal biopsy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1,2009 to December 31,2021. Results A total of 76 patients(55 females,72.4%)were included in this study,with the mean age at the first biopsy being(29.0±10.4)years,the median inter-biopsy interval of 4.0(2.0,7.0) years,and the median total follow-up duration of 7.5(5.0,13.8)years.Pathological transformation occurred in 46(60.5%)patients,and 2 patients had comorbid diabetic nephropathy.At repeat renal biopsy,50(65.8%) patients presented NS.These patients demonstrated lower estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)(P<0.001),higher chronicity index(CI)(P=0.029),and higher complement C3(P<0.001)and C4(P<0.001)levels than those with NS at the first renal biopsy(n=50).Among the 28(36.8%) patients with AKI at repeat renal biopsy,8(28.6%)experienced acute exacerbation of chronic renal insufficiency.These patients exhibited higher serum creatinine level(P=0.002),C4 level(P=0.033),CI(P=0.042),and prevalence of thrombotic microangiopathy(P=0.046)than the patients showing AKI at the first renal biopsy(n=16),while the activity index(AI)showed no significant difference(P=0.051).Over 50% of NS and AKI patients underwent treatment modifications post-repeat renal biopsy,with clinical remission rates comparable to those after the first renal biopsy(both P>0.05).Elevated CI(≥5,P=0.001)and serum creatinine(≥140 μmol/L,P<0.001)at repeat renal biopsy were identified as independent risk factors for poor prognosis.The patients with AKI at repeat renal biopsy had higher incidence of endpoint events than the non-AKI patients(P=0.015).Neither AKI at the first renal biopsy nor NS at both biopsies had significant associations with prognosis. Conclusions Repeat renal biopsy reveals not only sustained high disease activity but also accelerates chronic progression in LN patients,which underscore its critical role in guiding the therapy for severe LN post-immunosuppression.AKI,CI≥5,and serum creatinine ≥140 μmol/L at repeat renal biopsy are strongly associated with poor prognosis.
Humans ; Lupus Nephritis/drug therapy* ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Male ; Prognosis ; Biopsy ; Kidney/pathology* ; Acute Kidney Injury/pathology* ; Nephrotic Syndrome/pathology* ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Young Adult ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use* ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate how miR-30b regulates mitophagy independently of the PINK1/Parkin pathway by targeting ubiquitin specific peptidase 14(USP14)in neuronal oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)injury,and to provide new insights for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Methods Fetal rat cortical neurons were isolated and an OGD/R model was established.Experiments were conducted in two parts.In part 1,cells were randomized into control,OGD/R,OGD/R+microRNA(miR)-negative control(NC),OGD/R+miR-30b mimic,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-NC,and OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-USP14 groups.In part 2,cells were randomized into control,OGD/R,OGD/R+miR-NC,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-NC,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Parkin,and OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Drp1(dynamin-related protein 1)groups.miR-30b and USP14 mRNA levels were measured by real-time quantitative PCR.Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay and cell death by propidium iodide staining.Protein levels of USP14,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20(TOMM20),PINK1,Parkin,and Drp1 were determined by Western blot.MitoTracker Green staining was used to evaluate mitochondrial morphology,and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)were measured using the MitoSOX Red probe.AGO2-RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate the targeting relationship between miR-30b and USP14.Results Compared with the OGD/R group,the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic group showed higher cell viability,miR-30b expression,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio,and Drp1 protein expression(P<0.05),and lower PI positivity,mitochondrial ROS,USP14 mRNA and protein expression,TOMM20 protein expression,mitochondrial fragmentation index,and mitochondrial volume(P<0.05).PINK1 and Parkin protein levels did not differ significantly between these two groups(P>0.05).Compared with the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-NC group,the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-USP14 group exhibited reduced cell viability,miR-30b expression,and LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio(P<0.05),and increased PI positivity,mitochondrial ROS,USP14 mRNA and protein expression,TOMM20 protein expression,mitochondrial fragmentation index,and mitochondrial volume(P<0.05).miR-30b was confirmed to target USP14.In addition,no significant differences were observed between the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-NC and OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Parkin groups in LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio,fragmentation index,or average mitochondrial volume(P>0.05).Compared with the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-NC group,the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Drp1 group showed a decreased LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio and increased fragmentation index and average mitochondrial volume(P<0.05).Conclusions miR-30b regulates mitophagy by targeting USP14 independently of the PINK1/Parkin pathway,and confers protection against neuronal OGD/R injury.

Objective To investigate the influence of helical tomographic radiotherapy plans with different combinations of lead gate width,pitch and algorithms on threading effects.Methods A target model was established with a Cheese Phantom used as the simulated human body,then three lead gate widths(1.0,2.5,and 5.0 cm),six screw pitches(0.143,0.172,0.215,0.287,0.430,and 0.500)and two computational grids(Fine algorithm and Normal algorithm)were respectively combined for designing the helical tomography radiotherapy plans.The radiotherapy plans with a pitch of 0.143,0.172,0.215,0.287 or 0.430 were enrolled into an experimental group,and the plans with a pitch of 0.500 were divided into a control group.The dosimetric parameters including maximum dose(Dmax),minimum dose(Dmin)and mean dose(Dmean)of the target area PTV1 and PTV2 were evaluated by the dose volume histogram(DVH).The dose homogeneity index(HI)of the target area was calculated,and the single rotation time and total treatment time of each plan were recorded and counted.SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results No significant threading effect appeared regardless of the pitch value when the lead gate width was 1.0 cm.The threading effects in the experimental group were weaker than those in the control group when the lead gate width was 2.5 or 5.0 cm.The threading effect gradually rose with the pitch increased when the lead gate width was 5.0 cm.The most significant difference was found between the threading effect in case of the screw pitch being 0.500 and that with the screw pitch being 0.143,with the differenes being statistically obvious(P<0.05).The lead gate width had significant effects on the Dmax,Dmin,Dmean and HI of PTV1 and PTV2.When the lead gate width was 5.0 cm,high HI value and uneven dose distribution were detected and lowered screw pitch weakened the threading effect.The single rotation time first remained constant and then increased with the screw pitch was enlarged,with the changing points occurring in case of the screw pitches of 0.287 and 0.430.With a certain lead gate width,the treatment time for plans was shortened with the decrease of the pitches in case of the pritches lower than 0.287,and tended to be constant after the screw pitches reached 0.287.The changes of the computational grid had no significant effects on the results of radiotherapy plans when the lead gate width and screw pitch were kept constant.Conclusion When designing a spiral tomotherapy plan with conventional doses,a lead gate width of 1.0 or 2.5 cm and a screw pitch of 0.287 or 0.430 should be selected in order to minimize the threading effect while ensuring the efficiency of plan implementation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):58-66]

Objective To propose an EBT3 film technology-based quality control measurement method for the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment to solve the problems of the traditional methods in cumbersome operation and setup error.Methods According to HJ 1198-2021 Requirements of radiation safety and protection for radiotherapy and GBZ 121-2020 Requirements for radiological protection in radiotherapy,the environmental radiation testing of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment was carried out point by point by means of the radiation inspection instrument.The INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment was characterized by a point X-ray source(XRS),and the XRS was detected in terms of the probe linearity,radiation dose,dynamic deviation,isotropy and dose rate.The EBT3 film technology was used to verify the symmetry and isotropy of the XRS planar dose of INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment.Results The X-γ dose equivalent rate of each monitoring site of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy device was lower than the method detection limit(MDL).The results of SQA quality control showed that the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment XRS met the quality control requirements in terms of the probe linearity,radiation dose,dynamic deviation and etc,and the isotropy differences in the+X,-X,+Y,and-Y axis directions ranged from-1.40％to 1.79％,which were all within the allowable range of measurement tolerance(5.60％to 5.65％).The results of measuring the isotropy of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment based on the EBT3 film technology showed that the dose distribution of the XRS in the directions of the+X,-X,+Y,and-Y axes at the same plane was well isotropic,and that the doses in the directions of the X and Y axes were symmetrically distributed,and that the maximum skewness value for the isotropy of the XRS in the XY plane was-1.581％,which met the requirements of AAPM TG61 report on the reference dosimetry of low-energy and medium-energy X-rays for radiotherapy and radiobiology of≤±5.3％.Conclusion The EBT3 film technology-based measurement method gains high simplicity and feasibility for the isotropy of the INTRABEAM PRS500 intraoperative radiotherapy equipment in the directions of the+X,-X,+Y,and-Y axes at the same planet,which realizes the dynamic monitoring of the dosimetric changes and facilitates the whole-process quality control management of the intraoperative radiotherapy equipment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):47-53]

Objective To investigate how miR-30b regulates mitophagy independently of the PINK1/Parkin pathway by targeting ubiquitin specific peptidase 14(USP14)in neuronal oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)injury,and to provide new insights for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Methods Fetal rat cortical neurons were isolated and an OGD/R model was established.Experiments were conducted in two parts.In part 1,cells were randomized into control,OGD/R,OGD/R+microRNA(miR)-negative control(NC),OGD/R+miR-30b mimic,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-NC,and OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-USP14 groups.In part 2,cells were randomized into control,OGD/R,OGD/R+miR-NC,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-NC,OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Parkin,and OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Drp1(dynamin-related protein 1)groups.miR-30b and USP14 mRNA levels were measured by real-time quantitative PCR.Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay and cell death by propidium iodide staining.Protein levels of USP14,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20(TOMM20),PINK1,Parkin,and Drp1 were determined by Western blot.MitoTracker Green staining was used to evaluate mitochondrial morphology,and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)were measured using the MitoSOX Red probe.AGO2-RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate the targeting relationship between miR-30b and USP14.Results Compared with the OGD/R group,the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic group showed higher cell viability,miR-30b expression,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio,and Drp1 protein expression(P<0.05),and lower PI positivity,mitochondrial ROS,USP14 mRNA and protein expression,TOMM20 protein expression,mitochondrial fragmentation index,and mitochondrial volume(P<0.05).PINK1 and Parkin protein levels did not differ significantly between these two groups(P>0.05).Compared with the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-NC group,the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+oe-USP14 group exhibited reduced cell viability,miR-30b expression,and LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio(P<0.05),and increased PI positivity,mitochondrial ROS,USP14 mRNA and protein expression,TOMM20 protein expression,mitochondrial fragmentation index,and mitochondrial volume(P<0.05).miR-30b was confirmed to target USP14.In addition,no significant differences were observed between the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-NC and OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Parkin groups in LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio,fragmentation index,or average mitochondrial volume(P>0.05).Compared with the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-NC group,the OGD/R+miR-30b mimic+si-Drp1 group showed a decreased LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio and increased fragmentation index and average mitochondrial volume(P<0.05).Conclusions miR-30b regulates mitophagy by targeting USP14 independently of the PINK1/Parkin pathway,and confers protection against neuronal OGD/R injury.