OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of the Yishen paidu formula on renal fibrosis in rats with chronic renal failure （CRF） through the reactive oxygen species （ROS）/thioredoxin-interacting protein （TXNIP）/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3） pathway. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， Yishen paidu formula low-dose （Yishen paidu formula-L） group， Yishen paidu formula high-dose （Yishen paidu formula- H） group， Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-NC group， and Yishen paidu formula-H+ pcDNA-TXNIP group， with 10 rats in each group. Except for control group， all other rats were fed a diet containing 0.5% adenine to establish a CRF model； the rats were then administered corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically or via tail vein， once daily， for 8 consecutive weeks. After the last administration， the levels of serum creatinine （Scr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， ROS， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-1β were measured in each group. Pathological changes in renal tissue were observed， and the protein expression levels of Collagen Ⅲ， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， TXNIP and NLRP3 in renal tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， the renal histopathological damage and fibrosis of rats in Yishen paidu formula-L group and Yishen paidu formula-H group were significantly alleviated. The levels of Scr， BUN， ROS， MDA， TNF- α， IL-6 and IL-1β， and the protein expressions of Collagen Ⅲ， α-SMA， TGF-β1， TXNIP and NLRP3 were significantly decreased， while SOD levels were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Moreover， the changes were more pronounced in the Yishen paidu formula-H group （P＜0.05）. Compared with Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-NC group， above indexes of rats in Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-TXNIP group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Yishen paidu formula can inhibit renal fibrosis in CRF rats by suppressing the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.

Objective: The cross sectional study aimed to identify predominant co-occurrence patterns among six common mental health issues in college students, so as to provide empirical basis for designing targeted interventions. Methods: From October 2024, a total of 9 837 students from 4 universities in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, participated in the current study by multistage random cluster sampling method. Participants completed self report measures, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 item Scale (GAD-7), Young s Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire, the Adolescent Insomnia Symptom Self rating Scale, the Ottawa Self injury Inventory, and the Brief Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences Questionnaire. Demographic and co-occurrence characteristics were first compared using Chi square or trend Chi-square tests, followed by application of the Apriori algorithm to mine association rules for primary co-occurrence patterns. Results: The detection rate of co-occuring the common mental health issues was 46.44%. The detection rate was significantly higher in female than in male students (50.42%, 43.61%; χ 2=44.46) and in students from rural versus urban areas (47.22%, 44.60%; χ 2=5.67) (both P <0.05). Significant differences were observed among freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors (46.63%, 48.35%, 45.05% , 43.66%, respectively; χ 2=9.22, P <0.05), although no statistically significant trend was detected ( χ 2 trend =3.75, P = 0.05 ). Association rule mining identified “anxiety + depression” “anxiety + psychotic experiences + depression” and “anxiety + sleep disorder + depression” as the combinations with the highest support. In addition, “anxiety+depression+Internet addiction+psychotic experiences =>sleep disorder (>= refered to the occurrence of the latter item under the condition that the former item occurs)” and “anxiety + depression+Internet addiction=>sleep disorder” were combinations with relatively high confidence. Conclusions Co-occurrence of these mental health issues among college students is high and exhibits diverse patterns. Strategies to address this burden should prioritize integrated interventions that target these specific combinations of factors.

Lung cancer， with persistently high incidence and mortality rates， remains a significant global health challenge. By taking the study on the experience in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome by distinguished traditional Chinese medicine physicians of the Sichuan School as an example， the diagnosis and treatment system for lung cancer with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome， which was formed in response to the humid and foggy environment of the Sichuan Basin， possesses unique value. However， traditional inheritance modes face challenges such as fragmentation， lack of standardization， and insufficient quantification， which hinder the promotion and application of this experience. This research focused on how to leverage multimodal data and artificial intelligence-generated content （AIGC） to achieve precise analysis， intelligent inheritance， and clinical innovation of the experience in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome by distinguished traditional Chinese medicine physicians of the Sichuan School. By integrating multimodal data （encompassing four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine， modern medical imaging， clinical laboratory tests， molecular biology， and regional environmental information）， a precise diagnosis and treatment system integrating macro and micro perspectives for the "disease， syndrome， and pathogenesis" was constructed. The research yielded the following results： （1） In precise syndrome differentiation， the objective quantification of the phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome was achieved. By constructing a "four diagnostic methods， imaging， and molecule" correlation model， the study revealed intrinsic links between tongue and pulse parameters and the tumor microenvironment， as well as between regional climatic factors and syndrome characteristics， enabling real-time dynamic monitoring of efficacy. （2） In elucidating patterns， the study systematically explored the syndrome differentiation thoughts of Sichuan School physicians， such as the timing of purgation and tonification. A "pathogenesis， syndrome complex， and prescriptions and herb" network model was constructed， which accurately elucidated the synergistic action mechanisms of core herb pairs and quantified the dynamic compatibility patterns of reinforcing healthy Qi and eliminating pathogenic factors. （3） In intelligent empowerment， an auxiliary system integrating intelligent syndrome differentiation， treatment plan generation， and efficacy evaluation was built. This system can fuse regional characteristics with individual data， dynamically generate and optimize personalized prescriptions aligned with the experience of Sichuan School， and predict efficacy trends and potential adverse reactions. The integration of multimodal data and AIGC can effectively facilitate the structured inheritance and clinical translation of distinguished physicians' experience. The established intelligent diagnosis and treatment model integrating traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine demonstrates clear potential in prolonging patients' progression-free survival， alleviating symptoms， and reducing adverse reactions to treatment. This study provides a referential methodological framework for the traditional Chinese medicine experience in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer， especially the empirical inheritance and modernized development of regional academic schools. It contributes to advancing clinical diagnosis and treatment toward greater precision and personalization.

As traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） culture evolves， the academic thoughts of these practitioners， being a core component of TCM inheritance， are gradually shifting from traditional models to digital and intelligent approaches. However， this process faces challenges， including insufficient standardization of data collection and processing， low inheritance efficiency， and the risk of inheritance alienation. To address these issues， this paper proposed the construction of an intelligent platform following the "intelligence-transmission-modeling-linkage" path. "Intelligence" involves using smart perception technologies to accurately collect and classify diagnostic and therapeutic information from famous TCM practitioners， laying the foundation for digital inheritance； "transmission" focuses on leveraging artificial intelligence to mine and inherit the clinical experience of famous TCM practitioners， thereby establishing a "regional academic schools+group commonality" dynamic inheritance system； "modeling" integrates the academic thoughts and advantageous diseases of multiple schools to develop intelligent diagnostic and therapeutic models of famous TCM practitioners， resulting in personalized treatment plans； "linkage" involves constructing a clinical decision support system of famous TCM practitioners by integrating blockchain and generative intelligence， creating an AI digital avatar of TCM diagnostic and therapeutic knowledge. The "intelligence-transmission-modeling-linkage" intelligent inheritance model not only provides new ideas for the digital inheritance of TCM academic schools， but also offers strong support for the modernization and internationalization of TCM.

ObjectiveTo explore the main mechanism of self-precipitation formed during the decoction of Sinitang（SNT）， and to provide a research basis for exploring the differences in the toxic and effective components of this compound. MethodsThe average precipitation yields of SNT， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（GRR）-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata（ALRP） decoction（GF）， ALRP-Zingiberis Rhizoma（ZR） decoction（FJ）， GRR-ZR decoction（GJD）， ALRP decoction（FZ）， ZR decoction（GJ） and GRR decoction（GC） were determined. The four main self-precipitation samples of SNT， GF， FZ and GC were physically characterized by particle size， scanning electron microscopy（SEM）， pH， total dissolved solids（TDS）， conductivity， and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） analysis. The chemical compositions of SNT decoction and its different phases was identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS） for SNT， SNT self-precipitation and SNT supernatant， and the contents of its main toxic and effective components were determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. ResultsPrecipitation yield results of the 7 samples of SNT decoction and single decoction showed that SNT had the highest self-precipitation yield. The formation of SNT self-precipitation was mainly related to the reaction between ALRP and GRR components to form complexes， and FT-IR showed that GRR had the greatest influence on the formation of self-precipitation. A total of 110 components were identified in the SNT decoction， including 100 components in the SNT self-precipitation and 106 components in the SNT supernatant. And quantitative results of the main toxic and effective components revealed that the reaction between ALRP and GRR components formed complexes， resulting in the following content hierarchy for free components：SNT decoctionsupernatantself-precipitation， these components included free liquiritin， benzoylmesaconine， benzoylaconitine， benzoylhypacoitine， liquiritigenin， aconitine， hypoaconitine， isoliquiritigenin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate. ConclusionSNT exhibits spontaneous precipitation during compound decoction， with GRR exerting the greatest influence on its formation. This suggests GRR plays a significant role in the detoxification of SNT. The differences in the self-precipitated toxic-effective components of SNT compound decoction primarily manifest as changes in component content， reflecting the characteristics of SNT "deposition in vitro and sustained release in vivo" and the importance of "administered at draught" in the clinical application of SNT.

The principle and composition of Philips Ingenia Series MRI scanners were introduced.Three common faults of Philips Ingenia Series MRI scanners were analyzed in terms of the phenomenon,cause and elimination measure.References were provided for clinical engineers to treat similar faults.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):116-120]

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of women with abnormal uterine bleeding(AUB)in sub-plateau regions and analyze the factors affecting their treatment methods.Methods AUB patients who were hospitalized from Jan 1,2018 to Dec 31,2022,in a sub-plateau region(Yongping County People's Hospital of Yunnan Province)with an average altitude of 1 620 meters were selected.The general clinical characteristics of the patients were summarized,and patients were classified into two categories(with or without uterine structural lesion)and nine subtypes(PALM-COEIN)according to the FIGO recommended etiological classification guidelines.Then the patients were divided into groups based on the presence or absence of uterine structural lesions,ethnic group(Han and minority),conservative drug treatment and surgical treatment groups,blood transfusion and non-blood transfusion groups.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting treatment methods.Results A total of 481 AUB patients enrolled,and the delayed consultation rate was as high as 80.46%,and the proportion of overweight and obese patients was 49.90%,which was higher than the average level among Chinese women.The main cause was AUB-O(AUB-ovulatory dysfunction),accounting for 78.59%of cases,the proportion of patients with delayed medical treatment was higher than those without delayed medical treatment(82.17%vs.74.47%).Patients who received blood transfusion were significantly younger,had lower hemoglobin(HGB)levels,fewer pregnancies,and lower BMI compared to those in the non-blood transfusion group(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the surgical treatment group had older age,longer onset time,higher HGB levels,more pregnancies and deliveries,higher BMI,a higher proportion of Han ethnicity patients,lower rates of non-blood transfusion,higher rates of hypertension,and more uterine structural lesions compared to the conservative drug treatment group.Multivariate regression analysis revealed that blood transfusion treatment reduced the probability of surgical treatment.Age and uterine structural lesions were risk factors for requiring surgical treatment,for each additional year of age,the risk of undergoing surgical treatment increased by 10%.The risk of requiring surgical treatment for patients with uterine structural lesions was 2.987 times higher than for those without.Conclusion AUB patients in this sub-plateau regions have a high rate of delayed consultation and a high proportion of overweight and obesity,with AUB-O being the primary cause.Older age and the presence of uterine structural lesions were risk factors for requiring surgical treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of ischemia time and storage periods on RNA quality in fresh-frozen breast cancer(BC)and esophageal cancer(EC)tissue samples in order to establish evidence-based protocols for biobank sample management.Methods The tumor(T)and paired normal(N)tissue samples from 6 cases of BC and 6 cases of EC were collected and cryopreserved in Biobank,Shantou Central Hospital.Mirror paraffin-embedded tissues were simultaneously prepared into sections for morphological analysis.The samples were divided into two groups of<15 min and 15-30 min according to ischemia time,and RNA quality was analyzed at 4 storage periods of 8-10 months(T1),14-16 months(T2),26-28 months(T3)and 38-40 months(T4).Results In 96 analyzed samples,93.8%(90/96)exhibited high quality(RIN≥6),with 89.6%(43/48)in BC and 97.9%(47/48)in EC.Significant differences in RIN were observed between BC group and EC group(8.050 vs.8.600,P=0.009).In EC group,RIN value was significantly negatively correlated with RNA yield(P<0.001).Moreover,RIN values of tumor-normal pairs exhibited markedly significant differences(7.550 vs.9.000,P<0.001).In contrast,no significant difference was detected in BC group(8.200 vs.7.700,P=0.348).Statistical analysis showed that RIN value was positively correlated with 28S/18S(P<0.001),but had no correlation with tumor content(P=0.676)and necrotic content(P=0.055).Neither ischemia time(<15 min vs.15-30 min:8.200 vs.8.300,P=0.932)nor storage periods(T1-T4:8.400,7.700,8.450,8.600,P=0.163)compromised RNA quality.Conclusion Organ origin and tissue type could influence RNA quality of fresh-frozen tissue samples.However,limited ischemia time(≤30 min)and long-term storage period(38-40 months)do not adversely affect RNA quality in fresh-frozen breast cancer and esophageal cancer tissue samples.

Objective The purpose of the study is to breed homozygous interferon-γ knockout(IFN-γ-/-)mice and optimize the breeding strategies to achieve continuous and stable reproduction of IFN-γ-/-mice,which could be used as an ideal animal model for fundamental research.Methods Initially,heterozygous IFN-γ knockout(IFN-γ+/-)C57BL/6J mice were used as the parental generation for breeding.Subsequently,3 breeding strategies were employed using the offspring:(1)female heterozygotes mated with male heterozygotes;(2)male homozygotes mated with female heterozygotes;(3)female homozygotes mated with male homozygotes.The number and survival rate of IFN-γ-/-mice were compared across the three breeding strategies to determine the optimal breeding strategy.Under the optimal strategy,the effects of female mating age and diet type on the reproductive performance of IFN-γ-/-mice were further evaluated.Data from the first three litters of 60 IFN-γ-/-female mice,including litter size,number of weaning survivors,and weaning survival rate,were recorded and analyzed.In addition,the effects of dietary supplementation of pregnant mice and environmental optimization measures,such as the provision of shelters,were evaluated.Results Under conditions where the nutritional needs of pregnant mice were adequately met by supplementation with egg yolk and sunflower seeds,mating of female and male IFN-γ-/-mice result ed in a litter size of five to eight IFN-γ-/-mice,demonstrating higher efficiency compared to other breeding strategies.In addition,diet type and mating age significantly influenced female reproductive performance.When 7～9 weeks old female IFN-γ-/-mice were mated to male IFN-γ-/-mice and fed a high-protein breeding diet,litter size(6.9±1.7),weaning survival number(6.5％±2.0％)and weaning survival rate(93.2％±17.8％)were higher than those under other conditions.In addition,providing shelters to prevent fighting between breeding pairs further improved reproductive outcomes.Conclusions By adopting an optimized breeding strategy,combined with a high-protein diet,nutritional supplementation,and standardized mating age management,the breeding efficiency and stability of IFN-γ-/-mice can be significantly improved.This provides a reliable animal model for related research.

This article reviews the challenges faced by research teams in China, and drawing on advanced management modes both in China and abroad, proposes a "dual optimization of management modes, stable and efficient platform support, and flexible and precise talent development" mode for research team construction and student cultivation. Specifically, this mode includes promoting flexible team management through enhanced two-way feedback between mentors and students, improving shared experimental platforms to increase resource utilization efficiency, and designing tailored training programs that align with individual student needs. The aim is to enhance team cohesion, improve the communication, collaboration, and innovation in basic medical research teams, and ultimately raise the quality of talent development in universities.