ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of video-based educational intervention combined with maternal presence on perioperative adverse outcomes in preschool children undergoing general anesthesia， including cooperation in anesthesia induction， perioperative anxiety， pain and agitation during recovery. MethodsA total of 300 preschool children scheduled for general anesthesia in our hospital from June to December 2023 were randomly assigned to control group （n=150） and intervention group （n=150）. The control group received routine recovery care. For the intervention group， in addition to routine recovery care， a preoperative visit was scheduled one day before surgery. During this visit， mothers were guided to watch anesthesia videos with their children. During the waiting period in the operating room and 30 minutes after awakening， the mothers were guided to accompany the children for more than 30 minutes. Recovery conditions were recorded using the surgical anesthesia information system， and the children’s anesthetic induction compliance， perioperative anxiety， pain， and agitation were evaluated and recorded using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale （m-YPAS）， the Induction Compliance Scale （ICC）， the Children’s Pain Behavior Scale （FLACC）， and the Pediatric Agitation and Emergence Delirium Scale （PAED）. ResultsOn the preoperative visit day， there were no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the two groups （P > 0.05）. For perioperative anxiety， the m-YPAS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group， both when entering the operating room waiting area （35.27±6.48 vs. 41.79±6.68， P < 0.05） and 30 minutes after postoperative recovery （20.13±7.05 vs. 35.75±9.51， P < 0.05）. In terms of anesthesia induction cooperation， the ICC scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group （1.84±0.95 vs. 3.17±0.62， P < 0.05）， and the proportion of good induction cooperation was significantly higher than that of the control group （24.00% vs. 12.67%， P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in awakening duration between the two groups， but the intervention group had a significantly shorter length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit than the control group （0.90±0.29 hours vs. 1.29±0.42 hours， P < 0.001）. For perioperative agitation， the PAED scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group （entering in the operating room waiting area： 8.5 vs. 9.2， P < 0.05； 30 minutes after postoperative recovery： 4.2 vs. 7.8， P < 0.05）. In terms of pain scores， the FLACC scores of the intervention group were also significantly lower than those of the control group， both when entering the operating room waiting area （ 5.3 vs. 6.7， P < 0.05； 30 minutes after postoperative recovery： 2.1 vs. 4.9， P < 0.05）. ConclusionsVideo-based educational intervention combined with maternal presence reduces the perioperative anxiety， pain and agitation of preschool children undergoing general anesthesia， and improved the compliance of anesthesia induction. It is recommended to promote this intervention measure in clinical practice.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for sciatic nerve block in mice.Methods:Twenty-four healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: 1.33% LB 80 μl group (group A), 1.33% LB 40 μl group (group B), 0.66% LB 80 μl group (group C), and 0.66% LB 40 μl group (group D). The sciatic nerve block was performed using the corresponding concentration of LB or the equal volume of LB in each group. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured using Von Frey filaments immediately after sciatic nerve block, at 5 min of block, and every 1 h until MWT recovered to the baseline level. The sciatic nerve block time-MWT curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Results:The time-MWT curves exhibited similar bimodal characteristics in each group. From the time point immediately after the blockade to the first MWT peak after the blockade, there were no statistically significant differences in the AUC among the four groups ( P>0.05). From the first MWT peak to the first trough, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05). From the first trough to the second MWT peak, there was no significant difference in the AUC between A group and D group ( P>0.05), and the AUC was significantly greater in B and C groups than in A and D groups ( P<0.05). From the second MWT peak to the baseline level, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC among B, C and D groups ( P>0.05). In the total duration of the sciatic nerve block, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the AUC between B group and C group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LB exhibits characteristic bimodal changes when used for sciatic nerve block; higher concentrations and volume of LB result in stronger and longer-lasting block effects in mice.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for sciatic nerve block in mice.Methods:Twenty-four healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: 1.33% LB 80 μl group (group A), 1.33% LB 40 μl group (group B), 0.66% LB 80 μl group (group C), and 0.66% LB 40 μl group (group D). The sciatic nerve block was performed using the corresponding concentration of LB or the equal volume of LB in each group. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured using Von Frey filaments immediately after sciatic nerve block, at 5 min of block, and every 1 h until MWT recovered to the baseline level. The sciatic nerve block time-MWT curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Results:The time-MWT curves exhibited similar bimodal characteristics in each group. From the time point immediately after the blockade to the first MWT peak after the blockade, there were no statistically significant differences in the AUC among the four groups ( P>0.05). From the first MWT peak to the first trough, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05). From the first trough to the second MWT peak, there was no significant difference in the AUC between A group and D group ( P>0.05), and the AUC was significantly greater in B and C groups than in A and D groups ( P<0.05). From the second MWT peak to the baseline level, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC among B, C and D groups ( P>0.05). In the total duration of the sciatic nerve block, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the AUC between B group and C group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LB exhibits characteristic bimodal changes when used for sciatic nerve block; higher concentrations and volume of LB result in stronger and longer-lasting block effects in mice.

Objective:To construct an interactive health care participation program for patients undergoing lower limb bone transport based on the interactive patient participation safety theory framework and the Patient Health Engagement model.Methods:From August to November 2022, through literature review and interviews with patients undergoing lower limb bone transport, a preliminary draft of the interactive health care participation program was developed based on the interactive patient participation safety theory framework and the Patient Health Engagement model. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of consultations with 25 experts to screen and revise the program items.Results:The expert positive coefficients for the two rounds of expert consultations were 92.00% (23/25) and 100.00% (23/23). The authority coefficient was 0.913, and the Kendall's W coefficients for consistency were 0.127 and 0.140 ( P<0.01). The final program included three primary items, 22 secondary items, and 65 tertiary items. Conclusions:The interactive health care participation program for patients undergoing lower limb bone transport constructed in this study is both scientific and practical, can provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for patient engagement in health care.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of salidroside (Sal) on bone loss in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) rats by regulating the osteoprotegerin(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL) pathway. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into(12 rats/group) control group,OSAS group,Sal-L,Sal-M,and Sal-H groups(17.5,35,70 mg/kg). Except for the control group,all other groups were used to replicate the OSAS rat model through hypoxia and reoxygenation cycles. Bone density meters,three-point bending experiments,and Micro CT were applied to measure the bone density,biomechanics,and microstructural changes of the femur in rats. ELISA method was applied to detect serum levels of osteocalcin(BGP),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),and cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(CTX-I). RT-PCR was applied to detect OPG and RANKL mRNA levels in the femur. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of OPG/RANKL pathway proteins in the femur. RESULTS Compared with the control group,the bone density,maximum intensity,maximum load,trabecular bone volume fraction(Tb.BV/TV),trabecular number(Tb.N),trabecular thickness(Tb.Th),BGP,ALP,OPG mRNA and protein expression,OPG/RANKL ratio of rats in the OSAS group were decreased,the mRNA and protein expression of CTX-I and RANKL were increased(P<0.05). Compared with the OSAS group,the bone density,maximum intensity,maximum load,Tb.BV/TV,Tb.N,Tb.Th,BGP,ALP,OPG mRNA and protein expression,OPG/RANKL ratio of rats in the Sal-L,Sal-M,and Sal-H groups were increased sequentially,the mRNA and protein expression of CTX-I and RANKL were decreased sequentially,the above changes were most great in the Sal-H group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Salidroside promotes bone formation and inhibits bone resorption by increasing OPG expression and decreasing RANKL expression,thereby reducing bone loss in OSAS rats.

This paper summarises the experience in an emergency care of a patient who had a "silent lung" during ventilator-assisted ventilation while in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) after a surgery of cavernous sinus fistula of internal carotid artery. By reviewing nursing records,the emergency nursing interventions were summed up,incluing immediate elimination of mechanical blockage,rapid identification and diagnosis of "silent lung",urgent application of manual balloon pressurisation ventilation to resolve ventilation difficulties and symptomatic medication to relieve airway spasm. A ventilator-assisted ventilation was reinitiated to ensure unobstructed breathing after the condition of patient had been stablised. Lungs were inflated when the condition of patient allowed together without a risk of airway spasm. Then the endotracheal catheter was removed under a deep anaesthesis. After 3 hours of emergency resuscitation,the patient became stable and safely returned to the ward. The patient was discharged 11 days later and was found in good condtion over the 3 months postoperative follow-up.

This paper summarises the experience in an emergency care of a patient who had a "silent lung" during ventilator-assisted ventilation while in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) after a surgery of cavernous sinus fistula of internal carotid artery. By reviewing nursing records,the emergency nursing interventions were summed up,incluing immediate elimination of mechanical blockage,rapid identification and diagnosis of "silent lung",urgent application of manual balloon pressurisation ventilation to resolve ventilation difficulties and symptomatic medication to relieve airway spasm. A ventilator-assisted ventilation was reinitiated to ensure unobstructed breathing after the condition of patient had been stablised. Lungs were inflated when the condition of patient allowed together without a risk of airway spasm. Then the endotracheal catheter was removed under a deep anaesthesis. After 3 hours of emergency resuscitation,the patient became stable and safely returned to the ward. The patient was discharged 11 days later and was found in good condtion over the 3 months postoperative follow-up.

The pure breastfeeding rate in China is relatively low, and excellent father's support can improve the outcome of breastfeeding. The current situation and influencing factors of father's support for breastfeeding at home and abroad are not clear, and the evaluation methods are not yet unified. Starting from the concept of father's support for breastfeeding, this paper introduces the evaluation tools for father's support for breastfeeding according to specific and non-specific classifications, focusing on analyzing and comparing the structure and application status of various tools, so as to provide a basis for finding or constructing evaluation tools suitable for China. At the same time, this paper summarizes the influencing factors of father's support for breastfeeding from four aspects, including father's sociodemographic characteristics, breastfeeding knowledge, attitude towards breastfeeding, and psychological state, providing reference for formulating interventions to improve father's support for breastfeeding and further promote breastfeeding.

ObjectiveTo identify the chemical constituents of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， and to investigate the changes of terpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water. MethodUPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to detect with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B）as mobile phase for gradient elution （0-0.01 min， 20%B； 0.01-5 min， 20%-40%B； 5-40 min， 40%-95%B； 40-42 min， 95%B； 42-42.1 min， 95%-20%B； 42.1-45 min， 20%B）， electrospray ionization （ESI） was selected for collection and detection in positive ion mode with the scanning range of m/z 100-1 250 and ion source temperature at 500 ℃. The data were analyzed by PeakView 1.2.0.3， the components were identified according to the primary and secondary MS data， and combined with the reference substance and literature. After normalized treatment by MarkerView 1.2.1， the MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， and then the differential components before and after processing were screened. The content changes of differential components were analyzed according to the relative peak area. ResultA total of 30 components were identified under positive ion mode， including 28 prototerpene triterpenes and 2 sesquiterpenes. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in components from Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water， and 10 differential components （alisol B 23-acetate， alisol I， alismol， 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate， alisol B， alisol C， 11-deoxy-alisol B， alisol G， 11-deoxy-alisol C and alisol A） were screened， and the contents of alisol G and alisol A decreased significantly after processing. ConclusionUPLC-Q-TOF-MS can comprehensively and accurately identify the chemical constituents in raw and salt-processed products of Alismatis Rhizoma. It takes a great difference in the contents of chemical constituents before and after processing， and the difference of substituents is the main reason for this differences， which can provide reference for determining the material basis of efficacy changes of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water.

ObjectiveBy comparing the composition and content changes of the volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma before and after processing with rice-washed water， the effect of rice-washed water processing on volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma was investigated. MethodHeadspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （HS-GC-MS） was used to detect the volatile components in rhizomes of Atractylodes chinensis and A. lancea， and their processed products of rice-washed water. Chromatographic conditions were programmed temperature （starting temperature of 50 ℃ for 2 min， rising to 120 ℃ with the speed of 10 ℃·min^-1， then rising to 170 ℃ at 2.5 ℃·min^-1， and rising to 240 ℃ at 10 ℃·min^-1 for 3 min）， the inlet temperature was 280 ℃， the split ratio was 10∶1， and the solvent delay time was 3 min. The conditions of mass spectrometry were electron bombardment ionization （EI） with ionization temperature at 230 ℃ and detection range of m/z 20-650. Then the relative content of each component was determined by the peak area normalization method. SIMCA 14.1 software was used to perform unsupervised principal component analysis （PCA） and supervised orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） on each sample data， the differential components of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its processed products were screened by the principle of variable importance in the projection （VIP） value>1. ResultA total of 60 components were identified， among which 40 were rhizomes of A. chinensis and 38 were its processed products， 46 were rhizomes of A. lancea and 47 were its processed products. PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the 4 kinds of Atractylodis Rhizoma samples were clustered into one category respectively， indicating that the volatile components of the two kinds of Atractylodis Rhizoma were significantly changed after processing with rice-washed water， and there were also significant differences in the volatile components of rhizomes of A. lancea and A. chinensis. The compound composition of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its processed products was basically the same， but the content of the compounds was significantly different. The differential components were mainly concentrated in monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids， and the content of monoterpenoids mostly showed a decreasing trend. ConclusionAfter processing with rice-washed water， the contents of volatile components in rhizomes of A. lancea and A. chinensis are significantly changed， and pinene， 3-carene， p-cymene， ocimene， terpinolene， atractylon， acetic acid and furfural can be used as difference markers before and after processing.