ObjectiveTo systematically review the effect of dual-task training (DTT) on mobility and balance in stroke patients. MethodsCNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) on DTT in stroke rehabilitation from inception to June, 2025. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the PEDro scale. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. ResultsA total of eleven RCT involving 517 stroke patients were included, and the scores of PEDro scale were four to eight. DTT was more effective on the score of Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity (MD = 3.70, 95%CI 1.88 to 5.53, P < 0.001) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD = 3.04, 95%CI 1.58 to 4.49, P < 0.001), fall incidence (OR = 0.32, 95%CI 0.11 to 0.87, P = 0.025), gait speed under a single-task condition (MD = 0.08, 95%CI 0.03 to 0.12, P = 0.002), gait speed under a dual-task condition (MD = 0.13, 95%CI 0.10 to 0.16, P < 0.001), Timed Up and Go Test time (MD = -2.78, 95%CI -3.85 to -1.72, P < 0.001), and score of modified Barthel Index (MD = 4.77, 95%CI 1.88 to 7.66, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that motor-motor DTT was more effective than cognitive-motor DTT on BBS scores and single-task gait speed. ConclusionsDTT can improve mobility and balance in stroke patients, especially with motor-motor tasks.

Objective The aim of this study was to investi-gate the changes of brain function in patients with drug-naive idiopath-ic epilepsy ( DNIE ) using resting-state functional MRI ( rs-fMRI ) amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation ( ALFF) , analyze the correlation of abnormal brain regions with the clinical variable ( disease course) , and gain a deeper insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of idiopathic epilepsy. Methods This study included 25 cases of DNIE (15 males and 10 females) and 34 cases of drug idiopathic epilepsy (DIE, 22 males and 12 females).Another 25 healthy volunteers matched with the DNIE patients in sex, age, education and handedness were recruited as normal controls.The rs-fMRI data obtained from all the subjects were processed, subjected to ALFF analysis, and compared among the DNIE, DIE, and nor-mal control groups.The correlation was evaluated between the ALFF statistical brain mapping and the course of disease. Results Obvious differences were found in ALFF among the DNIE, DIE and control subjects.Compared with the normal controls, the DNIE pa-tients showed increased ALFF in the right inferior temporal gyrus, right lingual gyrus and right cuneus, but decreased ALFF in the right insula, left hippocampus, right midbrain, right middle frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulated gyrus, left middle cingulate gyrus and right inferior parietal lobule.In comparison with the DIE patients, those of the DNIE group exhibited increased ALFF in the left inferior occipital gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus and left middle occipital gyrus, but decreased ALFF in the right inferior frontal gyrus, left insula, right superior temporal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus.In the DNIE patients, the disease course was found to be correlated positively with ALFF in the right cerebellum posterior lobe, left cerebellar tonsil, right lingual gyrus, left orbital gyrus, left middle oc-cipital gyrus, left corpus callosum, left caudate nuclear, left superior frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus, right precuneus and left middle frontal gyrus, but negatively with ALFF in the right parahippocampal, right superior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and right post-central gyrus. Conclusion The ALFF of resting-state cerebral function is abnormal in DNIE patients.The correlation between ALFF and the clinical variable ( disease course) provides a new insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy.