Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its associated risk factors among pregnant Korean women, as UI significantly impacts their quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving singleton pregnant women was conducted between April and December 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing demographic information and UI symptoms. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI short form was used to diagnose UI. Results: A total of 824 pregnant women from three centers participated, with an overall prenatal UI prevalence of 40.2% (331/824). Stress UI was most common (77.1%), followed by mixed UI (16.9%), and urgency UI (6.0%). Risk factors for UI included prior delivery mode, specifically vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-22.50; P=0.015) and combined vaginal and cesarean delivery (aOR, 23.14; 95% CI, 1.77-302.74; P=0.017). Additionally, second trimester (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.19-3.32; P=0.009) and third trimester (aOR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.65-7.40; P<0.001) were associated with increased UI risk. Conversely, drinking alcohol before pregnancy was a protective factor (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99; P=0.046). Conclusion Approximately 40% of Korean pregnant women experience prenatal UI. Prior delivery mode and advanced gastrointestinal age are significant risk factors. Further research with postpartum and long-term follow-ups is needed.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its associated risk factors among pregnant Korean women, as UI significantly impacts their quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving singleton pregnant women was conducted between April and December 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing demographic information and UI symptoms. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI short form was used to diagnose UI. Results: A total of 824 pregnant women from three centers participated, with an overall prenatal UI prevalence of 40.2% (331/824). Stress UI was most common (77.1%), followed by mixed UI (16.9%), and urgency UI (6.0%). Risk factors for UI included prior delivery mode, specifically vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-22.50; P=0.015) and combined vaginal and cesarean delivery (aOR, 23.14; 95% CI, 1.77-302.74; P=0.017). Additionally, second trimester (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.19-3.32; P=0.009) and third trimester (aOR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.65-7.40; P<0.001) were associated with increased UI risk. Conversely, drinking alcohol before pregnancy was a protective factor (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99; P=0.046). Conclusion Approximately 40% of Korean pregnant women experience prenatal UI. Prior delivery mode and advanced gastrointestinal age are significant risk factors. Further research with postpartum and long-term follow-ups is needed.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its associated risk factors among pregnant Korean women, as UI significantly impacts their quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving singleton pregnant women was conducted between April and December 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing demographic information and UI symptoms. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI short form was used to diagnose UI. Results: A total of 824 pregnant women from three centers participated, with an overall prenatal UI prevalence of 40.2% (331/824). Stress UI was most common (77.1%), followed by mixed UI (16.9%), and urgency UI (6.0%). Risk factors for UI included prior delivery mode, specifically vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-22.50; P=0.015) and combined vaginal and cesarean delivery (aOR, 23.14; 95% CI, 1.77-302.74; P=0.017). Additionally, second trimester (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.19-3.32; P=0.009) and third trimester (aOR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.65-7.40; P<0.001) were associated with increased UI risk. Conversely, drinking alcohol before pregnancy was a protective factor (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99; P=0.046). Conclusion Approximately 40% of Korean pregnant women experience prenatal UI. Prior delivery mode and advanced gastrointestinal age are significant risk factors. Further research with postpartum and long-term follow-ups is needed.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its associated risk factors among pregnant Korean women, as UI significantly impacts their quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving singleton pregnant women was conducted between April and December 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing demographic information and UI symptoms. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI short form was used to diagnose UI. Results: A total of 824 pregnant women from three centers participated, with an overall prenatal UI prevalence of 40.2% (331/824). Stress UI was most common (77.1%), followed by mixed UI (16.9%), and urgency UI (6.0%). Risk factors for UI included prior delivery mode, specifically vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-22.50; P=0.015) and combined vaginal and cesarean delivery (aOR, 23.14; 95% CI, 1.77-302.74; P=0.017). Additionally, second trimester (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.19-3.32; P=0.009) and third trimester (aOR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.65-7.40; P<0.001) were associated with increased UI risk. Conversely, drinking alcohol before pregnancy was a protective factor (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99; P=0.046). Conclusion Approximately 40% of Korean pregnant women experience prenatal UI. Prior delivery mode and advanced gastrointestinal age are significant risk factors. Further research with postpartum and long-term follow-ups is needed.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its associated risk factors among pregnant Korean women, as UI significantly impacts their quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving singleton pregnant women was conducted between April and December 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing demographic information and UI symptoms. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI short form was used to diagnose UI. Results: A total of 824 pregnant women from three centers participated, with an overall prenatal UI prevalence of 40.2% (331/824). Stress UI was most common (77.1%), followed by mixed UI (16.9%), and urgency UI (6.0%). Risk factors for UI included prior delivery mode, specifically vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-22.50; P=0.015) and combined vaginal and cesarean delivery (aOR, 23.14; 95% CI, 1.77-302.74; P=0.017). Additionally, second trimester (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.19-3.32; P=0.009) and third trimester (aOR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.65-7.40; P<0.001) were associated with increased UI risk. Conversely, drinking alcohol before pregnancy was a protective factor (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99; P=0.046). Conclusion Approximately 40% of Korean pregnant women experience prenatal UI. Prior delivery mode and advanced gastrointestinal age are significant risk factors. Further research with postpartum and long-term follow-ups is needed.

Objective: Isotretinoin is among the most notorious human teratogens, documented originally as causing up to 30% of malformations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the rates of major malformation (MM) among isotretinoin-exposed pregnant women over the years through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Eligible studies were searched and identified using various databases. Single-arm meta-analysis and meta-analysis of odd ratios among controlled studies were performed using Review Manager version 5.3. Results: Ten eligible studies that combined 2,783 isotretinoin-exposed women were included in our study. The rate of MM weighted for the sample size was 15%. Three studies that included an unexposed comparison group were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio of MM for isotretinoin-exposed women was 3.76. After 2006, the pooled odds ratio of MM for isotretinoin exposure was significantly lower at 1.04. Conclusion The current rate of MM in isotretinoin-exposed women was substantially lower after 2006.

Objective: Isotretinoin is among the most notorious human teratogens, documented originally as causing up to 30% of malformations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the rates of major malformation (MM) among isotretinoin-exposed pregnant women over the years through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Eligible studies were searched and identified using various databases. Single-arm meta-analysis and meta-analysis of odd ratios among controlled studies were performed using Review Manager version 5.3. Results: Ten eligible studies that combined 2,783 isotretinoin-exposed women were included in our study. The rate of MM weighted for the sample size was 15%. Three studies that included an unexposed comparison group were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio of MM for isotretinoin-exposed women was 3.76. After 2006, the pooled odds ratio of MM for isotretinoin exposure was significantly lower at 1.04. Conclusion The current rate of MM in isotretinoin-exposed women was substantially lower after 2006.

STUDY DESIGN: A case report. OBJECTIVES: To report a case of spinal extradural arachnoid cyst. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Extradural arachonid cysts of the spine are a rare cause of spinal cord and nerve root compression. There are few reports about it, and the etiology remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors performed a clinical and radiographic case review. RESULTS: A 56-year-old male patient presented with both lower extremity radiating pain and tingling sensation in both feet for four years. His MRI revealed a large, well-demarcated extradural lesion, isointense to cerebrospinal fluid from L1 to L3. We performed dural repair and laminectomy for partial resection of the cyst. The outcome was good in the immediate postoperative period, and the patient made a full recovery without complications. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment should be considered for large spinal extradural arachnoid cysts with neurologic symptoms when conservative treatment does not work.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Foot ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Postoperative Period ; Radiculopathy ; Sensation ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

Pregestational diabetes is a well-known risk factor for perinatal mortality, and regarded as an important cause of stillbirth. Unfortunately, more than half of stillbirths remain unexplained. Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the optimal timing and content of antepartum testing in pregnancies complicated by diabetes. A 32-year-old primigravida presented with diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy. Antenatal fetal surveillance tests including nonstress test, biophysical profile, and Doppler waveforms of umbilical arteries were performed twice weekly, beginning at 32 weeks gestation. At 37(+4) weeks' gestation, a discrepancy in the surveillance test results arose when reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical arteries was seen, despite a reactive nonstress test. A male baby was delivered by cesarean section. The umbilical arterial pH at delivery was 7.171. Antenatal fetal surveillance in pregnancies complicated by diabetes should include evaluation of Doppler waveforms in the umbilical vessels, regardless of the presence or absence of maternal vasculopathy.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; Consensus ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pregnancy* ; Risk Factors ; Stillbirth ; Umbilical Arteries*

Borderline tumor of ovary is epithelial proliferation without stromal invasion, first reported by Taylor in 1929. Borderline ovarian tumor occurs in younger women and is detects in early stage. Laparosocopy is alternative treatment of younger women for postoperative quality of life because it reduces postoperative adhesion. But it is limited to incomplete staging, tumor cell dissemination and recurrence. We report a case of port site implantation of mucinous borderline tumor after the laparoscopic operation; usually recurrence of borderline tumors were occurred after ten or fifteen years later, this case a direct evidence of cause of metastasis after the laparoscopic operation.
Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Mucins ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovary ; Quality of Life ; Recurrence