Microbial detection and control of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) decoction pieces are crucial for the quality control of TCM preparations. It is also a key area of research in the measurement technology and equipment development for TCM manufacturing. Guided by TCM manufacturing measurement methodologies, this study presented a design of a novel portable microbial detection device, using Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma decoction pieces as a demonstration. Immunomagnetic separation technology was employed for specific isolation and labeling of target microorganisms. Enzymatic signal amplification was utilized to convert weak biological signals into colorimetric signals, constructing an optical biosensor. A self-developed smartphone APP was further applied to analyze the colorimetric signals and quantify target concentrations. A portable and automated detection system based on Arduino microcontroller was developed to automatically perform target microbial separation/extraction, as well as mimetic enzyme labeling and catalytic reactions. The developed equipment specifically focuses on the rapid and quantitative microbial analysis of TCM active pharmaceutical ingredients, intermediates in TCM manufacturing, and final TCM products. Experimental results demonstrate that the equipment could detect Salmonella in samples within 2 h, with a detection limit as low as 5.1 × 10~3 CFU·mL~(-1). The equipment enables the rapid detection of microorganisms in TCM decoction pieces, providing a potential technical solution for on-site rapid screening of microbial contamination indicators in TCM. It has broad application prospects in measurement technology for TCM manufacturing and offers strong technical support for the modernization, industrialization, and intelligent development of TCM.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis* ; Atractylodes/microbiology* ; Rhizome/microbiology* ; Biosensing Techniques/methods* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Colorimetry/instrumentation* ; Quality Control

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of CD5L targeted therapy on a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).Methods:The CIA rat model was established and treated with anti-CD5L antibody. The clinical arthritis score and tissue swelling degree of rats were evaluated. Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the isotype control group and the CD5L antibody group. HE staining and safranin fast green staining were used to observe the synovial inflammation and cartilage erosion in the ankle joint of CIA rats. Micro-CT was used to scan the feet of CIA rats to detect bone mineral density and bone destruction. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All experimental data conforming to normal distribution were compared between groups by one-way ANOVA, and Dunnet t test was used to compare the two groups. Results:CD5L antibody improved joint swelling and deformity in CIA rats. The statistics of arthritis scores in rats showed that there was a statistically significant difference in arthritis scores between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats from Day 23[Day 23 (6.6±0.5) vs. (8.2±0.7), t=-7.07, P<0.05; Day 26 (7.0±0.6) vs. (8.4±0.5), t=-7.59, P<0.05; Day 29 (7.6±0.4) vs. (9.4±0.8), t=-6.96, P<0.05; Day 32 (7.8±0.5) vs.(9.6±1.1), t=-6.50, P<0.05; Day 35 (8.2±0.7) vs. (10.4±0.7), t=-5.88, P<0.05]. The HE staining results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the HE staining score between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats [(2.5±0.6) vs. (5.0±0.8), t=-6.73, P<0.05]. The results of safranin fixation green staining showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the safranin fixation green staining score between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats [(1.8±0.8) vs. (3.5±0.6), t=-5.22, P<0.05]. The Micro-CT imaging results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in bone mineral density between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats [(5 618±128)g/cm 3vs. (5 202±39)g/cm 3, t=8.06, P<0.01]. The ELISA results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum of rats between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group [TNF-α: (164±22)pg/ml vs. (213±17)pg/ml, t=5.05, P<0.05; IL-6: (186±17)pg/ml vs. (230.7±25.3)pg/ml, t=4.78, P<0.05; IL-8: (384±21)pg/ml vs. (456±44)pg/ml, t=-5.21, P<0.05]. Conclusion:Targeting CD5L can effectively alleviate synovial inflammation and bone destruction in CIA rats. CD5L may be used as a potential therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of CD5L targeted therapy on a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).Methods:The CIA rat model was established and treated with anti-CD5L antibody. The clinical arthritis score and tissue swelling degree of rats were evaluated. Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the isotype control group and the CD5L antibody group. HE staining and safranin fast green staining were used to observe the synovial inflammation and cartilage erosion in the ankle joint of CIA rats. Micro-CT was used to scan the feet of CIA rats to detect bone mineral density and bone destruction. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All experimental data conforming to normal distribution were compared between groups by one-way ANOVA, and Dunnet t test was used to compare the two groups. Results:CD5L antibody improved joint swelling and deformity in CIA rats. The statistics of arthritis scores in rats showed that there was a statistically significant difference in arthritis scores between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats from Day 23[Day 23 (6.6±0.5) vs. (8.2±0.7), t=-7.07, P<0.05; Day 26 (7.0±0.6) vs. (8.4±0.5), t=-7.59, P<0.05; Day 29 (7.6±0.4) vs. (9.4±0.8), t=-6.96, P<0.05; Day 32 (7.8±0.5) vs.(9.6±1.1), t=-6.50, P<0.05; Day 35 (8.2±0.7) vs. (10.4±0.7), t=-5.88, P<0.05]. The HE staining results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the HE staining score between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats [(2.5±0.6) vs. (5.0±0.8), t=-6.73, P<0.05]. The results of safranin fixation green staining showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the safranin fixation green staining score between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats [(1.8±0.8) vs. (3.5±0.6), t=-5.22, P<0.05]. The Micro-CT imaging results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in bone mineral density between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group of rats [(5 618±128)g/cm 3vs. (5 202±39)g/cm 3, t=8.06, P<0.01]. The ELISA results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum of rats between the CD5L antibody group and the isotype antibody group [TNF-α: (164±22)pg/ml vs. (213±17)pg/ml, t=5.05, P<0.05; IL-6: (186±17)pg/ml vs. (230.7±25.3)pg/ml, t=4.78, P<0.05; IL-8: (384±21)pg/ml vs. (456±44)pg/ml, t=-5.21, P<0.05]. Conclusion:Targeting CD5L can effectively alleviate synovial inflammation and bone destruction in CIA rats. CD5L may be used as a potential therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis.

The comparison between traditional Chinese medicine Jinzhen oral liquid (JZOL) and Western medicine in treating children with acute bronchitis (AB) showed encouraging outcomes. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the JZOL for improving cough and expectoration in children with AB. 480 children were randomly assigned to take JZOL or ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution for 7 days. The primary outcome was time-to-cough resolution. The median time-to-cough resolution in both groups was 5.0 days and the antitussive onset median time was only 1 day. This randomized controlled trial showed that JZOL was not inferior to cough suppressant and phlegm resolving western medicine in treating cough and sputum and could comprehensively treat respiratory and systemic discomfort symptoms. Combined with clinical trials, the mechanism of JZOL against AB was uncovered by network target analysis, it was found that the pathways in TRP channels like IL-1β/IL1R/TRPV1/TRPA1, NGF/TrkA/TRPV1/TRPA1, and PGE2/EP/PKA/TRPV1/TRPA1 might play important roles. Animal experiments further confirmed that inflammation and the immune regulatory effect of JZOL in the treatment of AB were of vital importance and TRP channels were the key mechanism of action.

Objective To construct a non-drug intervention program for acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer and to evaluate its efficacy.Methods Through literature review and Delphi expert correspondence,a non-drug intervention program for acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer was constructed.By the convenience sampling method,200 consecutive children who received chemotherapy in the neurosurgery department of a tertiary children's hospital in Zhejiang province from February 1 to October 31,2023 were included as the application subjects,with 100 cases in an experimental group and 100 cases in a control group.The experimental group applied the non-drug intervention program of acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer,and the routine measures were applied in the control group.The incidence of nausea and vomiting,severity of vomiting,compliance rate of normal sleep duration and incidence of negative emotions were compared between the 2 groups.Results The recovery rate of the valid questionnaire in 2 rounds of expert letter inquiry was 100％,and the expert authority coefficient was 0.836.The Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.471 and 0.820(P＜0.001),and the final non-drug intervention program for pediatric acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting included 5 primary,14 secondary and 18 tertiary items.The results showed that the incidence of nausea,vomiting and negative emotions in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The severity of vomiting was less than it in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).The standard rate of normal sleep time was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The non-drug intervention program of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children is scientific and feasible,and the implementation of the program can reduce the incidence of nausea,vomiting and negative emotions,reduce the severity of vomiting,and improve the standard rate of normal bedtime in children.

Objective To study the risk factors and prognostic characteristics of pediatric silent lupus nephritis(SLN)with class Ⅲ to V.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect clinical data from 30 children diagnosed with SLN at the Department of Pediatrics,Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,from May 2007 to April 2023.Based on renal pathological classification,the patients were divided into a class Ⅱ group(12 cases)and a class Ⅲ to Ⅴ group(18 cases).The risk factors for the occurrence of class Ⅲ to Ⅴ SLN were analyzed,and the prognostic characteristics were summarized.Results Among the 30 SLN patients,the median follow-up time was 61.50 months.There were no statistically significant differences in the proportions of patients who discontinued glucocorticoids or achieved low disease activity status,nor in the annual decline rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)between the class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ to V groups(P>0.05).However,three patients in the class Ⅱ group progressed to stage 1 chronic kidney disease(CKD),while eight patients in the class Ⅲ to Ⅴ group reached stage 1 CKD,and four patients reached stage 2 CKD.Among the 26 female SLN patients,serum complement C3 levels in the class Ⅲ to Ⅴ group were lower than those in the class Ⅱ group(P<0.05).Serum C3 levels in SLN patients,as well as in female SLN patients,were negatively correlated with the fluorescence intensity of IgA,IgG,and C3 immune complexes in the kidneys(P<0.05).Additionally,serum C3 levels in female SLN patients were negatively correlated with the renal pathological activity index(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that being female and having low serum complement C3 levels were risk factors for the occurrence of class Ⅲ to Ⅴ SLN in children(P<0.05).Conclusions Class Ⅲ to Ⅴ SLN is not uncommon among SLN children,and there remains a risk of long-term renal function progression.Being female and having low serum complement C3 levels are identified as risk factors for class Ⅲ to Ⅴ SLN in children.

Objective:This study constructs a strategic model for healthy city construction using Hubei Province as a case study,aiming to provide a reference for advancing healthy city initiatives.Methods:Utilizing grounded theory,we analyzed interview data from 9 cities in Hubei.Through open coding,principal axis coding,and selective coding,we identified and refined the strategic components for healthy city construction.Results:The strategies for healthy city construction in Hubei encompasses 30 initial categories,11 main categories,and 3 core categories:government initiative-led,departmental cooperation,and social co-construction and co-governance.This framework culminates in a theoretical model centered on sustainable construction,with the long-term improvement of population health as the ultimate goal.Conclusion:The strategies of government initiative-led,departmental cooperation,and social co-construction and co-governance function synergistically as guiding,implementing,and mobilizing frameworks for healthy city construction.By integrating these strategies,we can promote the sustainability of healthy cities and ultimately achieve long-term improvement of population health level.

Objective To analyze the accuracy of the new generation intraocular lens(IOL)formula and the Wang-Koch(WK)adjustment in individuals with severe myopia undergoing combined anterior-posterior surgery.Methods A total of 100 patients(100 eyes)with axial length(AL)＞26 mm undergoing combined anterior and posterior segment surgery in our department from June 2015 to June 2021 were enrolled in this study.Totally 13 IOL calculation formulas,such as Barrett Universal Ⅱ(BU Ⅱ),Emmetropia Verifying Optical(EVO),Kane,Haigis,Hoffer Q,Holladay,and SRK/T as well as the first generation linear WK eye axis optimization formula(Haigis-WK1,SRK/T-WK1,Hoffer Q-WK1,Holladay 1-WK1)and the second generation linear WK eye axis optimization formula(SRK/T-WK2,Holladay 1-WK2),were utilized to determine IOL diopter.The mean prediction error(ME),mean absolute error(MAE),median absolute error(MedAE),and percentage of prediction error within different refractive thresholds were calculated to assess the accuracy of each formula.In order to investigate the impact of AL on accuracy of IOL calculation,the patients were categorized into group A(38 eyes,26.00 mm＜AL≤28.00 mm),group B(28 eyes,28.00 mm＜AL≤30.00 mm),and group C(34 eyes,AL＞30.00 mm).Additionally,the patients were also divided into silicone oil(63 eyes)and non-silicone oil(37 eyes)groups based on preoperative intraocular filling to determine the effect of intraocular filling on IOL calculation.Results The MedAE values of the new-generation IOL formulas(BU Ⅱ,EVO,and Kane)were significantly lower(0.34D,0.31D,0.35D)than those of traditional formulas(P＜0.05).Additionally,the percentage of prediction errors within±0.25 D,±0.50 D,±0.75 D,and±1.00 D were significantly higher with the new formulas when compared to traditional ones(P＜0.05).Traditional formulas exhibited a hyperopic deviation(0.35D～0.65 D),which could be corrected using the WK eye axis adjustment.WK2 was effective in improving the accuracy of calculation in SRK/T and Holladay 1 formulas,and there was no statistical difference in the MedAE values of SRK/T-WK2 and Holladay 1-WK2 formulas with the new-generation IOL formulas.When comparing the formulas across different axial eye length groups in terms of MedAE,the new IOL formulas(BU Ⅱ,kane and EVO)and WK-corrected formulas(Haigis-WK1,SRK/T-WK 1,SRK/T-WK2,Hoffer Q-WK1,Holladay 1-WK1,Holladay 1-WK2)showed no significant differences among the different AL groups.However,there were significant differences in the MedAE values of traditional formulas among the different AL groups(P＜0.01),with group C displaying the largest MedAE values(Haigis:0.84D,SRK/T:1.10D,Hoffer Q:1.23D,Holladay 1:1.20D).Comparing the MedAE values of different formulas in various preoperative intraocular filling groups,it was observed that the MedAE values of the new-generation IOL formulas(BU Ⅱ,kane and EVO),Haigis,and SRK/T formulas were significantly higher in the silicone oil-filled eye group than the non-silicone oil-filled eye group(P＜0.05).Conclusion In patients with high myopia undergoing combined anterior and posterior segment surgery,the precision and consistency of the new-generation IOL formulas and the second-generation linear WK axis correction formula exhibit significant improvements when compared to traditional formulas.

Purpose::Cerebral edema (CE) is the main secondary injury following traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by road traffic accidents (RTAs). It is challenging to be predicted timely. In this study, we aimed to develop a prediction model for CE by identifying its risk factors and comparing the timing of edema occurrence in TBI patients with varying levels of injuries.Methods::This case-control study included 218 patients with TBI caused by RTAs. The cohort was divided into CE and non-CE groups, according to CT results within 7 days. Demographic data, imaging data, and clinical data were collected and analyzed. Quantitative variables that follow normal distribution were presented as mean ± standard deviation, those that do not follow normal distribution were presented as median (Q 1, Q 3). Categorical variables were expressed as percentages. The Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for CE. Logistic curve fitting was performed to predict the time to secondary CE in TBI patients with different levels of injuries. The efficacy of the model was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic curve. Results::According to the study, almost half (47.3%) of the patients were found to have CE. The risk factors associated with CE were bilateral frontal lobe contusion, unilateral frontal lobe contusion, cerebral contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and abbreviated injury scale (AIS). The odds ratio values for these factors were 7.27 (95% confidence interval ( CI): 2.08 -25.42, p = 0.002), 2.85 (95% CI: 1.11 -7.31, p = 0.030), 2.62 (95% CI: 1.12 -6.13, p = 0.027), 2.44 (95% CI: 1.25 -4.76, p = 0.009), and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.10 -2.04, p = 0.009), respectively. We also observed that patients with mild/moderate TBI (AIS ≤ 3) had a 50% probability of developing CE 19.7 h after injury (χ 2= 13.82, adjusted R2 = 0.51), while patients with severe TBI (AIS > 3) developed CE after 12.5 h (χ 2= 18.48, adjusted R2 = 0.54). Finally, we conducted a receiver operator characteristic curve analysis of CE time, which showed an area under the curve of 0.744 and 0.672 for severe and mild/moderate TBI, respectively. Conclusion::Our study found that the onset of CE in individuals with TBI resulting from RTAs was correlated with the severity of the injury. Specifically, those with more severe injuries experienced an earlier onset of CE. These findings suggest that there is a critical time window for clinical intervention in cases of CE secondary to TBI.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of the TRIANGLE operation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).Methods:This study is a retrospective case series analysis. Between January 2020 and December 2022, a total of 103 patients were diagnosed as LAPC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy at the Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Among them, 26 patients (25.2%) underwent the TRIANGLE operation. There were 15 males and 11 females,with a age of (59±7) years (range: 49 to 74 years). The pre-treatment serum CA19-9( M(IQR)) was 248.8(391.6)U/ml (range: 0 to 1 428 U/ml),and the serum carcinoembryonic antigen was 4.1(3.8)μg/L(range: 1.4 to 13.4 μg/L). The neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens included: mFOLFIRINOX regimen in 6 cases(23.1%), GnP regimen in 14 cases(53.8%), and mFOLFIRINOX+GnP regimen in 6 cases(23.1%). The follow-up duration extended until June 2023 or until the occurrence of the patient′s death or loss to follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to estimate the 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates. Results:After neoadjuvant chemotherapy,CA19-9 levels decreased by 92.3(40.1)%(range:2.1% to 97.7%). Evaluation of the response to treatment revealed 13 cases(50.0%) of stable disease,11 cases(42.3%) of partial response,and 2 cases(7.7%) of complete response. The surgical operation consisted of 12 cases(46.2%) of pancreaticoduodenectomy,12 cases(46.2%) of distal pancreatectomy,and 2 cases(7.7%) of total pancreatectomy. Margin determination was based on the “standardised pathology protocol” and the “1 mm” principle. No R2 and R1(direct) resections were observed,while the R0 resection rate was 61.5%(16/26), and the R1(1 mm) resection rate was 38.5%(10/26).The R1(1 mm) resection rates for the anterior margin,posterior margin,transected margin,portal vein groove margin,and uncinate margin were 23.1%(6/26),19.2%(5/26),12.5%(3/24),2/14, and 1/12, respectively. The overall postoperative complication rate was 57.8%(15/26),with major complications including grade B/C pancreatic fistula 25.0%(6/24,excluding 2 cases of total pancreatectomy),delayed gastric emptying in 23.1%(6/26),wound complications 11.5%(3/26),postoperative hemorrhage 7.7%(2/26), chylous fistula 7.7%(2/26) and bile fistula 3.8%(1/26). No reoperation was performed during the perioperative period(<90 days). One patient died on the 32 nd day postoperatively due to a ruptured pseudoaneurysm. A total of 25 patients were followed up,with a follow-up time of 21(24)months(range: 8 to 42 months). During the follow-up period,8 cases(32.0%) died due to tumor recurrence and metastasis,while 17 patients(68.0%) remained alive,including 11 cases of disease-free survival,5 cases of distant metastasis,and 1 case of local recurrence. The overall survival rates at 1- and 3-year after the initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 95.8% and 58.9%, respectively. The overall survival rates at 1- and 3-year after surgery were 77.7% and 57.8%, respectively. Conclusion:Performing pancreatoduodenectomy according to the Heidelberg triangle protocol in LAPC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy might increase the R0 resection rate without increasing perioperative mortality or the incidence of major postoperative complications.