Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction. Gut microbiota plays an important role in various diseases. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of intestinal flora dysregulation induced by high-fat diet (HFD) on erectile function. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into the normal diet (ND) and HFD groups. After 24 weeks, a measurement of erectile function was performed. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples. Then, we established fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) rat models by transplanting fecal microbiota from rats of ND group and HFD group to two new groups of rats respectively. After 24 weeks, erectile function of the rats was evaluated and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, and serum samples were collected for the untargeted metabolomics detection. Results: The erectile function of rats and the species diversity of intestinal microbiota in the HFD group was significantly lower, and the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were also significantly different between the two groups. The erectile function of rats in the HFD-FMT group was significantly lower than that of rats in the ND-FMT group. The characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were significantly different. In the HFD-FMT group, 27 metabolites were significantly different and they were mainly involved in the several inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions Intestinal microbiota disorders induced by HFD can damage the intestinal barrier of rats, change the serum metabolic profile, induce low-grade inflammation and apoptosis in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, and lead to ED.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction. Gut microbiota plays an important role in various diseases. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of intestinal flora dysregulation induced by high-fat diet (HFD) on erectile function. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into the normal diet (ND) and HFD groups. After 24 weeks, a measurement of erectile function was performed. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples. Then, we established fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) rat models by transplanting fecal microbiota from rats of ND group and HFD group to two new groups of rats respectively. After 24 weeks, erectile function of the rats was evaluated and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, and serum samples were collected for the untargeted metabolomics detection. Results: The erectile function of rats and the species diversity of intestinal microbiota in the HFD group was significantly lower, and the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were also significantly different between the two groups. The erectile function of rats in the HFD-FMT group was significantly lower than that of rats in the ND-FMT group. The characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were significantly different. In the HFD-FMT group, 27 metabolites were significantly different and they were mainly involved in the several inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions Intestinal microbiota disorders induced by HFD can damage the intestinal barrier of rats, change the serum metabolic profile, induce low-grade inflammation and apoptosis in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, and lead to ED.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction. Gut microbiota plays an important role in various diseases. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of intestinal flora dysregulation induced by high-fat diet (HFD) on erectile function. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into the normal diet (ND) and HFD groups. After 24 weeks, a measurement of erectile function was performed. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples. Then, we established fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) rat models by transplanting fecal microbiota from rats of ND group and HFD group to two new groups of rats respectively. After 24 weeks, erectile function of the rats was evaluated and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, and serum samples were collected for the untargeted metabolomics detection. Results: The erectile function of rats and the species diversity of intestinal microbiota in the HFD group was significantly lower, and the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were also significantly different between the two groups. The erectile function of rats in the HFD-FMT group was significantly lower than that of rats in the ND-FMT group. The characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were significantly different. In the HFD-FMT group, 27 metabolites were significantly different and they were mainly involved in the several inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions Intestinal microbiota disorders induced by HFD can damage the intestinal barrier of rats, change the serum metabolic profile, induce low-grade inflammation and apoptosis in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, and lead to ED.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction. Gut microbiota plays an important role in various diseases. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of intestinal flora dysregulation induced by high-fat diet (HFD) on erectile function. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into the normal diet (ND) and HFD groups. After 24 weeks, a measurement of erectile function was performed. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples. Then, we established fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) rat models by transplanting fecal microbiota from rats of ND group and HFD group to two new groups of rats respectively. After 24 weeks, erectile function of the rats was evaluated and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, and serum samples were collected for the untargeted metabolomics detection. Results: The erectile function of rats and the species diversity of intestinal microbiota in the HFD group was significantly lower, and the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were also significantly different between the two groups. The erectile function of rats in the HFD-FMT group was significantly lower than that of rats in the ND-FMT group. The characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were significantly different. In the HFD-FMT group, 27 metabolites were significantly different and they were mainly involved in the several inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions Intestinal microbiota disorders induced by HFD can damage the intestinal barrier of rats, change the serum metabolic profile, induce low-grade inflammation and apoptosis in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, and lead to ED.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction. Gut microbiota plays an important role in various diseases. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of intestinal flora dysregulation induced by high-fat diet (HFD) on erectile function. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into the normal diet (ND) and HFD groups. After 24 weeks, a measurement of erectile function was performed. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples. Then, we established fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) rat models by transplanting fecal microbiota from rats of ND group and HFD group to two new groups of rats respectively. After 24 weeks, erectile function of the rats was evaluated and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, and serum samples were collected for the untargeted metabolomics detection. Results: The erectile function of rats and the species diversity of intestinal microbiota in the HFD group was significantly lower, and the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were also significantly different between the two groups. The erectile function of rats in the HFD-FMT group was significantly lower than that of rats in the ND-FMT group. The characteristics of the intestinal microbiota community structure were significantly different. In the HFD-FMT group, 27 metabolites were significantly different and they were mainly involved in the several inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions Intestinal microbiota disorders induced by HFD can damage the intestinal barrier of rats, change the serum metabolic profile, induce low-grade inflammation and apoptosis in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, and lead to ED.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.

Objective:To explore the dilemmas and demands encountered by enterostomal therapists in providing sexual education or guidance to young and middle-aged patients with enterostomy.Methods:From April to October 2022, purposive sampling was used to select 15 enterostomal therapists who received training at the International School of Stomatologists for semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used for data analysis.Results:Three themes were extracted, namely the "negative behavior" and "positive willingness" of enterostomal therapists, the multiple dilemmas in implementing sex education for young and middle-aged patients with enterostomy, and the demands for sexual education for young and middle-aged patients with enterostomy.Conclusions:Enterostomal therapists should actively pay attention to the sexual education for young and middle-aged patients with enterostomy, overcome multiple obstacles that affect the lack of sexual education for young and middle-aged patients with enterostomy, and persist in promoting sexual education for young and middle-aged patients with enterostomy in clinical practice, in order to improve the marital relationship and quality of marriage between patients and their spouses.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and prognosis of using improved domestic neonatal ureteral stents (referred to as improved double-J stents) for thoraco-amniotic shunting (TAS) in treating fetal chylothorax.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 21 cases of fetal chylothorax treated with TAS using improved double-J stents at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School from April 1, 2018, to September 30, 2023. Surgical complications and perinatal outcomes were summarized, and the development of surviving infants in five domains (communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social) was assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3). Descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results:(1) The median gestational age at prenatal diagnosis was 28.7 weeks (27.3-30.4 weeks), with 85.7% (18/21) of cases complicated by fetal hydrops, 90.5% (19/21) by polyhydramnios, and 85.7% (18/21) by bilateral pleural effusion. (2) The median gestational age at the first TAS was 30.9 weeks (29.7-32.7 weeks). Of the 21 cases, 10 required repeat stent placement due to dislodgement or blockage, with a total of 49 stent placements. The dislodgement rate within 7 days was 24.5% (12/49), and the blockage rate was 16.3% (8/49). The rate of premature rupture of membranes within one week post-stent placement was 9.5% (2/21), with an overall preterm premature rupture of membranes rate of 28.6% (6/21). The median interval from the first TAS to delivery was 30.0 d (19.8-40.0 d). Of the 21 cases, three opted for selective termination of pregnancy; the remaining 18 cases resulted in live births, with a median gestational age at delivery of 35.6 weeks (34.1-37.1 weeks), and three neonatal deaths. The overall neonatal survival rate was 15/18. Surviving infants were followed up to a median age of 30 months (7-48 months), with 13 showing normal development and two scoring below the ASQ-3 threshold.Conclusion:The improved double-J stent can be used for TAS in the treatment of fetal chylothorax, with generally favorable outcomes.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Ganmao Qingre Pills(GQP)against lung injury based on network pharmacology,molecular docking and in vivo experiments.Methods The potential targets of GQP in the treatment of lung injury were screened through traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCM-SP)and Genecards.A"Chinese medicine-active ingredients-targets"network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software,then gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis for potential targets were conducted using a bioinformatics cloud platform.We established a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,which was intersected with"Chinese medicine-active ingredients-targets"network to obtain core targets.The molecular docking between key target proteins and active ingredients was performed.The effect of GQP on these key target proteins was verified by using a mouse model of lung injury.Results A total of 707 targets for the treatment of lung injury by GQP were identified,corresponding to 107 active ingredients in 11 Chinese medicines.It was found that GQP might regulate targets such as PTGS1,AR,and ACHE through active ingredients including stigmasterol,luteolin,and acacetin using the"Chinese medicine-active ingredients-targets"network analysis.Core targets such as SRC,EGFR,and STAT3 were discovered by using the PPI network.Key target proteins,including CDK1,CDK2,EGFR,ESR1 and SRC,were screened through the intersection analysis of the PPI network and"Chinese medicine-active ingredients-targets"network.Molecular docking study showed that stigmasterol,luteolin and acacetin had good binding effects with CDK1,CDK2,EGFR,ESR1,and SRC,respectively.In vivo experiments revealed that GQP dose-dependently attenuated lung injury and inflammatory infiltration,reduced the release of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6,increased the expression of CDK1 and CDK2,and decreased the expression of EGFR,ESR1 and SRC in lung injury mice.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of GQP against lung injury may be achieved through interaction of key active ingredients(stigmasterol,luteolin,and acacetin)and key target proteins(CDK1,CDK2,EGFR,ESR1,SRC),and regulation of key signaling pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions,cancer pathways,and calcium signaling pathways.

Purpose To study the changes of topological properties of brain structure network in age-related hearing loss(ARHL)by using graph theory,and to explore the relationship between the changes of brain structure network and cognition.Materials and Methods A total of 31 patients with ARHL and 27 controls from October 2022 to October 2023 in People's Hospital of Anshun City were recruited to undergo a diffusion tensor imaging scan and cognitive tests.Based on graph theory,this paper analyzes the changes of topological attributes of brain networks.The global attributes included small-world attribute,clustering coefficient,characteristic path length,global efficiency,local efficiency and network compatibility.The local attributes included nodal clustering coefficient,nodal shortest length,node efficiency,nodal local efficiency,nodal degree centrality and nodal betweenness centrality.And the correlation between abnormal brain network topology and cognition were explored.Results Compared with the control group,the characteristic path length in ARHL group significantly increased,and the global efficiency and local efficiency significantly decreased(t=3.08,-3.15,-3.30;all P<0.01);the nodal shortest length of the right orbital inferior frontal gyrus increases,while the node efficiency of the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus,bilateral orbital inferior frontal gyrus and left medial superior frontal gyrus decreases,and the nodal degree centrality of the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus,left superior parietal gyrus and left precuneus decreases(t=-4.74-5.19;all P<0.001).The Montreal cognitive assessment score in ARHL group was negatively correlated with the characteristic path length(r=-0.390,P=0.030),and positively correlated with the global efficiency(r=0.390,P=0.030)and the nodal degree centrality value of left precuneus(r=0.466,P=0.008).The mini-mental state examination score was negatively correlated with the characteristic path length(r=-0.473,P=0.007),and with the global efficiency(r=0.473,P=0.007),local efficiency(r=0.408,P=0.023),and the nodal degree centrality value of left precuneus(r=0.363,P=0.363).Conclusion There are abnormalities in the topological properties of the brain network in ARHL,and the abnormal brain regions are mainly distributed in the prefrontal and parietal lobe,among which the abnormal changes in the left precuneus may play a key role in cognitive dysfunction.