Objective To investigate the effect of neferine(Nef)on the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells under abnormal mechanical stretch stress and its related mechanism.Methods Rat nucleus pulposus cells were subjected to cyclic mechanical stretch stress using Flexcell-5000T tension system,and different concentrations of Nef(6.25,12.5,25 μmol/L)and acetylcysteine(NAC,2 mmol/L)were used to intervention cells.CCK-8 was used to detect cell proliferation activity;Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining was used to observe the morphological changes of the nucleus;Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis level;Biochemical kits were used to detect the levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in the supernatant,malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the cells;Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins,including Bax,Bcl-2,apoptotic protease activating factor-1(Apaf-1),Cleaved-caspase 9,Cleaved-caspase 3,as well as extracellular matrix-associated proteins aggrecan cartilage proteoglycan(Aggrecan),collagen type Ⅱ alpha 1 chain(COL2A1),matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3),and antioxidant signaling pathway proteins nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to detect the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells.JC-1 staining was used to detect the level of mitochondrial membrane potential in cells.Results The apoptosis rates of nucleus pulposus cells in the control group and the 5%,10%,15%,and 20%tensile strain groups were(6.69±0.37)%,(8.24±0.33)%,(14.45±0.65)%,(30.48±0.78)%,and(43.06±1.32)%,respectively.Compared with the control group,exposure to 5%,10%,15%,and 20%mechanical stretch stress significantly increased the apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus cells,the level of LDH in the supernatant,and the levels of ROS and MDA within the cells(P<0.05).Additionally,the levels of SOD and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Simultaneously,the protein expression levels of Bax,Apaf-1,Cleaved-caspase 9,and Cleaved-caspase 3 were markedly upregulated(P<0.05),while the expression level of Bcl-2 protein was downregulated(P<0.05).The apoptosis rates of nucleus pulposus cells in the 15%stretch group,15%stretch+6.25 μmol/L Nef,15%stretch+12.5 μmol/L Nef,and 15%stretch+25 μmol/L Nef groups were(29.74±1.03)%,(25.09±0.67)%,(20.57±0.45)%,and(16.06±0.52)%,respectively.Compared with the 15%stretch group,treatment with 6.25,12.5,and 25 μmol/L Nef significantly reduced the apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus cells,as well as the levels of LDH in the supernatant and intracellular ROS and MDA(P<0.05);Conversely,the SOD activity and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly enhanced(P<0.05);Additionally,the protein expression levels of Bax,Apaf-1,Cleaved-caspase 9,Cleaved-caspase 3 and MMP-3 were markedly decreased(P<0.05),while the expression level of Bcl-2,Aggrecan,COL2A1,Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased(P<0.05);Notably,the combination of 25 μmol/L Nef and NAC intervention exhibited a more pronounced effect on inhibiting apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells induced by abnormal mechanical stretch stress(P<0.05).Conclusion Neferine can inhibit the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells induced by abnormal mechanical stretch stress,potentially through scavenging ROS and inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.

Sj?gren's syndrome(SS)is one of the common rheumatic diseases in clinical practice.Modern medicine commonly uses drugs such as artificial tears,saliva,glucocorticoids,immunosuppressants,and biologics to control the condition.Clinical practice has shown that in addition to modern medical basic treatment,the use of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can help improve the clinical efficacy of SS.According to the symptoms and signs of Sj?gren's syndrome in TCM,it is classified as"dryness and obstruction",and the core pathogenesis of the disease is spleen deficiency and deficiency of body fluids.Subsequently,toxic and pathogenic factors gather,leading to the decline of internal organs.The initial causes are spleen damage,unstable barrier,and invasion of pathogenic factors.The core link is spleen dysfunction,insufficient body fluid,and dryness arising from it.Spleen deficiency generates evil,obstruction of qi,and lack of body fluids are the root causes of illness.The main treatment method is the"spleen strengthening method",which treats spleen deficiency,dampness and stagnation,and the body fluid is not distributed.The treatment focuses on strengthening the spleen and qi,supplementing the lungs and generating fluids.Spleen deficiency leads to loss of vitality,blood stasis obstructs blood vessels,and the treatment is to strengthen the spleen,soothe the liver,remove blood stasis,and unblock the orifices.The spleen yang is not vigorous,and qi transformation is impaired.The treatment is to invigorate the spleen and warm the stomach,promote yang circulation,and promote diuresis.

Objective To comprehensively and systematically evaluate the clinical effect of Chuanzhi Tongluo capsule combined with western medical treatment in patients with cerebral infarction using meta-analysis.Methods Domestic databases were searched,including China Knowledge Network,Wanfang,and Wipu databases,and foreign databases were mainly PubMed.The qualified literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and was evaluated using the software of RevMan5.3 and Stata14.0 after quality assessment.Results Eight randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the combination of Chuanzhi Tongluo capsule and western medicine were included,with a total of 728 patients with cerebral infarction,among which 365 cases were in the group of Chuanzhi Tongluo capsule combined with western medicine and 363 cases were in the group of western medicine alone.The results were analyzed in terms of the total effective rate,neurological deficit score such as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),daily living scores,such as the Barthel Index and Activities of Daily Living(ADL)scores and inflammation level(Inflammatory mediator IL-6,ultrasensitive C-reactive protein)as the outcome indexes.Meta-analysis results showed that the total effective rate[95%CI,1.18(1.12,1.25),P<0.00001],neurological function impairment score[95%CI,-1.37(-2.08,-0.67),P=0.0001],daily life score[95%,0.88(0.51,1.25),P<0.00001],and inflammation level[95%CI,-0.75(-0.96,-0.54),P<0.00001]were better than those of the control group and showed significant differences.The incidence of adverse events[95%CI,0.89(0.37,2.15),P=0.80],and the difference was not statistically significant with that of western medicine treatment alone.Conclusion Compared with the control group which only used western medicine,the treatment effect of Chuanzhi Tongluo capsule combined with western medicine in the treatment of cerebral infarction is more significant,and the combined treatment can improve the neurological function of the patients,enhance the quality of daily life,and reduce the level of inflammation more effectively.

Objective To study the regulatory effect of Qufeng Xiaodian Formula on serum differential metabolites of allergic purpura,and provide scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic purpura in traditional Chinese medicine.Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into a blank control group(referred to as the blank group),a model group,a compound glycyrrhizin group,a low-dose Qu Feng Xiao Dian Fang group,a medium dose Qu Feng Xiao Dian Fang group,and a high-dose Qu Feng Xiao Dian Fang group according to a random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.The model group was constructed by combining dried ginger,pepper,and long pepper with ovalbumin to create an allergic purpura rat model.After successful modeling,each treatment group was intervened with corresponding drugs for 4 weeks.After 4 weeks,serum was collected and non targeted metabolomics screening of serum differential metabolites was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer(UPLC-QTOF/MS).Subsequently,data extraction and multivariate statistical analysis will be conducted to identify potential metabolic pathways.Results Compared with the control group,there were 91 possible differential metabolites in the serum of the model group rats,corresponding to 20 metabolic pathways;Compared with the model group,there were a total of 43 possible differential metabolites in the serum of rats in the wind dispelling and disease eliminating group,corresponding to 15 metabolic pathways.Among them,there are a total of 12 metabolic pathways.Inflammatory metabolites such as arachidonic acid and ceramide can damage vascular endothelium.Ten biomarkers,including arachidonic acid and ceramide,were significantly abnormal in the serum of the model group rats compared to the normal group.The Qufeng Xiaodian formula can significantly reverse these metabolites and significantly enrich them in arachidonic acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism pathways.Conclusion Qufeng Xiaodian Formula has a certain regulatory effect on metabolites such as arachidonic acid and ceramide that affect vascular endothelial injury.

With the widespread application of information technology in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),the data in the TCM domain is becoming increasingly rich.The emergence of data-driven research in TCM has utilized knowledge graphs for the management,analysis,and presentation of TCM data,becoming a crucial method for the inheritance and innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Therefore,reasoning based on TCM knowledge graphs has become a hot topic in contemporary TCM research.In order to better utilize knowledge graph reasoning technology to promote innovation and development in TCM,this article,after providing an overview of TCM knowledge graph reasoning,focuses on the development of knowledge graph reasoning in TCM and its applications from three perspectives:logic rule-based,distributed representation,and neural network-based methods.Finally,the article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of knowledge reasoning methods and provides prospects for research and applications in TCM knowledge graph reasoning,including studies on interpretability,temporal knowledge graphs,and the fusion of multimodal information.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a malignant tumor formed in the colon or rectum,usually caused by uncontrolled growth and division of normal cells in the body.Cell apoptosis,pyroptosis,and necroptosis are key pathways of cell death in colorectal cancer.The comprehensive treatment strategy includes the synergistic effect of cell death inducers with chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and targeted therapy.Traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role as an adjuvant therapy in regulating cell death.The combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine has shown significant effects in precancerous lesions,improving efficacy,reducing adverse reactions,and reducing drug resistance.Although the research on the mechanism of cell death is not yet sufficient,emphasizing the unique characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine,clarifying the anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine,and achieving modern scientific internationalization of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment for colorectal cancer have become future research directions.This article will comprehensively review the molecular mechanisms of cell apoptosis,pyroptosis,and necroptosis from the perspective of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine,as well as their regulatory role in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Gut microbiota is the microbial community that is specifically planted in the human gut and interacts with the human body.It plays an important role in the human body by regulating the basal metabolism and immunity of the host to maintain the homeostasis of the human body.Once the intestinal flora is dysregulated,it can lead to multi-system diseases.Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an organ-specific autoimmune disease.The pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is complex and its incidence is increasing year by year,which is gradually becoming a serious public health disease affecting the world.In recent years,the relationship between gut microbiota and bridge onychitis has received extensive attention.A large number of studies have shown that the richness and diversity of intestinal flora in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients are changed compared with healthy people.Studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine therapy can play a role in treating this disease by regulating intestinal flora.This article systematically summarizes the relationship between the two and the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of bridge onychitis by regulating intestinal flora,so as to provide some reference for research in this field.

Objective To explore the relationship between the inhibitory effect of quercetin on AC16 cardiomyocyte proliferation and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,the relationship between quercetin(quercetin,QCT)and the proliferation of AC16 cardiomyocytes through in vitro was investigated.Methods AC16 cells were stimulated with different concentrations of QCT.The effects of QCT on AC16 cell proliferation were detected by inverted microscope photography,trypan blue counting,and CCK-8 assay.Western blot was used to detect the effects of QCT on the expression of phosphorylated β-catenin(p-β-catenin),c-Myc,β-catenin,low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5(LRP5),and LRP6.The effect of quercetin on cell proliferation was detected after overexpressing β-catenin ΔN,LRP5,and LRP6 genes,and after silencing LRP5 and LRP6 genes by trypan blue counting.Results Compared with the control group,QCT could decrease the number of AC16 cells and inhibit the proliferation rate,which was concentration-dependent.At the protein expression level,10 and 20 μmol/L QCT led to an significant upregulated modification of p-β-catenin protein(P<0.05)and significant downregulation of c-Myc,β-catenin,LRP5,and LRP6 protein expression(P<0.05)in AC16 cells.Therefore,10 μmol/L QCT was chosen as the intervention concentration.Overexpression of β-catenin ΔN,LRP5,and LRP6 genes in AC16 cells significantly rescued the cell proliferation inhibition caused by 10 μmol/L QCT compared to the drug-only group(P<0.05).Conversely,silencing LRP5 and LRP6 genes led to inhibition of AC16 cell proliferation,and the combination with 10 μmol/L QCT did not exacerbate the inhibition(P>0.05).Conclusion The quercetin could inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via significant downregulation of LRP5/6,thereby attenuate cell proliferation of AC16 cardiomyocytes.

The research status and common methods of the Four Tantras are summarized by bibliographic methods.The"philosophy,biology,society,geography,psychology and medicine"model of Tibetan medicine inheritance innovation in the Four Tantras was used to explore the historical necessity of interdisciplinary integration of the Four Tantras.It combines the latest technology and methods at the forefront of systems science,philosophical science,psychological science,astronomy,biological science,geographic science,ecological science,medical science,as well as modern biotechnology and digital technology into the innovation of Tibetan medical heritage.It is also put forward the idea of multidisciplinary intersection and large integration research of the Four Tantras and Tibetan medicine,as well as a new paradigm of systematic Tibetan medicine research that reflects a systemic and holistic view.The culture,theoretical basis and scientific connotation of Tibetan medicine contained in the Four Tantras are preliminarily clarified,which provides basic ideas for the inheritance and innovation of Tibetan medicine.

Objective To explore the relevant factors affecting the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating MG,and to develop and validate a nomogram model,in order to personalize the prediction of the probability of benefits for MG patients after traditional Chinese medicine treatment,further guide clinical physicians in targeted medication,and provide guidance for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of MG.Method Retrospective analysis of MG patients who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2018 to June 2022,13 clinical factors were selected to evaluate the results.To acquire independent factors,univariate and multivariate Logistic analyses were performed.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve,Harrell's concordance index,calibration curve,and decision curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive ability,accuracy,and clinical practicability of the prediction model.Results A total of 204 cases were included,divided into derivation cohort 139 cases and temporal validation cohort 65 cases.Multivariate Logistic regression showed 4 independent predictors affecting effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in treating MG,including age at onset,repetitive nerve stimulation positive,oral immunosuppressant and anxiety/depression.AUC values for the model group and validation group were 0.76(95%CI:0.68-0.84)and 0.83(95%CI:0.71-0.95),respectively,and based on calibration curve and decision curve analysis,we concluded that the nomogram showed excellent performance.Conclusion MG patients may experience a decrease in short-term efficacy with age,positive RNS,concomitant emotional abnormalities,or recent history of immunosuppressive therapy.This nomogram effectively predicts the possibility of short-term effective traditional Chinese medicine treatment in MG patients.