Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for sciatic nerve block in mice.Methods:Twenty-four healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: 1.33% LB 80 μl group (group A), 1.33% LB 40 μl group (group B), 0.66% LB 80 μl group (group C), and 0.66% LB 40 μl group (group D). The sciatic nerve block was performed using the corresponding concentration of LB or the equal volume of LB in each group. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured using Von Frey filaments immediately after sciatic nerve block, at 5 min of block, and every 1 h until MWT recovered to the baseline level. The sciatic nerve block time-MWT curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Results:The time-MWT curves exhibited similar bimodal characteristics in each group. From the time point immediately after the blockade to the first MWT peak after the blockade, there were no statistically significant differences in the AUC among the four groups ( P>0.05). From the first MWT peak to the first trough, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05). From the first trough to the second MWT peak, there was no significant difference in the AUC between A group and D group ( P>0.05), and the AUC was significantly greater in B and C groups than in A and D groups ( P<0.05). From the second MWT peak to the baseline level, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC among B, C and D groups ( P>0.05). In the total duration of the sciatic nerve block, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the AUC between B group and C group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LB exhibits characteristic bimodal changes when used for sciatic nerve block; higher concentrations and volume of LB result in stronger and longer-lasting block effects in mice.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for sciatic nerve block in mice.Methods:Twenty-four healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: 1.33% LB 80 μl group (group A), 1.33% LB 40 μl group (group B), 0.66% LB 80 μl group (group C), and 0.66% LB 40 μl group (group D). The sciatic nerve block was performed using the corresponding concentration of LB or the equal volume of LB in each group. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured using Von Frey filaments immediately after sciatic nerve block, at 5 min of block, and every 1 h until MWT recovered to the baseline level. The sciatic nerve block time-MWT curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Results:The time-MWT curves exhibited similar bimodal characteristics in each group. From the time point immediately after the blockade to the first MWT peak after the blockade, there were no statistically significant differences in the AUC among the four groups ( P>0.05). From the first MWT peak to the first trough, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05). From the first trough to the second MWT peak, there was no significant difference in the AUC between A group and D group ( P>0.05), and the AUC was significantly greater in B and C groups than in A and D groups ( P<0.05). From the second MWT peak to the baseline level, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC among B, C and D groups ( P>0.05). In the total duration of the sciatic nerve block, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the AUC between B group and C group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LB exhibits characteristic bimodal changes when used for sciatic nerve block; higher concentrations and volume of LB result in stronger and longer-lasting block effects in mice.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of video-based educational intervention combined with maternal presence on perioperative adverse outcomes in preschool children undergoing general anesthesia， including cooperation in anesthesia induction， perioperative anxiety， pain and agitation during recovery. MethodsA total of 300 preschool children scheduled for general anesthesia in our hospital from June to December 2023 were randomly assigned to control group （n=150） and intervention group （n=150）. The control group received routine recovery care. For the intervention group， in addition to routine recovery care， a preoperative visit was scheduled one day before surgery. During this visit， mothers were guided to watch anesthesia videos with their children. During the waiting period in the operating room and 30 minutes after awakening， the mothers were guided to accompany the children for more than 30 minutes. Recovery conditions were recorded using the surgical anesthesia information system， and the children’s anesthetic induction compliance， perioperative anxiety， pain， and agitation were evaluated and recorded using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale （m-YPAS）， the Induction Compliance Scale （ICC）， the Children’s Pain Behavior Scale （FLACC）， and the Pediatric Agitation and Emergence Delirium Scale （PAED）. ResultsOn the preoperative visit day， there were no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the two groups （P > 0.05）. For perioperative anxiety， the m-YPAS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group， both when entering the operating room waiting area （35.27±6.48 vs. 41.79±6.68， P < 0.05） and 30 minutes after postoperative recovery （20.13±7.05 vs. 35.75±9.51， P < 0.05）. In terms of anesthesia induction cooperation， the ICC scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group （1.84±0.95 vs. 3.17±0.62， P < 0.05）， and the proportion of good induction cooperation was significantly higher than that of the control group （24.00% vs. 12.67%， P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in awakening duration between the two groups， but the intervention group had a significantly shorter length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit than the control group （0.90±0.29 hours vs. 1.29±0.42 hours， P < 0.001）. For perioperative agitation， the PAED scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group （entering in the operating room waiting area： 8.5 vs. 9.2， P < 0.05； 30 minutes after postoperative recovery： 4.2 vs. 7.8， P < 0.05）. In terms of pain scores， the FLACC scores of the intervention group were also significantly lower than those of the control group， both when entering the operating room waiting area （ 5.3 vs. 6.7， P < 0.05； 30 minutes after postoperative recovery： 2.1 vs. 4.9， P < 0.05）. ConclusionsVideo-based educational intervention combined with maternal presence reduces the perioperative anxiety， pain and agitation of preschool children undergoing general anesthesia， and improved the compliance of anesthesia induction. It is recommended to promote this intervention measure in clinical practice.

Objective:To construct an interactive health care participation program for patients undergoing lower limb bone transport based on the interactive patient participation safety theory framework and the Patient Health Engagement model.Methods:From August to November 2022, through literature review and interviews with patients undergoing lower limb bone transport, a preliminary draft of the interactive health care participation program was developed based on the interactive patient participation safety theory framework and the Patient Health Engagement model. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of consultations with 25 experts to screen and revise the program items.Results:The expert positive coefficients for the two rounds of expert consultations were 92.00% (23/25) and 100.00% (23/23). The authority coefficient was 0.913, and the Kendall's W coefficients for consistency were 0.127 and 0.140 ( P<0.01). The final program included three primary items, 22 secondary items, and 65 tertiary items. Conclusions:The interactive health care participation program for patients undergoing lower limb bone transport constructed in this study is both scientific and practical, can provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for patient engagement in health care.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of salidroside (Sal) on bone loss in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) rats by regulating the osteoprotegerin(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL) pathway. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into(12 rats/group) control group,OSAS group,Sal-L,Sal-M,and Sal-H groups(17.5,35,70 mg/kg). Except for the control group,all other groups were used to replicate the OSAS rat model through hypoxia and reoxygenation cycles. Bone density meters,three-point bending experiments,and Micro CT were applied to measure the bone density,biomechanics,and microstructural changes of the femur in rats. ELISA method was applied to detect serum levels of osteocalcin(BGP),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),and cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(CTX-I). RT-PCR was applied to detect OPG and RANKL mRNA levels in the femur. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of OPG/RANKL pathway proteins in the femur. RESULTS Compared with the control group,the bone density,maximum intensity,maximum load,trabecular bone volume fraction(Tb.BV/TV),trabecular number(Tb.N),trabecular thickness(Tb.Th),BGP,ALP,OPG mRNA and protein expression,OPG/RANKL ratio of rats in the OSAS group were decreased,the mRNA and protein expression of CTX-I and RANKL were increased(P<0.05). Compared with the OSAS group,the bone density,maximum intensity,maximum load,Tb.BV/TV,Tb.N,Tb.Th,BGP,ALP,OPG mRNA and protein expression,OPG/RANKL ratio of rats in the Sal-L,Sal-M,and Sal-H groups were increased sequentially,the mRNA and protein expression of CTX-I and RANKL were decreased sequentially,the above changes were most great in the Sal-H group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Salidroside promotes bone formation and inhibits bone resorption by increasing OPG expression and decreasing RANKL expression,thereby reducing bone loss in OSAS rats.

This paper summarises the experience in an emergency care of a patient who had a "silent lung" during ventilator-assisted ventilation while in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) after a surgery of cavernous sinus fistula of internal carotid artery. By reviewing nursing records,the emergency nursing interventions were summed up,incluing immediate elimination of mechanical blockage,rapid identification and diagnosis of "silent lung",urgent application of manual balloon pressurisation ventilation to resolve ventilation difficulties and symptomatic medication to relieve airway spasm. A ventilator-assisted ventilation was reinitiated to ensure unobstructed breathing after the condition of patient had been stablised. Lungs were inflated when the condition of patient allowed together without a risk of airway spasm. Then the endotracheal catheter was removed under a deep anaesthesis. After 3 hours of emergency resuscitation,the patient became stable and safely returned to the ward. The patient was discharged 11 days later and was found in good condtion over the 3 months postoperative follow-up.

This paper summarises the experience in an emergency care of a patient who had a "silent lung" during ventilator-assisted ventilation while in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) after a surgery of cavernous sinus fistula of internal carotid artery. By reviewing nursing records,the emergency nursing interventions were summed up,incluing immediate elimination of mechanical blockage,rapid identification and diagnosis of "silent lung",urgent application of manual balloon pressurisation ventilation to resolve ventilation difficulties and symptomatic medication to relieve airway spasm. A ventilator-assisted ventilation was reinitiated to ensure unobstructed breathing after the condition of patient had been stablised. Lungs were inflated when the condition of patient allowed together without a risk of airway spasm. Then the endotracheal catheter was removed under a deep anaesthesis. After 3 hours of emergency resuscitation,the patient became stable and safely returned to the ward. The patient was discharged 11 days later and was found in good condtion over the 3 months postoperative follow-up.

The pure breastfeeding rate in China is relatively low, and excellent father's support can improve the outcome of breastfeeding. The current situation and influencing factors of father's support for breastfeeding at home and abroad are not clear, and the evaluation methods are not yet unified. Starting from the concept of father's support for breastfeeding, this paper introduces the evaluation tools for father's support for breastfeeding according to specific and non-specific classifications, focusing on analyzing and comparing the structure and application status of various tools, so as to provide a basis for finding or constructing evaluation tools suitable for China. At the same time, this paper summarizes the influencing factors of father's support for breastfeeding from four aspects, including father's sociodemographic characteristics, breastfeeding knowledge, attitude towards breastfeeding, and psychological state, providing reference for formulating interventions to improve father's support for breastfeeding and further promote breastfeeding.

ObjectiveTo quickly analyze and identify the components in raw and rice-washed water products of Atractylodes lancea rhizoma （ALD） by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， and then find out the differential components before and after processing. MethodTitanK C₁₈ column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） was used with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B） for gradient elution （0-0.01 min， 10%B； 0.01-12 min， 10%-25%B； 12-18 min， 25%-55%B； 18-30 min， 55%-70%B； 30-35 min， 70%-95%B； 35-37 min， 95%B； 37-37.1 min， 95%-10%B under negative ion mode and 0-0.01 min， 10%B； 0.01-10 min， 10%-56%B； 10-30 min， 56%-75%B； 30-35 min， 75%-95%B； 35-37 min， 95%B； 37-37.1 min， 95%-10%B under positive ion mode）. Electrospray ionization was selected for collection and detection in positive and negative ion modes with the scanning range of m/z 100-1 250. Combining the reference substances， databases and related literature information， PeakView 1.2 software was used to identify the chemical components of ALD and its rice-washed water products. After normalized treatment by MarkerView™ 1.2.1， the MS data of each sample were analyzed with principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） in SICMA 14.1， and then the differential components before and after processing were screened according to the principle of variable importance in the projection （VIP） value>1 and P<0.01 in t-test. ResultA total of 56 components were identified from the raw and rice-washed water products of ALD， including 17 terpenoids， 8 polyacetylenes， 12 organic acids， 4 glycosides， 4 flavonoids and 11 others. There were 43 components in both， and 7 and 6 specific components respectively. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in the contents of the chemical components of ALD before and after processing， and 23 differential components such as atractylodin， atractylenolide Ⅰ， atractylenolide Ⅱ and wogonin were screened. ConclusionALD mainly contains sesquiterpenoids， polyacetylenes and organic acids. The components of ALD are hydrolyzed before and after processing， and the content of active ingredients such as atractylodin increased. According to this， it can provide reference for the research on material basis of processing of ALD.

ObjectiveTo analyze changes of the chemical composition in Euodiae Fructus before and after processing with Coptidis Rhizoma decoction， so as to provide scientific basis for elucidating the processing mechanism of this decoction pieces. MethodUltra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） was performed on a Titank C₁₈ column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm）， the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile for gradient elution， the column temperature was set at 40 ℃， the flow rate was 0.25 mL·min^-1. Electrospray ionization （ESI） was used to scan in positive and negative ion modes， and the scanning range was m/z 50-1 250. The chemical constituents in Euodiae Fructus were identified before and after processing by reference substance comparison， database matching and literature reference， and MarkerView™ 1.2.1 software was used to normalize the obtained data， SIMCA-P 14.1 software was employed to perform principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） on MS data of raw and processed products to screen the differential components before and after processing. ResultA total of 50 compounds were identified， including 48 kinds of stir-fried products with Coptidis Rhizoma decoction and 44 kinds of raw products. After processing， six compounds were added， including danshensu， noroxyhydrastinine， oxyberberine， 13-methylberberrubine， protopine and canadine. However， two kinds of compounds， including （S）-7-hydroxysecorutaecarpine and wuchuyuamide Ⅱ， were not detected after processing. In general， after processing， the overall contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids decreased significantly， the overall content of limonoids increased， and the overall content of alkaloids did not decrease insignificantly. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in the composition and content of the chemical components of Euodiae Fructus before and after processing， and a total of 12 variables such as quercetin， dihydrorutaecarpine and dehydroevodiamine were obtained by screening. ConclusionEuodiae Fructus stir-fried with Coptidis Rhizoma decoction mainly contains phenolic acids， flavonoids， limonoids and alkaloids. The composition and content of the chemical components have some changes before and after processing. The addition of processing excipients and hot water immersion are the main reasons for the difference， which can provide experimental basis for interpretation of the processing mechanism of this characteristic processed products of Euodiae Fructus.