ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanisms related to angiogenesis during the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy （DR）. MethodsAngiogenesis-related genes were obtained from the Gencard website and intersected with differentially expressed genes from DR datasets （GSE60436 and GSE94019）. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction （PPI） networks were then used to screen candidate genes and evaluate their diagnostic value. Gene set enrichment analysis （GSEA） was used to explore potential pathways underlying candidate genes， and immune infiltration analysis revealed associations between candidate genes and immune cells. Cellular experiments were conducted to validate the role of fibronectin 1 （FN1） in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells （HRMECs） under high glucose （HG） conditions. ResultsA total of 237 differentially expressed genes related to angiogenesis were identified， enriched in pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway （PI3K-Akt）， tumor suppressor protein 53 （P53）， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）， and Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway （STAT）. Among them， collagen type I alpha 1 chain （COL1A1）， COL1A2， FN1， TNF， and tumor protein p53 （TP53） were key genes with high diagnostic value. GSEA indicated that these genes were involved in multiple signaling pathways， including P53. CIBERSORTx analysis revealed significant associations with the infiltration of multiple immune cells. HG treatment led to the upregulation of FN1. In HG-induced HRMECs， compared with the si-NC control group， si-FN1 significantly reduced cell proliferation， migration， and tube formation， while P53 protein expression was increased. ConclusionThis study reveals the important role of FN1 in angiogenesis in DR and suggests that it may be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode human infections in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of soil-transmitted nematodiasis control strategies and evaluation of soil-transmitted nematodiasis control effectiveness. Methods There were 10 surveillance points established in Hubei Province for soil-transmitted nematodiasis each year from 2016 to 2023. The surveillance points were divided into eastern, western, southern, northern and central regions according to geographical locations, and one administrative village was sampled from a township in each region as a surveillance point. Then, at least 200 permanent residents at ages of over 3 years were randomly sampled at each point, with at least 1 000 individuals sampled. Soil-transmitted nematode infection was detected using a modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (two slides for one stool sample), and Enterobius vermicularis infection was additionally detected with a cellophane tape test among children at ages of 3 to 9 years. The prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode human infections was descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 80 547 individuals underwent surveillance for soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023, and a total of 262 individuals were detected with soil-transmitted nematode infections, including two cases with mixed infections, yielding an overall prevalence rate of 0.33% (262/80 547). The prevalence rates of hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and E. vermicularis infections were 0.02% (20/80 547), 0.07% (55/80 547), 0.02% (15/80 547) and 0.22% (174/80 547), respectively, appearing a parasite species-specific prevalence rate (χ² = 250.235, P < 0.05), and the prevalence rates of soil-transmitted nematode infections were 0.50%(51/10271),0.37%(34/9120),0.39%(39/10099),0.40%(41/10168), 0.36% (37/10 234), 0.45% (46/10 211), 0.03% (3/10 238) and 0.11% (11/10 206) in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023, respectively, showing a year-specific prevalence rate (χ² = 60.589, P < 0.05). Soil-transmitted nematode infections were detected across 36 surveillance points, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode infections among surveillance points (0.02% to 3.30%, P < 0.001). In addition, the differences in prevalence rates of human soil-transmitted nematode infection among different age groups (χ² = 531.091, P < 0.05), occupations (P < 0.001), and education levels (P < 0.001) were all statistically significant. Among these, the children at ages of 3 to 9 years old (1.40%, 174/12 461), nursery-school children (1.69%, 90/5 312) and preschool-aged children (1.56%, 93/5 969) were relatively high. Conclusions The overall prevalence of soil-transmitted nematodiasis was low in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023; however, the prevalence varied across regions and among populations, with E. vermicularis as the predominant species of soil-transmitted nematode. Soil-transmitted nematodiasis control should be given a high priority in key areas in Hubei Province, and preschool children, primary school students, and individuals with a low educational level are recommended as key target populations for health education and interventions.

