Humans ; Lung Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Risk Factors

Humans ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology*

Humans ; Clinical Relevance ; Receptor, trkA/genetics* ; Neoplasms ; Digestive System Neoplasms/genetics* ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics* ; Gene Fusion

Humans ; Fibrinogen ; Liver/pathology* ; Liver Diseases/pathology* ; Metabolic Diseases/pathology*

Full-endoscopic spinal surgery via transforaminal approach (TF-FESS) originated from the minimally invasive techniques of percutaneous interventional treatment of intervertebral disc diseases through posterolateral approach.Thanks to the continuous development and improvement of full-endoscopic equipment alongside surgical instruments and techniques, a developed technical system has been established in discectomy, spinal canal decompression, interbody fusion, etc. The combination of these basic techniques can treat relatively complex degenerative spinal diseases. The core techniques of TF-FESS include percutaneous puncture, foraminoplasty, spinal canal decompression, discectomy, annulus fibrosus suture, interbody fusion. This paper elaborates on the key points of the core techniques, indications, advantages, disadvantages, and prospects of the TF-FESS.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the quality of blood smear examinations for malaria parasites in Chenzhou City, so as to provide insights into sustainable consolidation of malaria elimination achievements. METHODS: All positive blood smears from fever patients were irregularly sampled from each county (district) of Chenzhou City from 2018 to 2022 and reexamined, and no less than 3% negative blood smears were reexamined. The preparation, dyeing, cleanliness and microscopic examination results of blood smear were reexamined, and the quality of blood smear reexaminations was assessed using a descriptive statistical method. RESULTS: A total of 13 625 fever patients received blood smear examinations for malaria parasites in Chenzhou City from 2018 to 2022, of which 21 were positive and 13 604 were negative; 687 blood samples were reviewed, and the percentage of negative blood smear reexaminations was 4.90% (666/13 604), with a 63.51% rate of qualified negative blood smears preparation, a 67.87% rate of qualified dyeing and a 76.13% rate of qualified cleanliness, and no missing diagnosis found. There were 21 positive blood smears reexamined, and the proportions of qualified blood smears preparation, dyeing and cleanliness were all 85.71%, with 2 smears mistaking Plasmodium species (9.52%). The percentage of qualified negative blood smears preparation was 51.41% in 2022, which reduced by 31.61% in relative to that (75.17%) in 2019 (χ² = 9.033, P < 0.05), and the percentage of qualified negative blood smears dyeing was 60.19% in 2022, which reduced by 28.82% in relative to that (84.56%) in 2019 (χ² = 19.498, P < 0.05), while the percentage of qualified negative blood smears cleanliness was 62.96% in 2022, which reduced by 28.93% in relative to that (88.59%) in 2019 (χ² = 23.826, P < 0.001). In addition, there were no significant differences in the proportion of qualified negative blood smears preparation (χ² = 0.260, P > 0.05) or dyeing (χ² = 1.094, P > 0.05) among the three years, while a significant difference was detected in the percentage of qualified negative blood smears cleanliness (χ² = 12.175, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No missing diagnosis was seen in blood smear examinations for malaria parasites among fever patients in Chenzhou City after malaria elimination; however, there were reductions in proportions of qualified blood smears preparation, dyeing and cleanliness. Quality control of blood smear examinations is recommended to be reinforced in key regions of Chenzhou City.
Animals ; Humans ; Parasites ; Malaria/prevention & control* ; Plasmodium ; Fever ; Microscopy

Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, has been suggested as a putative anti-aging molecule for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by the activation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1/Sir2). In this study, we tested the effects of RES and Sirt1/Sir2 on sleep and courtship memory in a Drosophila model by overexpression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), whose duplications and mutations cause familial AD. We found a mild but significant transcriptional increase of Drosophila Sir2 (dSir2) by RES supplementation for up to 17 days in APP flies, but not for 7 days. RES and dSir2 almost completely reversed the sleep and memory deficits in APP flies. We further demonstrated that dSir2 acts as a sleep promotor in Drosophila neurons. Interestingly, RES increased sleep in the absence of dSir2 in dSir2-null mutants, and RES further enhanced sleep when dSir2 was either overexpressed or knocked down in APP flies. Finally, we showed that Aβ aggregates in APP flies were reduced by RES and dSir2, probably via inhibiting Drosophila β-secretase (dBACE). Our data suggest that RES rescues the APP-induced behavioral deficits and Aβ burden largely, but not exclusively, via dSir2.
Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism* ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism* ; Drosophila/physiology* ; Drosophila Proteins/metabolism* ; Resveratrol/pharmacology* ; Sirtuin 1 ; Sleep

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing tumor-specific survival of early-onset locally advanced rectal cancer. Methods: All-age patients with primary locally advanced rectal cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010 to 2019) were included in this study. Early- and late-onset locally advanced rectal cancer was defined according to age of 50 years at diagnosis. Early-onset locally advanced rectal cancer was divided into five age groups for subgroup analyses. Age, sex, tumor-specific survival time and survival status of patients at diagnosis, pathological grade, TNM stage, perineural invasion, tumor deposits, tumor size, pretreatment CEA , radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and number of lymph node dissections were included. Progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed and compared between patients with early- and late-onset rectal cancer. Results: A total of 5,048 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were included in the study (aged 27-70 years): 1,290 (25.55%) patients with early-onset rectal cancer and 3,758 (74.45%) patients with late-onset rectal cancer. Patients with early-onset rectal cancer had a higher rate of perineural invasion (P<0.001), more positive lymph nodes dissected (P<0.001), higher positive lymph node ratios (P<0.001), and a higher proportion receiving preoperative radiotherapy (P=0.002). Patients with early-onset rectal cancer had slightly better short-term survival than those with late-onset rectal cancer (median (IQR ): 54 (33-83) vs 50 (31-79) months, χ²=5.192, P=0.023). Multivariate Cox regression for all patients with locally advanced rectal cancer showed that age (P=0.008), grade of tumor differentiation (P=0.002), pretreatment CEA (P=0.008), perineural invasion (P=0.021), positive number (P=0.004) and positive ratio (P=0.001) of dissected lymph nodes, and sequence of surgery and radiotherapy (P=0.005) influenced PFS. This suggests that the Cox regression results for all patients may not be applicable to patients with early-onset cancer. Cox analysis showed tumor differentiation grade (patients with low differentiation had a higher risk of death, P=0.027), TNM stage (stage III patients had a higher risk of death, P=0.025), T stage (higher risk of death in stage T4, P<0.001), pretreatment CEA (P=0.002), perineural invasion (P<0.001), tumor deposits (P=0.005), number of dissected lymph nodes (patients with removal of 12-20 lymph nodes had a lower risk of death, P<0.001), and positive number of dissected lymph nodes (P<0.001) were independent factors influencing PFS of patients with early-onset locally advanced rectal cancer. Conclusion: Patients with early-onset locally advanced rectal cancer were more likely to have adverse prognostic factors, but an adequate number of lymph node dissections (12-20) resulted in better survival outcomes.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Extranodal Extension/pathology* ; Survival Analysis ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Lymph Nodes/pathology*

Acute Lung Injury ; Animals ; Autophagy ; Explosions ; Lung ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

When facing the worldwide abuse of opioid substance, one of the effective responses is opioid substitution therapy (OST). However, different OST service patterns may affect the therapeutic outcome. Using the System Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model, we can analyze the factors that affecting the outcomes of patients from the perspective work system. In this paper, SEIPS model is used to describe the existing OST service model. According to the operation mechanism of the methadone maintenance treatment in China and the existing OST service model, some suggestions are put forward to carry out effective OST service in the country.
Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects* ; China ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Methadone/therapeutic use* ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Opioid-Related Disorders/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome