Objective:To develop and validate the College Students' Perceived Time Poverty Scale(CSPTP).Methods:Based on expert discussion and literature review,preliminary dimensions of CSPTP and items were proposed.The initial questionnaire was tested in 216 students for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis(EFA).Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)and internal consistency were examined in 472 students(153 retested after 8 weeks).Criterion validity was assessed in 339 students using the Short General Procrastination Scale(SGPS)and the Confusion Tendency subscale of the Time Management Questionnaire(TMQ).Results:The final 21-item CSPTP comprised of 4 factors(time pressure,personal time needs,academic & leisure pressure and time ur-gency),explaining 63.48％of the variance,with item factor loading ranging from 0.52 to 0.81.Confirmatory fac-tor analysis indicated a good fit for the four-factor model(x2/df=3.56,CFI=0.92,IFI=0.92,TLI=0.90,RM-SEA=0.07).Criterion validity showed the total score and scores of each dimension of the CSPTP were positively correlated with SGPS scores and TMQ Confusion Tendency Dimension scores(r=0.32-0.64,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the total scale and the four factors ranged from 0.79 to 0.94,the retest reliability(ICC)ranged from 0.61 to 0.91.Conclusion:The CSPTP demonstrates good validity and reliability for assessing perceived time poverty among college students.

To summarize the nursing experience of a patient who underwent an abandoned liver transplantation combined with associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy.The main points of nursing included the establishment of a multidisciplinary team before surgery to ensure the smooth progress of the surgery,intraoperative preservation of the abandoned liver and healthcare collaboration for precise portal vein pressure monitoring,postoperative implementation of capacity management for ensuring perfusion of abandoned liver,dynamic monitoring of abandoned liver hyperplasia and prevention of small liver syndrome,individualized immune management and prevention of acute rejection reactions,nutritional support and exercise rehabilitation,strengthening protection and isolation strategies to comprehensively reduce the risk of infection.After treatment and nursing,the patient was discharged on the 28th of surgery.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), an emerging hybrid imaging modality, integrates the high spatial resolution of optical imaging with the deep-tissue imaging capability of ultrasound. Emerging evidence from recent studies in dental medicine has demonstrated the unique potential of PAI in screening, diagnosis, and therapeutic monitoring of oral pathologies, including periodontal diseases, oral cancers, and pulpal disorders. However, its clinical translation remains contingent upon addressing multiple technical barriers, particularly signal attenuation induced by optical scattering in biological tissues and limitations in real-time imaging efficiency. Therefore, investigating the advancements and challenges of PAI technology in the diagnosis of oral diseases will contribute to advancing further research and clinical applications, thereby providing practical support for improving the accuracy of early diagnosis and the efficacy of treatment for oral diseases.

Objective:To investigate the effect of glucagon like peptide-2(GLP-2)on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)induced intestinal mucosal tissue damage and the effects of helper T cell 1/helper T cell 2(Th1/Th2)balance in rats with Crohn's disease(CD).Methods:Forty rats were randomly divided into control group,CD group,treatment(CD+GLP-2)group and positive control[CD+sulfasalazine(SASP)]group,with 10 rats in each group.TNBS induced CD model was established and the rats in the other 3 groups were given corresponding treatment.After completion,colon macroscopic damage index(CMDI)was evaluated,HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of intestinal mucosa,TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis of co-lonic tissue cells,ELISA was used to determine serum IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-12,IL-4 and IL-10,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of IFN-γ and IL-4 in colon tissues,flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of Th1/Th2 in spleen.Results:Compared with CD group,CMDI in CD+GLP-2 group and CD+SASP group were significantly decreased(P all<0.001),intes-tinal mucosal damage was improved,the positive rate of TUNEL in colon tissue was significantly decreased(P all<0.001),the con-tents of IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-12 in serum were significantly decreased(P all<0.001),the contents of IL-4 and IL-10 in serum were significantly increased(P all<0.001),the expression of IFN-γ in colon tissue was significantly decreased and the expression of IL-4 was significantly increased(P all<0.001),the proportion of Th1 cells was significantly decreased while the proportion of Th2 cells was significantly increased(P all<0.001),Th1/Th2 also decreased significantly(P all<0.001).Conclusion:GLP-2 can effectively im-prove the intestinal mucosal injury of CD rats induced by TNBS,and the mechanism may be related to regulating the immune balance of Th1/Th2 cells,inhibiting inflammatory response and reducing cell apoptosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of glucagon like peptide-2(GLP-2)on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)induced intestinal mucosal tissue damage and the effects of helper T cell 1/helper T cell 2(Th1/Th2)balance in rats with Crohn's disease(CD).Methods:Forty rats were randomly divided into control group,CD group,treatment(CD+GLP-2)group and positive control[CD+sulfasalazine(SASP)]group,with 10 rats in each group.TNBS induced CD model was established and the rats in the other 3 groups were given corresponding treatment.After completion,colon macroscopic damage index(CMDI)was evaluated,HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of intestinal mucosa,TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis of co-lonic tissue cells,ELISA was used to determine serum IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-12,IL-4 and IL-10,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of IFN-γ and IL-4 in colon tissues,flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of Th1/Th2 in spleen.Results:Compared with CD group,CMDI in CD+GLP-2 group and CD+SASP group were significantly decreased(P all<0.001),intes-tinal mucosal damage was improved,the positive rate of TUNEL in colon tissue was significantly decreased(P all<0.001),the con-tents of IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-12 in serum were significantly decreased(P all<0.001),the contents of IL-4 and IL-10 in serum were significantly increased(P all<0.001),the expression of IFN-γ in colon tissue was significantly decreased and the expression of IL-4 was significantly increased(P all<0.001),the proportion of Th1 cells was significantly decreased while the proportion of Th2 cells was significantly increased(P all<0.001),Th1/Th2 also decreased significantly(P all<0.001).Conclusion:GLP-2 can effectively im-prove the intestinal mucosal injury of CD rats induced by TNBS,and the mechanism may be related to regulating the immune balance of Th1/Th2 cells,inhibiting inflammatory response and reducing cell apoptosis.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), an emerging hybrid imaging modality, integrates the high spatial resolution of optical imaging with the deep-tissue imaging capability of ultrasound. Emerging evidence from recent studies in dental medicine has demonstrated the unique potential of PAI in screening, diagnosis, and therapeutic monitoring of oral pathologies, including periodontal diseases, oral cancers, and pulpal disorders. However, its clinical translation remains contingent upon addressing multiple technical barriers, particularly signal attenuation induced by optical scattering in biological tissues and limitations in real-time imaging efficiency. Therefore, investigating the advancements and challenges of PAI technology in the diagnosis of oral diseases will contribute to advancing further research and clinical applications, thereby providing practical support for improving the accuracy of early diagnosis and the efficacy of treatment for oral diseases.

Objective:To develop and validate the College Students' Perceived Time Poverty Scale(CSPTP).Methods:Based on expert discussion and literature review,preliminary dimensions of CSPTP and items were proposed.The initial questionnaire was tested in 216 students for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis(EFA).Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)and internal consistency were examined in 472 students(153 retested after 8 weeks).Criterion validity was assessed in 339 students using the Short General Procrastination Scale(SGPS)and the Confusion Tendency subscale of the Time Management Questionnaire(TMQ).Results:The final 21-item CSPTP comprised of 4 factors(time pressure,personal time needs,academic & leisure pressure and time ur-gency),explaining 63.48％of the variance,with item factor loading ranging from 0.52 to 0.81.Confirmatory fac-tor analysis indicated a good fit for the four-factor model(x2/df=3.56,CFI=0.92,IFI=0.92,TLI=0.90,RM-SEA=0.07).Criterion validity showed the total score and scores of each dimension of the CSPTP were positively correlated with SGPS scores and TMQ Confusion Tendency Dimension scores(r=0.32-0.64,Ps＜0.01).The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the total scale and the four factors ranged from 0.79 to 0.94,the retest reliability(ICC)ranged from 0.61 to 0.91.Conclusion:The CSPTP demonstrates good validity and reliability for assessing perceived time poverty among college students.

To summarize the nursing experience of a patient who underwent an abandoned liver transplantation combined with associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy.The main points of nursing included the establishment of a multidisciplinary team before surgery to ensure the smooth progress of the surgery,intraoperative preservation of the abandoned liver and healthcare collaboration for precise portal vein pressure monitoring,postoperative implementation of capacity management for ensuring perfusion of abandoned liver,dynamic monitoring of abandoned liver hyperplasia and prevention of small liver syndrome,individualized immune management and prevention of acute rejection reactions,nutritional support and exercise rehabilitation,strengthening protection and isolation strategies to comprehensively reduce the risk of infection.After treatment and nursing,the patient was discharged on the 28th of surgery.

Objective:To explore Lijin Zhenggu Therapy combined with heat supplementing needles on cartilage damage, immune balance, and liver X receptor NF-κB in knee osteoarthritis of New Zealand white rabbits.Methods:Totally　60 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into normal group, model group, Lijin Zhenggu Therapy group, heat supplementing needles group, and a combination group using random number table method, with 12 rabbits in each group. Except for the normal group, all other groups were established with knee osteoarthritis models. The Lijin Zhenggu Therapy group was treated with Lijin Zhenggu Therapy, the heat supplementing needles group was treated with heat supplementing needles, the combination group was treated with Lijin Zhenggu Therapy combined with heat supplementing needles. The pain threshold of each group of white rabbits was observed using a pain meter; HE staining was used to observe the morphology of cartilage damage in each group of white rabbits; ELISA was used to detect PGE 2, IL-1β and β-EP in the articular cartilage tissue of white rabbits in each group; PCR was used to detect the levels of LXRα and NF-κB mRNA. Western blot was used to detect toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88), interferon regulatory factor-7 (IRF-7) in synovial tissue of rabbits in each group. Results:Compared with model group, the pain threshold of rabbits in heat supplementing needles group, Lijin Zhenggu Therapy group and combination group increased ( P<0.05); the levels of PGE 2 and IL-1β decreased ( P<0.05), while the level of β-EP increased ( P<0.05). LXRα mRNA level increased ( P<0.05), and NF-κB mRNA level decreased ( P<0.05); the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, IRF-7 and NF-κB P65 in synovial tissue decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Lijin Zhenggu Therapy combined with heat supplementing needles can reduce the levels of PGE 2 and IL-1β, increase β-EP level, improve pain and cartilage tissue morphology. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of liver X receptor nuclear factor NF-κB pathway, reduction of inflammatory reactions and immunity maintaining.

Objective To search and evaluate the relevant evidence of blood purification and anticoagulant management of perioperative liver transplantation patients,and to summarize the best evidence,so as to provide evidence-based evidence for clinical blood purification and anticoagulant management practice.Methods Evidence-based questions were determined.Systematic search was conducted on relevant domestic and foreign databases and websites for clinical decisions,guidelines,evidence summaries,system evaluations,and expert consensuses related to blood purification anticoagulation management.The retrieval period is from the establishment to May 2,2023.Literature screening,quality evaluation and evidence summary were conducted by 2 researchers.Results A total of 17 articles were included,including 2 clinical decisions,3 guidelines,2 evidence summaries,4 systematic evaluations and 6 expert consensuses.24 pieces of best evidence were summarized from 6 dimensions,including coagulation function evaluation,anticoagulant strategy,mode selection,vascular access,standardized operation implementation points and personnel organization management.Conclusion The best evidence was summarized in the study on perioperative blood purification and anticoagulant management of liver transplantation,which can provide evidence-based basis for clinical medical staff to implement anticoagulant management.However,it is necessary to further carry out evidence-based practice of perioperative blood purification and anticoagulant management of liver transplantation to verify its anticoagulation effect and nursing safety in clinical practice.