ObjectiveTo explore the ameliorative effect of the endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid （4-PBA） on bile acid metabolism disorders induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide （LPS） in late-pregnant mice， and to clarify the regulatory mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS） in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy （ICP）. MethodsTwenty-four pregnant mice were divided into control group， LPS group， 4-PBA group， and LPS+4-PBA group. On the 16th day of pregnancy， the LPS group received intraperitoneal injection of LPS （200 μg/kg） and the 4-PBA group received injection of 4-PBA （150 mg/kg）. In the LPS+4-PBA group， 4-PBA was intraperitoneally injected first， followed by LPS administration 1 h later. Serum total bile acid （TBA）， liver injury markers， bile acid profiles， and the expression of key genes and proteins were detected 6 h after LPS treatment. ResultsLPS exposure increased serum TBA levels in pregnant mice（P<0.05）， activated ERS markers and inflammatory factors， and downregulated bile acid transporters and the expression of the rate limiting enzyme CYP7A1（all P<0.05）. 4-PBA intervention effectively inhibited ERS， reduced TBA levels（P<0.05）， and upregulated Ntcp， Bsep， Mdr3， and Mrp3 gene expression（all P<0.05）. ConclusionERS plays an important role in LPS interference with the homeostasis of bile acid metabolism during pregnancy. Inhibiting ERS can improve bile stasis by regulating bile acid transporters， providing a theoretical basis for targeted therapy of ICP.

Objective To provide technical support for the formulation of scientific and reasonable supervision measures for enterprises engaged in the exploitation and utilization of ores with associated radionuclides in Guangxi Province, China. Methods A radionuclide analysis was performed on solid materials generated during production processes such as zirconium-titanium ore dressing and processing in multiple enterprises in Guangxi Province. The radiation levels of effluents was measured. Measurement and analysis were performed on the environmental air radon concentration levels and environmental γ-radiation dose rates at the factory boundaries of these enterprises and the surrounding environmental protection targets. Results The air absorption dose rate of γ radiation, the concentrations of radon and its daughters, and the radiation levels of surface water and aerosols at the factory boundaries and in the surrounding environment were all at normal levels. The specific activities of nuclides ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ²²⁶Ra in the raw ore, zirconium products, rutile products, and monazite products within the factory area were relatively high. The γ radiation air absorption dose rates in the corresponding workshops were also relatively high, with the zirconium-rutile workshop being the area with the highest values. Materials such as zirconium products, rutile, and monazite all showed a certain amount of radon exhalation. Conclusion The radiation level of tailings met the criteria of monitoring exemption, and the enterprises did not generate radioactive solid waste. Attention should be paid to the personal dose of the staff in areas with high radiation dose rates.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of Xuanshen Yishen Decoction (XYD) in the treatment of hypertension. METHODS: Hospital electronic medical records from 2019-2023 were utilized to emulate a randomized pragmatic clinical trial. Hypertensive participants were eligible if they were aged ⩾40 years with baseline systolic blood pressure (BP) ⩾140 mm Hg. Patients treated with XYD plus antihypertensive regimen were assigned to the treatment group, whereas those who followed only antihypertensive regimen were assigned to the control group. The primary outcome assessed was the attainment rate of intensive BP control at discharge, with the secondary outcome focusing on the 6-month all-cause readmission rate. RESULTS: The study included 3,302 patients, comprising 2,943 individuals in the control group and 359 in the treatment group. Compared with the control group, a higher proportion in the treatment group achieved the target BP for intensive BP control [8.09% vs. 17.5%; odds ratio (OR)=2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.68 to 3.13; P<0.001], particularly in individuals with high homocysteine levels (OR=3.13; 95% CI=1.72 to 5.71; P<0.001; P for interaction=0.041). Furthermore, the 6-month all-cause readmission rate in the treatment group was lower than in the control group (hazard ratio=0.58; 95% CI=0.36 to 0.91; P=0.019), and the robustness of the results was confirmed by sensitivity analyse. CONCLUSIONS XYD could be a complementary therapy for intensive BP control. Our study offers real-world evidence and guides the choice of complementary and alternative therapies. (Registration No. ChiCTR2400086589).
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology* ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Hypertension/physiopathology* ; Patient Readmission ; Treatment Outcome

This study investigated the effect of Wuling San on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in human renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2) and its mechanism of antioxidant stress injury. HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into a control group, a TGF-β1 model group, and three treatment groups receiving Wuling San-containing serum at low(2.5%), medium(5.0%), and high(10.0%) doses. TGF-β1 was used to establish the model in all groups except the control group. CCK-8 was used to analyze the effect of different concentrations of Wuling San on the activity of HK-2 cells with or without TGF-β1 stimulation. The expression of key fibrosis molecules, including actin alpha 2(Acta2), collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain(Col1α1), collagen type Ⅲ alpha 1 chain(Col3α1), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1(Timp1), and fibronectin 1(Fn1), was detected using qPCR. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), and interleukin-4(IL-4), were measured using ELISA kits. Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), malondialdehyde(MDA), catalase(CAT), and superoxide dismutase(SOD) biochemical kits were used to analyze the effect of Wuling San on TGF-β1-induced oxidative stress injury in HK-2 cells, and the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1) was analyzed by qPCR and immunofluorescence. The CCK-8 results indicated that the optimal administration concentrations of Wuling San were 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10.0%. Compared with the control group, the TGF-β1 model group showed significantly increased levels of key fibrosis molecules(Acta2, Col1α1, Col3α1, Timp1, and Fn1) and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-4). In contrast, the Wuling San administration groups were able to dose-dependently inhibit the expression levels of key fibrosis molecules and inflammatory cytokines compared with the TGF-β1 model group. Wuling San significantly increased the activities of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD enzymes in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells and significantly inhibited the level of MDA. Furthermore, compared with the control group, the TGF-β1 model group exhibited a significant reduction in the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 genes and proteins. After Wuling San intervention, the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 genes and proteins was significantly increased. Correlation analysis showed that antioxidant stress enzymes(GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD) and Nrf2 signaling were significantly negatively correlated with key fibrosis molecules and inflammatory cytokines in the TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cell model. In conclusion, Wuling San can inhibit TGF-β1-induced fibrosis in HK-2 cells by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, improving oxidative stress injury, and reducing inflammation.
Humans ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism* ; Fibrosis/genetics* ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Epithelial Cells/immunology* ; Inflammation/metabolism*

Medical cross-modal retrieval aims to achieve semantic similarity search between different modalities of medical cases, such as quickly locating relevant ultrasound images through ultrasound reports, or using ultrasound images to retrieve matching reports. However, existing medical cross-modal hash retrieval methods face significant challenges, including semantic and visual differences between modalities and the scalability issues of hash algorithms in handling large-scale data. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a Medical image Semantic Alignment Cross-modal Hashing based on Transformer (MSACH). The algorithm employed a segmented training strategy, combining modality feature extraction and hash function learning, effectively extracting low-dimensional features containing important semantic information. A Transformer encoder was used for cross-modal semantic learning. By introducing manifold similarity constraints, balance constraints, and a linear classification network constraint, the algorithm enhanced the discriminability of the hash codes. Experimental results demonstrated that the MSACH algorithm improved the mean average precision (MAP) by 11.8% and 12.8% on two datasets compared to traditional methods. The algorithm exhibits outstanding performance in enhancing retrieval accuracy and handling large-scale medical data, showing promising potential for practical applications.
Algorithms ; Semantics ; Humans ; Ultrasonography ; Information Storage and Retrieval/methods* ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods*

Online hashing methods are receiving increasing attention in cross modal medical image retrieval research. However, existing online methods often lack the learning ability to maintain semantic correlation between new and existing data. To this end, we proposed online semantic similarity cross-modal hashing (OSCMH) learning framework to incrementally learn compact binary hash codes of medical stream data. Within it, a sparse representation of existing data based on online anchor datasets was designed to avoid semantic forgetting of the data and adaptively update hash codes, which effectively maintained semantic correlation between existing and arriving data and reduced information loss as well as improved training efficiency. Besides, an online discrete optimization method was proposed to solve the binary optimization problem of hash code by incrementally updating hash function and optimizing hash code on medical stream data. Compared with existing online or offline hashing methods, the proposed algorithm achieved average retrieval accuracy improvements of 12.5% and 14.3% on two datasets, respectively, effectively enhancing the retrieval efficiency in the field of medical images.
Semantics ; Humans ; Algorithms ; Information Storage and Retrieval/methods* ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods*