With the rapid development of competitive sports, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is on the rise. Such injuries may shorten athletes′ career and lead to other long-term adverse consequences. Although athletes generally recover well after ACL reconstruction, many still struggle to return to their pre-injury performance levels. Advances in the understanding of ACL anatomy and injury mechanisms, along with the evolution of surgical techniques and rehabilitation methods, have provided more individualized and tailored options for athletes following ACL injuries. However, there is currently no consensus in China regarding surgical and rehabilitation strategies for competitive athletes aiming to return to sports after ACL injuries. To this end, the Sports Medicine Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Trauma jointly formulated the Expert consensus on surgical treatment and rehabilitation for competitive sports athletes returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament injury ( version 2025), and presented 14 recommendations covering surgical indications, preoperative rehabilitation, surgical timing, surgical strategies and postoperative rehabilitation strategies, aiming to improve the surgical treatment and rehabilitation system for ACL injuries in competitive athletes and facilitate their return to high-level sports performance after injury.

With the rapid development of competitive sports, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is on the rise. Such injuries may shorten athletes′ career and lead to other long-term adverse consequences. Although athletes generally recover well after ACL reconstruction, many still struggle to return to their pre-injury performance levels. Advances in the understanding of ACL anatomy and injury mechanisms, along with the evolution of surgical techniques and rehabilitation methods, have provided more individualized and tailored options for athletes following ACL injuries. However, there is currently no consensus in China regarding surgical and rehabilitation strategies for competitive athletes aiming to return to sports after ACL injuries. To this end, the Sports Medicine Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Trauma jointly formulated the Expert consensus on surgical treatment and rehabilitation for competitive sports athletes returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament injury ( version 2025), and presented 14 recommendations covering surgical indications, preoperative rehabilitation, surgical timing, surgical strategies and postoperative rehabilitation strategies, aiming to improve the surgical treatment and rehabilitation system for ACL injuries in competitive athletes and facilitate their return to high-level sports performance after injury.

Background and Objectives: This study aims to clarify the systems underlying regulation and regulatory roles of hydrogen combined with 5-Aza in the myogenic differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). Methods: and Results: In this study, ADSCs acted as an in vitro myogenic differentiating mode. First, the Alamar blue Staining and mitochondrial tracer technique were used to verify whether hydrogen combined with 5-Aza could promote cell proliferation. In addition, this study assessed myogenic differentiating markers (e.g., Myogenin, Mhc and Myod protein expressions) based on the Western blotting assay, analysis on cellular morphological characteristics (e.g., Myotube number, length, diameter and maturation index), RT-PCR (Myod, Myogenin and Mhc mRNA expression) and Immunofluorescence analysis (Desmin, Myosin and β-actin protein expression). Finally, to verify the mechanism of myogenic differentiation of hydrogen-bound 5-Aza, we performed bioinformatics analysis and Western blot to detect the expression of p-P38 protein. Hydrogen combined with 5-Aza significantly enhanced the proliferation and myogenic differentiation of ADSCs in vitro by increasing the number of single-cell mitochondria and upregulating the expression of myogenic biomarkers such as Myod, Mhc and myotube formation. The expressions of p-P38 was up-regulated by hydrogen combined with 5-Aza. The differentiating ability was suppressed when the cells were cultivated in combination with SB203580 (p38 MAPK signal pathway inhibitor). Conclusions Hydrogen alleviates the cytotoxicity of 5-Aza and synergistically promotes the myogenic differentiation capacity of adipose stem cells via the p38 MAPK pathway. Thus, the mentioned results present insights into myogenic differentiation and are likely to generate one potential alternative strategy for skeletal muscle related diseases.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to evaluate the influence of hot chemical etching on short- and long-term shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia to resin.

METHODSEighty zirconia ceramic slices were obtained and randomly divided into five groups based on the surface treatment to be applied--group A: H2SO4/(NH4)2SO4 hot solution etching + application of Clearfil; group B: HF/HNO3 hot solution etching + application of Clearfil; group C: H2SO4/HF/HNO3 hot solution etching + Clearfil; group D: alumina sandblasting + application of Clearfil; group E: tribochemical silica coating + application of silane coupling agent. Eighty composite cylinders were bonded to pretreated ceramic slices using a bis-GMA-based resin cement. Specimens in each group were divided into two fractions: the first half received 24 h water storage, and the second half received 40 d water storage. Then, SBS tests were conducted. Morphological analysis of sandblasted alumina and hot chemical-etched zirconia surfaces were performed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).

RESULTSGroup E displayed the highest SBS before artificial aging, and no statistical difference was found among the other groups. After 40 d water storage, groups A, B, and E showed significantly higher SBS than groups C and D. SBS increased significantly after artificial aging in groups A and B. No significant variations were found before and after artificial aging in the other groups.

CONCLUSIONThe experimental hot chemical etching solution provides enhanced bonding for zirconia than sandblasting, and the bond strengths remain stable after artificial aging.

Aluminum Oxide ; Ceramics ; Composite Resins ; Dental Bonding ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Resin Cements ; Shear Strength ; Silanes ; Silicon Dioxide ; Surface Properties ; Zirconium

UNLABELLEDOBJECTIVE To evaluate the aesthetic effect of restorations with custom pressable metal ceramic abutments for defective soft and hard tissue in the maxillary anterior zone.

METHODSFifty-two patients with missing anterior teeth in the maxillar were selected, who had problems such as exposure of abutment metal, excessively large angle deviation, excessively long ceramic crown and missing gingival papilla, affecting the aesthetic effect of implant denture. Custom pressable metal ceramic abutments were made on the conventional castable metal abutment surface and restored with all-ceramic crowns to overcome the blackness at the implant neck.

RESULTSClinical evaluation for aesthetic effects 3 and 6 months after the restorations were placed. In 63 restorations of 52 patients, the blackness at the implant neck were eliminated and the aesthetic effect were ideal. The gingival was in healthy condition, showing no further gingival retreat or inflammation around the implant denture.

CONCLUSIONCustom pressable metal ceramic abutments can effectively improve the aesthetic appearance of the implant denture in maxillary anterior zone.

Ceramics ; Crowns ; Dental Abutments ; Dental Implants ; Dental Porcelain ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Metals

Objective This study aims to evaluate the influence of hot chemical etching on short- and long-term shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia to resin. Methods Eighty zirconia ceramic slices were obtained and randomly divided into five groups based on the surface treatment to be applied-group A: H2SO4/(NH4)2SO4 hot solution etching + application of Clearfil; group B: HF/HNO3 hot solution etching + application of Clearfil; group C: H2SO4/HF/HNO3 hot solution etching + Clearfil; group D: alumina sandblasting + application of Clearfil; group E: tribochemical silica coating + application of silane coupling agent. Eighty composite cylinders were bonded to pretreated ceramic slices using a bis-GMA-based resin cement. Specimens in each group were divided into two fractions: the first half received 24 h water storage, and the second half re-ceived 40 d water storage. Then, SBS tests were conducted. Morphological analysis of sandblasted alumina and hot chemical-etched zirconia surfaces were performed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Results Group E displayed the highest SBS before artificial aging, and no statistical difference was found among the other groups. After 40 d water storage, groups A, B, and E showed significantly higher SBS than groups C and D. SBS increased significantly after artificial aging in groups A and B. No significant variations were found before and after artificial aging in the other groups. Conclusion The experi-mental hot chemical etching solution provides enhanced bonding for zirconia than sandblasting, and the bond strengths remain stable after artificial aging.