Cold tumors have a poor response to tumor immunotherapy due to low immune cell infiltration and the ability to evade immune attacks. Converting cold tumors into hot tumors can enhance the clinical effectiveness of anti-tumor immunotherapy. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) as a non-invasive treatment can damage tumors through mechanical effects, but there is a lack of research on its cytotoxic mechanisms at the cellular level and its role in inducing anti-immune responses. In this study, the role of HIFU in triggering tumor ferroptosis by disrupting the GSH/GSSG balance through mechanochemical action and the associated anti-tumor immune priming effect were investigated. The use of a nano-enhancer loaded with PFOB combined with HIFU could enhance ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer at a specific stage of tumor growth (UTGR = 0) while promoting the conversion of a cold tumor into a hot tumor, thereby improving the immune response. Overall, this provides valuable guidance for the clinical application of HIFU in tumor immunotherapy.

Objective : To evaluate the anti⁃inflammatory effect of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease (TIMP1) on a rat model of irreversible pulpitis. Methods : An irreversible pulpitis model was established by pulp exposure on maxillary first molars of 8 ⁃10 weeks old male rats , and pulpotomy was performed at 24 h , 36 h and 48 h after pulp exposure , with TIMP⁃1 covering the pulp section (TIMP⁃1 group) and saline as control (NS group) . Coronal obturation were performed with glass⁃ionomer cement. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed at 24 and 48 h after administration. Results : Quantitative histopathological analysis of HE⁃stained sections showed that the inflammation score (inflammatory cellular response of the root pulp , morphological changes in root pulp tissue and extent of root pulp necrosis) of the pulp were higher in the TIMP⁃1 group than those in the NS group (P < 0. 001 or P < 0. 01) . Immunofluorescence staining (CD68⁃labeled) sections showed that the intensity of CD68 immunofluorescence was higher in the TIMP⁃1 group than that in the NS group (P < 0. 001) . Conclusion TIMP⁃1 had no anti⁃inflammatory effect in a rat model of irreducible pulpitis and increased the degree of inflammation in the root pulp.

Objective : To evaluate the effect of 2. 5% NaClO solution as irrigating agent on the healing of dental pulp after preservation treatment in rats with inflammatory pulp. Methods : 48 maxillary molars of 24 8 ⁃week⁃old male SD rats were selected and pulpitis models were established by pulp cavity exposure for 24 hours. Then part of the crown pulp was removed and divided into two groups according to different irrigation methods : 2. 5% NaClO flushing group (NaClO) and saline flushing group (NS) . The pulp was covered with iRoot BP Plus and the cavity was sealed with glass ionomer. Four animals in the two groups were killed on the 1st , 7th and 28th day after opera⁃ tion , respectively. And the inflammatory reaction , tissue destruction and hard tissue formation of residual dental pulp tissue were observed and evaluated by histopathology. Results : The pulp inflammatory reaction , tissue de⁃ struction and restorative dentin formation in 2. 5% NaClO irrigation group and saline irrigation group were similar on the 1st , 7th and 28th day after operation , there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion 2. 5% NaClO used as a hemostatic before iRoot BP Plus pulp capping after partial pulpotomy has similar effect with normal saline on the inflammatory pulp model of rats , and does not affect the healing of pulp inflammation.

Objective To investigate the roles of transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 gene polymorphisms in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus(SARS-CoV)infection and the interstitial lung fibrosis after recovered.Methods Sixty-five recovered SARS patients,37 health care workers and 66 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-case study.The association between genetic polymorphisms of TG F-β1 and suscept ibility to SARS or interstitial lung changes after SARS reco,vered was carried out.Polymerase chain reaction-sequencing based typing(PCR-SBT)method was used to determine the polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene at locus+869 and+915.Data were analyzed using t test and chi square test.Results There was no significant association of TGF+β1 gene polymorphisms at locus+869 and+915 in recovered SARS patients,health care workers and heahhy controls.And gene linkage of this two loci was not related with SARS-CoV susceptibility.Furthermore,no association between interstitial lung changes in recovered SARS palients and TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms or genetic linkage of this two loci.Conclusions It may not be related between TGFβ1 gene polymorphisms at locus+869 and+915 and SARS-CoV susceptibility.And interstitial lung changes in recovered SARS patients may not be influenced by TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms.