ObjectiveTo explore the metabolic changes during the development of Tupaia belangeri breast tumors, to investigate the close relationship between the changes of serum metabolic substances and the occurrence and progression of tumors, and to screen for biomarkers reflecting the progression of breast tumors. MethodsBreast tumors in Tupaia belangeri were induced by orally administering 7,12-dimethylbenzoanthracene (DMBA) three times, with a 15-day interval between each administration, along with a high-fat and high-sugar diet. The DMBA-induced breast cancer group and the DMBA-inducedwithout breast cancer group were compared with the control group. Untargeted determination of serum metabolites was performed using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) in DMBA-induced Tupaia belangeri with breast cancer, DMBA-induced without breast cancer and the control group. Multidimensional statistical analysis including unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS-DA) were conducted. Furthermore, t-test was used for intergroup differential comparison. Differential metabolites were screened under VIP>1 and P<0.05 conditions, and significantly changing differential metabolites were identified using the HMDB online database. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database was utilized to enrich metabolic-related gene regulatory pathways. ResultsThe incidence of breast tumors was 40% in DMBA-induced Tupaia belangeri. Compared with the control group, 30 metabolic differential products were detected in the serum of the group with breast cancer, with 18 down-regulated and 12 up-regulated (VIP>1, P<0.05). KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant changes in four metabolic pathways: glutamate metabolism, glyceride metabolism, citric acid cycle, and alanine metabolism. Compared with the group without breast cancer, 18 metabolic differential products were detected, with 7 down-regulated and 11 up-regulated (VIP>1, P<0.05). KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant changes in the citric acid cycle and glutamate metabolism. Compared with the control group, 31 metabolic differential products were detected in the serum of the groups without breast cancer, with 14 down-regulated and 17 up-regulated (VIP>1, P<0.05). KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant changes in three metabolic pathways: glutamate metabolism, glyceride metabolism, and citric acid cycle. ConclusionMetabolomics analysis can reveal the characteristics of changes in metabolites in the serum of breast tumors. The results suggest that glutamate metabolism, glyceride metabolism, citric acid cycle, and alanine metabolism pathways are associated with the occurrence and development of DMBA-induced breast tumors in Tupaia belangeri. It provides a foundation for further research into the biological mechanism of breast cancer.

This experiment aims to investigate the effects of a dietary supplement of herbal tea resi-due on white feather broilers in the prospectives of growth performance,serum indexes and intesti-nal immune indexes.A total of 280 1-day-old white feather broilers with similar body mass and good health were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 14 birds per repli-cate.Group Ⅰ(control group)was fed a basal diet.Groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed a diet supple-mented with 2％,4％and 6％herbal tea residue powder,respectively.The feeding lasted for 49 days,and was divided into 2 phases from 1 to 21 days of age and 22 to 49 days of age.Blood,tissue and mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum were collected on 21 d and 49 d.Total cholesterol(T-CHO),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine amin-otransferase(ALT)in the serum were examined.The villus height and crypt depth of the jejunum were observed and measured by morphology.The mRNA expression levels of intestinal interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were determined by qPCR.The results showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the mass of group Ⅲ on 21 d and 49 d significantly increased(P＜0.05).The average daily feed intake of 22-49 d and 1-49 d significantly increased(P＜0.05).The average daily mass gain of 1-21 d,22-49 d and 1-49 d significantly increased(P＜0.05).In the serum of 21 d,compared with group Ⅰ,T-CHO in group Ⅱ significantly decreased(P＜0.05).TG in groups Ⅱ,m and Ⅳ significantly de-creased(P＜0.05).LDL-C and AST activity in group Ⅳ significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In the serum of 49 d,T-CHO in group Ⅲ,LDL-C in group Ⅳ,HDL-C of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the ALT activity of these two groups decreased(P＜0.05).AST activity in group Ⅱ significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In the duodenum of 21 d,compared with group Ⅰ,the expressions of TNF-α in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In the duodenum of 49 d,the expression of IL-10 in group Ⅱ was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the expression of IL-2 in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In the jejunum of 49 d,the ex-pression of IL-10 in group Ⅱ was increased(P＜0.05),and the expression of IL-2 in groups Ⅲand Ⅳ was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In conclusion,dietary herbal tea residue can regulate circulating lipid level and enhance intestinal immunity of white feather broilers without affecting their normal growth performance.This experiment also suggested that the a 2％-4％supplementa-tion of herbal tea residues to white feather broilers was of good effect.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of meridian sinew releasing technique on moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS: A total of 60 patients with KOA were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases each group. In the observation group, on the basis of the meridian sinew releasing technique, moxibustion sensation exploration method was applied at Dubi (ST 35) area on the affected side. In the control group, moxibustion sensation exploration method was applied at Dubi (ST 35) area on the affected side. The meridian sinew releasing technique was performed for 20 min each time, the moxibustion sensation exploration method was performed for 60 min each time, once a day for 3 days. The excitation rate, latency, duration time and intensity value of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion were recorded on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of exploration in the two groups. RESULTS: The excitation rate on the 3rd day of exploration and total excitation rate in the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). On the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of exploration, the latency of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05), the duration time was longer than the control group (P<0.05), and the intensity value was higher than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Meridian sinew releasing technique could improve the excitation rate of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with KOA, shorten the latency, prolong the duration time, and improve the intensity value.
Humans ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy* ; Hot Temperature ; Meridians ; Moxibustion ; Sensation

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics of severe periodontitis with various number of tooth loss during 4-year natural progression, and to analyze the factors related to higher rate of tooth loss. METHODS: A total of 217 patients aged 15 to 44 years with severe periodontitis were included, who participated in a 4-year natural progression research. Data obtained from questionnaire survey, clinical examination and radiographic measurement. Tooth loss during 4-year natural progression was evaluated. The baseline periodontal disease related and caries related factors were calculated, including number of teeth with bone loss > 50%, number of missing molars, number of teeth with widened periodontal ligament space (WPDL), number of teeth with periapical lesions and etc. Characteristics of populations with various number of tooth loss and the related factors that affected higher rate of tooth loss were analyzed. RESULTS: In 4 years of natural progression, 103 teeth were lost, and annual tooth loss per person was 0.12±0.38. Nine patients lost 3 or more teeth. Thirty-four patients lost 1 or 2 teeth, and 174 patients were absent of tooth loss. Molars were mostly frequent to lose, and canines presented a minimum loss. The number of teeth with WPDL, with periapical lesions, with intrabony defects, with probing depth (PD)≥7 mm, with PD≥5 mm, with clinical attachment loss≥5 mm, with bone loss > 50% and with bone loss > 65% were positively correlated to number of tooth loss. Results from orderly multivariate Logistic regression showd that the number of teeth with bone loss > 50% OR=1.550), baseline number of molars lost (OR=1.774), number of teeth with WPDL (1 to 2: OR=1.415; ≥3: OR=13.105), number of teeth with periapical lesions (1 to 2: OR=4.393; ≥3: OR=9.526) and number of teeth with caries/residual roots (OR=3.028) were significant risk factors related to higher likelihood of tooth loss and multiple tooth loss. CONCLUSION In 4 years of natural progression, the number of teeth with bone loss > 50%, baseline number of missing molars, number of teeth with WPDL, baseline number of teeth with periapical lesions and number of teeth with caries/residual roots were significantly related to higher risk of tooth loss and multiple tooth loss among Chinese young and middle-aged patients with severe periodontitis in rural areas.
Humans ; Tooth Loss/etiology* ; Periodontitis/complications* ; Tooth ; Periodontal Diseases ; Molar

