1.Myopia Management Consensus Statement in South Korean Children 2025 by the Korean Myopia Society for the Korean Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Yeon-Hee LEE ; Jae Yun SUNG ; Sun Young SHIN ; Young-Woo SUH ; Ungsoo Samuel KIM ; Hyunkyung KIM ; Kyung-Ah PARK ; Su Jin KIM ; MiRae KIM ; Hyun Jin SHIN ; Kyeong Wook LEE ; Haeng-Jin LEE ; So Young HAN ; Jinu HAN ; Eun Hee HONG ; Seung-Hee Hannah BAEK ; Hae Jung PAIK ;
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology 2026;40(2):185-205
Myopia, particularly high myopia, is a significant risk factor for several ocular pathologies including cataract, glaucoma, and retinal detachment. Excessive axial elongation associated with high myopia can induce biomechanical stretching, increasing the risk of serious complications like posterior staphyloma and myopic maculopathy. Global meta-analyses estimate that approximately 10 million people were visually impaired due to myopic maculopathy in 2015, with 3 million being blind. Recent nationwide surveys in South Korea revealed a prevalence of 65.4% for myopia and 6.9% for high myopia in children and adolescents, highlighting the urgent need for effective management. Delaying the onset and slowing the progression of myopia during childhood and adolescence is crucial for reducing the potential lifetime risk of these complications. This consensus statement, prepared by the Korean Myopia Society for the Korean Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (KAPOS), reviews the current evidence for myopia control interventions and provides management strategies applicable to the South Korean clinical setting. Key interventions covered include lifestyle modifications (outdoor time, near work adjustment), optical methods (myopia-control spectacle lenses, dual-focus soft contact lenses, orthokeratology), and pharmacologic treatment (low-concentration atropine), as well as combination therapies. The statement also addresses patient selection, treatment outcome evaluation using spherical equivalent and axial length changes, and the crucial aspects related to treatment cessation and the rebound effect.
2.Associated factors of osteoporosis and the impact of osteoporosis on all-cause mortality in incident hemodialysis older patients
Seunghye LEE ; Yoomee KANG ; Yu Ah HONG ; Sung Joon SHIN ; Soon Hyo KWON ; Sungjin CHUNG ; Young Youl HYUN ; Sang Heon SONG ; Jae Won YANG ; Won Min HWANG ; Jang-Hee CHO ; Kyung Don YOO ; In O SUN ; Gang-Jee KO ; Byung Chul YU ; Hyunsuk KIM ; Woo Yeong PARK ; Tae Won LEE ; Dong Jun PARK ; Eunjin BAE ;
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2026;45(1):110-119
Background:
With the aging population and advancements in medical care worldwide, the number of older patients with end-stage kidney disease continues to rise. This study aimed to identify factors associated with osteoporosis and osteopenia in older patients undergoing incident hemodialysis and assess their impact on mortality.
Methods:
We analyzed a large multicenter retrospective cohort of patients aged ≥70 years undergoing incident hemodialysis to identify factors associated with osteoporosis using logistic regression analysis and to assess the association of death with osteoporosis and osteopenia using Cox multivariable analysis.
Results:
Among 710 patients, 39.0% and 19.6% had osteoporosis and osteopenia, respectively. Osteoporosis was significantly associated with female sex, a history of fractures, and the absence of phosphate binder use. During a median follow-up of 36.8 months, 348 participants (58.8%) died. Mortality rates were the highest in the osteoporosis group (79.8%), followed by the osteopenia (77.2%) and normal bone mineral density (BMD) groups (35.2%). Cox regression analysis revealed that even after adjusting for covariates, the osteoporosis group was significantly associated with a higher mortality risk than the normal BMD group. Osteoporosis at the start of hemodialysis was significantly associated with higher mortality.
Conclusion
We should consider the importance of bone health in patients undergoing incident hemodialysis and pay attention to the use of phosphate binders and fracture prevention.
3.Impact of obesity on renal function in elderly Korean adults: a national population-based cohort study
Jihyun YANG ; Hui Seung LEE ; Chi-Yeon LIM ; Hyunsuk KIM ; Sungjin CHUNG ; Soon Hyo KWON ; Jang-Hee CHO ; Kyung Don YOO ; Woo Yeong PARK ; In O SUN ; Byung Chul YU ; Gang-Jee KO ; Jae Won YANG ; Won Min HWANG ; Sang Heon SONG ; Sung Joon SHIN ; Yu Ah HONG ; Eunjin BAE ; Young Youl HYUN
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2026;45(1):65-76
Background:
Obesity is a well-known risk factor for chronic kidney disease and its progression. However, the impact of obesity on the renal function of the elderly population is uncertain. We investigated the association between obesity and renal outcomes in the elderly.
Methods:
We analyzed 130,504 participants from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort. Obesity was classified according to body mass index (BMI), sex-specific waist circumference (WC), and the presence of metabolic syndrome. The primary outcome was renal function decline, defined as a decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of at least 50% from baseline or new-onset end-stage renal disease.
Results:
During a follow-up period of 559,531.1 person-years (median, 4.3 years), 2,486 participants (19.0%; incidence rate of 4.44 per 1,000 person-years) showed renal function decline. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that BMI/WC was not associated with renal function decline. However, the group with metabolic syndrome had a significantly increased risk of renal function decline compared to the group without metabolic syndrome (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–1.36). Compared with the non-metabolic syndrome group, the adjusted HRs (95% CI) for participants with one through five components were 0.96 (0.84–1.11), 1.10 (0.96–1.27), 1.24 (1.06–1.45), 1.37 (1.12–1.66), and 1.99 (1.42–2.79), respectively (p for trend < 0.001).
Conclusion
In elderly Korean adults, metabolic syndrome and the number of its components were associated with a higher risk of renal function decline, but BMI or WC was not significant.
4.Association Between Lipid-Lowering Drug Use and Sarcopenia: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Ah-Reum SHIN ; Keun-Gyu PARK ; Sung-Woo KIM
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis 2026;15(1):151-160
Objective:
Lipid-lowering drugs are known to cause various muscle-related side effects;however, it remains unclear whether their use contributes to reduced muscle mass and sarcopenia. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the use of lipid-lowering drugs and both muscle mass and the prevalence of sarcopenia.
Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from 18,668 adults aged ≥20 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011.Sarcopenia was defined based on appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The association between hyperlipidemia medication and the prevalence of sarcopenia was estimated using complex samples logistic regression.
Results:
Patients with hyperlipidemia exhibited lower ASM/wt than those without hyperlipidemia. After adjusting for potential confounders, including current lipid profiles, ASM/wt did not differ significantly between the general population and hyperlipidemic patients not receiving medication. However, individuals taking lipid-lowering drugs demonstrated significantly lower ASM/wt. This trend was mirrored in sarcopenia prevalence, with odds ratios of 2.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.95–4.28) in men and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.26–2.24) in women (p<0.01 for both). Notably, only participants on lipid-lowering drugs showed a progressive decline in ASM/wt and an increased risk of sarcopenia with longer duration of hyperlipidemia.
Conclusion
These results suggest that the use of lipid-lowering drugs may contribute to a decrease in muscle mass and a higher risk of sarcopenia. However, the generalizability of these results is limited, and further longitudinal studies are required to confirm the association.
6.Implant–supported fixed prosthesis for orthognathic surgery in ectodermal dysplasia: a case report
Yeon-Ah SHIN ; Ji-Eun MOON ; Se-Ha KANG ; Chan-Ik PARK ; Yoon-Joo BAE ; Min-Seok OH ; Woo-Jin JEON ; Na-Ra KANG ; Min-Jung BAEK
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 2025;63(1):20-30
Patients with ectodermal dysplasia often have atrophied alveolar bone and an inadequate maxillomandibular relationship owing to congenital edentulism.Accurate implant placement that can overcomes anatomical limitations and orthognathic surgery to improve the maxillomandibular relationship is necessary for creating implant-supported prosthesis for these patients. Implant placement and provisional prosthesis fabrication before orthognathic surgery can provide critical fixed reference points and ensure accuracy during orthognathic surgery.In our patient, a digital system was used to design a surgical guide that considered the predictable position of the definitive prosthesis, allowing the placement of implants to overcome anatomical limitations and the creation of fixed reference points via the delivery of a provisional prosthesis for effective orthognathic surgery. The lack of compensation during orthognathic surgery was considered in the definitive prosthesis. As a result, a prosthesis with a minimal anterior cantilever was fabricated. This study aimed to determine the appropriate sequence of multidisciplinary collaborations that would, result in the best functional and aesthetic outcomes.
7.Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters During Turning and Imbalance in Parkinson’s Disease: Video-Based Analysis From a Single Camera
HoYoung JEON ; Jung Hwan SHIN ; Ri YU ; Min Kyung KANG ; Seungmin LEE ; Seoyeon KIM ; Bora JIN ; Kyung Ah WOO ; Han-Joon KIM ; Beomseok JEON
Journal of Movement Disorders 2025;18(1):87-92
Objective:
This study aims to objectively evaluate turning gait parameters in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients using 2D-RGB video-based analysis and explore their relationships with imbalance.
Methods:
We prospectively enrolled PD patients for clinical assessment, balance analysis and gait with 180º turning. Spatiotemporal gait parameters during turning were derived using video-based analysis and correlated with modified Hoehn and Yahr (mHY) stages and center of pressure (COP) oscillations.
Results:
A total of 64 PD patients were enrolled. The PD patients with higher mHY stages (≥2.5) had significantly longer turning times, greater numbers of steps, wider step bases and less variability in step length during turns. COP oscillations were positively correlated with the mean turning time on both the anterior-posterior and right-left axes.
Conclusion
Spatiotemporal gait parameter during turning, derived from video-based gait analysis, may represent apromising biomarker for monitoring postural instability in PD patients.
8.Implant–supported fixed prosthesis for orthognathic surgery in ectodermal dysplasia: a case report
Yeon-Ah SHIN ; Ji-Eun MOON ; Se-Ha KANG ; Chan-Ik PARK ; Yoon-Joo BAE ; Min-Seok OH ; Woo-Jin JEON ; Na-Ra KANG ; Min-Jung BAEK
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 2025;63(1):20-30
Patients with ectodermal dysplasia often have atrophied alveolar bone and an inadequate maxillomandibular relationship owing to congenital edentulism.Accurate implant placement that can overcomes anatomical limitations and orthognathic surgery to improve the maxillomandibular relationship is necessary for creating implant-supported prosthesis for these patients. Implant placement and provisional prosthesis fabrication before orthognathic surgery can provide critical fixed reference points and ensure accuracy during orthognathic surgery.In our patient, a digital system was used to design a surgical guide that considered the predictable position of the definitive prosthesis, allowing the placement of implants to overcome anatomical limitations and the creation of fixed reference points via the delivery of a provisional prosthesis for effective orthognathic surgery. The lack of compensation during orthognathic surgery was considered in the definitive prosthesis. As a result, a prosthesis with a minimal anterior cantilever was fabricated. This study aimed to determine the appropriate sequence of multidisciplinary collaborations that would, result in the best functional and aesthetic outcomes.
9.Implant–supported fixed prosthesis for orthognathic surgery in ectodermal dysplasia: a case report
Yeon-Ah SHIN ; Ji-Eun MOON ; Se-Ha KANG ; Chan-Ik PARK ; Yoon-Joo BAE ; Min-Seok OH ; Woo-Jin JEON ; Na-Ra KANG ; Min-Jung BAEK
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 2025;63(1):20-30
Patients with ectodermal dysplasia often have atrophied alveolar bone and an inadequate maxillomandibular relationship owing to congenital edentulism.Accurate implant placement that can overcomes anatomical limitations and orthognathic surgery to improve the maxillomandibular relationship is necessary for creating implant-supported prosthesis for these patients. Implant placement and provisional prosthesis fabrication before orthognathic surgery can provide critical fixed reference points and ensure accuracy during orthognathic surgery.In our patient, a digital system was used to design a surgical guide that considered the predictable position of the definitive prosthesis, allowing the placement of implants to overcome anatomical limitations and the creation of fixed reference points via the delivery of a provisional prosthesis for effective orthognathic surgery. The lack of compensation during orthognathic surgery was considered in the definitive prosthesis. As a result, a prosthesis with a minimal anterior cantilever was fabricated. This study aimed to determine the appropriate sequence of multidisciplinary collaborations that would, result in the best functional and aesthetic outcomes.
10.Implant–supported fixed prosthesis for orthognathic surgery in ectodermal dysplasia: a case report
Yeon-Ah SHIN ; Ji-Eun MOON ; Se-Ha KANG ; Chan-Ik PARK ; Yoon-Joo BAE ; Min-Seok OH ; Woo-Jin JEON ; Na-Ra KANG ; Min-Jung BAEK
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 2025;63(1):20-30
Patients with ectodermal dysplasia often have atrophied alveolar bone and an inadequate maxillomandibular relationship owing to congenital edentulism.Accurate implant placement that can overcomes anatomical limitations and orthognathic surgery to improve the maxillomandibular relationship is necessary for creating implant-supported prosthesis for these patients. Implant placement and provisional prosthesis fabrication before orthognathic surgery can provide critical fixed reference points and ensure accuracy during orthognathic surgery.In our patient, a digital system was used to design a surgical guide that considered the predictable position of the definitive prosthesis, allowing the placement of implants to overcome anatomical limitations and the creation of fixed reference points via the delivery of a provisional prosthesis for effective orthognathic surgery. The lack of compensation during orthognathic surgery was considered in the definitive prosthesis. As a result, a prosthesis with a minimal anterior cantilever was fabricated. This study aimed to determine the appropriate sequence of multidisciplinary collaborations that would, result in the best functional and aesthetic outcomes.

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