Entinostat plus exemestane in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) advanced breast cancer (ABC) previously showed encouraging outcomes. This multicenter phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of entinostat plus exemestane in Chinese patients with HR + ABC that relapsed/progressed after ≥1 endocrine therapy. Patients were randomized (2:1) to oral exemestane 25 mg/day plus entinostat (n = 235) or placebo (n = 119) 5 mg/week in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was the independent radiographic committee (IRC)-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). The median age was 52 (range, 28-75) years and 222 (62.7%) patients were postmenopausal. CDK4/6 inhibitors and fulvestrant were previously used in 23 (6.5%) and 92 (26.0%) patients, respectively. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the entinostat and placebo groups. The median PFS was 6.32 (95% CI, 5.30-9.11) and 3.72 (95% CI, 1.91-5.49) months in the entinostat and placebo groups (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58-0.98; P = 0.046), respectively. Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 154 (65.5%) patients in the entinostat group versus 23 (19.3%) in the placebo group, and the most common grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs were neutropenia [103 (43.8%)], thrombocytopenia [20 (8.5%)], and leucopenia [15 (6.4%)]. Entinostat plus exemestane significantly improved PFS compared with exemestane, with generally manageable toxicities in HR + ABC (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT03538171).

OBJECTIVE: To explore the manifestations of jingjin (sinews/fascia) lesions and summarize their distribution rules in the patients with neck-type cervical spondylosis so as to provide the evidences for the development of clinical diagnosis and treatment scheme of acupuncture for cervical spondylosis. METHODS: A total of 120 patients with neck-type cervical spondylosis were collected. The meridian diagnostic method was used to examine the upper back of each patient, the manifestation category of jingjin lesions, locations and the affected muscle regions of twelve meridians were recorded. RESULTS: (1) The punctate lesions of jingjin were detected in 15 regions, and the highest frequency of lesion occurred in the region from the inner upper corner of the scapula to Quyuan (SI 13) (113 cases, 94.2% of lesion frequency). The lesion frequency of 10 regions was ≥50.0%. The punctate lesions were mainly distributed in the muscle regions of hand-shaoyang (349 cases) and foot-taiyang (333 cases). (2) The linear lesions of jingjin were detected in 10 regions, and the highest frequency of lesion occurred in the region from the inner upper corner of the scapula to Quyuan (SI 13) (77 cases, 64.2% of lesion frequency). The lesion frequency of 2 regions was ≥50.0%. The linear lesions occurred mainly in the muscle region of foot-taiyang (251 cases). (3) Eight regions were examined to be the planar lesions of jingjin, and the highest frequency of lesion was found in the site of Jianjing (GB 21) (84 cases, 70.0% of lesion frequency). The lesion frequency of 3 regions was ≥50.0%. The muscle region of foot-taiyang (260 cases) was predominated in the planar lesions. (4) The distribution of all of the punctate, linear and planar lesions of jingjin was analyzed statistically. It was found that 25 regions were involved and those with the high lesion frequency were distributed in the area from the inner upper corner of the scapula to Quyuan (SI 13), the sites of Jianjing (GB 21) and Dazhui (GV 14), transverse processes of C₃ to C₅ and the area from the lateral border of the scapula to the teres minor, separately. The muscle regions of foot-taiyang, hand-shaoyang and hand-yangming were involved in various kinds of jingjin lesions. CONCLUSION Jingjin lesions in patients with neck-type cervical spondylosis can be divided into three categories, namely, punctate, linear and planar lesions; of which, the punctate lesions are dominated. A majority of jingjin lesions is related to the muscle region of foot-taiyang, and the lesion frequency is higher compared with the lesions to the muscle regions of hand-shaoyang and hand-yangming. Jingjin lesions are commonly distributed in the area from the inner upper corner of the scapula to Quyuan (SI 13).
Humans ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture Points ; Spondylosis/therapy* ; Acupuncture

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to use modified articular disc anchorage in treating old irreducible temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement with perforation and rupture, as well as to explore its efficacy. METHODS: A total of 31 patients (34 sides) with 47 TMJ disc perforations who underwent surgical treatment in the Affiliated Stomatolo-gical Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected. According to the location of disc perforation, it has five types: posterior disc perforation (typeⅠ), anterior disc perforation (typeⅡ), lateral disc perforation (type Ⅲ), composite disc perforation, and destruction disc perforation. The modified methods of disc anchoring were divided into two types according to the location of the perforation. TypesⅠandⅢ disc perforation were trea-ted by posterior anchoring method. For posterior ancho-ring, a screw was implanted into the posterolateral side of the condylar neck, and the disc was fixed on the screw by horizontal mattress suture. TypeⅡdisc perforation and compo-site disc perforation combined typeⅡperforation were treated by anterior and posterior double-anchoring method. For anterior anchoring, anchor screws or holes were placed at the anterior edge of the condylar neck, and horizontal mattress suture was performed at the posterior edge of the anterior perforation with an anchor wire. The articular disc was then fixed on the anchor screws or holes. For the posterior anchoring method, it was the same as the previous one. Paired t test was used to analyze the visual analog scale (VAS), maximum interincisal opening (MIO), and TMJ disorder index (CMI) of the patient before surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Disk-condyle position relationship by magnetic resonance imaging and postoperative quality of life in postoperative were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of perforation was 41.2% (14/34) in typeⅠ, 11.8% (4/34) in typeⅡ, 8.8% (3/34) in typeⅢ, 29.4% (10/34) in composite type, and 8.8% (3/34) in destruction type. The VAS, MIO, and CMI at 3, 6 months after operation significantly improved compared with those before operation (P<0.05). The effective reduction rate of disc was 96.77% (30/31). The quality of life at 6 months after surgery was 47.22±2.13, and the rate of excellent evaluation was 96.4% (27/28). CONCLUSIONS Modified articular disc anchorage achieves a good curative effect for treating temporomandibular joint disc perforation and rupture. Nevertheless, its long-term effect requires further observation.
Humans ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc/surgery* ; Quality of Life ; Joint Dislocations/surgery* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/surgery* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Temporomandibular Joint/pathology* ; Mandibular Condyle

Bunyavirus is widely distributed, highly contagious, and has a high fatality rate. It is a negative- strand RNA virus that has a major impact on public health around the world. The development of vaccines and the search for drugs are the key to prevent bunyavirus infection. The nucleoprotein (NP) of viruses is necessary for the synthesis of viral RNA, which combines with viral RNA to form the nucleocapsid, participates in viral assembly and RNA transcription, and plays an important role in viral proliferation. In addition, NP also has B cell and T cell epitopes, which can induce cellular and humoral immunity, so NP is an ideal target for vaccine design and drug development. Given its abundance and specificity, NP is also commonly used in the detection of viral diseases. More and more bunyavirus NP structures and structures of NP-RNA complexes have been resolved. Researchers have discovered two important antiviral targets through these structures, the terminal arm and the RNA binding cleft. This paper reviews the function and three-dimensional structure of the bunyavirus NP and the research progress of NP as an antiviral target, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the bunyavirus disease.

Currently, there is still no effective curative treatment for the development of late-stage liver fibrosis. Here, we have illustrated that TB001, a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/glucagon receptor (GLP-1R/GCGR) agonist with higher affinity towards GCGR, could retard the progression of liver fibrosis in various rodent models, with remarkable potency, selectivity, extended half-life and low toxicity. Four types of liver fibrosis animal models which were induced by CCl₄, α-naphthyl-isothiocyanate (ANIT), bile duct ligation (BDL) and Schistosoma japonicum were used in our study. We found that TB001 treatment dose-dependently significantly attenuated liver injury and collagen accumulation in these animal models. In addition to decreased levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation during hepatic injury, activation of hepatic stellate cells was also inhibited via suppression of TGF-β expression as well as downstream Smad signaling pathways particularly in CCl₄-and S. japonicum-induced liver fibrosis. Moreover, TB001 attenuated liver fibrosis through blocking downstream activation of pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa B/NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFκB/IKBα) pathways as well as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent induction of hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, GLP-1R and/or GCGR knock-down results represented GCGR played an important role in ameliorating CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, TB001 can be used as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of multiple causes of hepatic fibrosis demonstrated by our extensive pre-clinical evaluation of TB001.