Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease mice.Methods Transgenic negative mice were designated as the normal group,while APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into six groups(ni=6 per group):model group,low-dose Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula group,medium-dose group,high-dose group,and positive drug group.The Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula low-,medium-,high-dose groups correspondingly received intragastric administration of 0.75,1.5,and 3 g·kg-1·d-1,respectively.The positive drug group received 2 mg·kg-1·d-1 donepezil hydrochloride tablets,while the model and normal groups received equal volumes of saline.All groups were treated once daily for 8 weeks.Behavioral tests were conducted using the Morris water maze and Y-maze.Hippocampal β-amyloid(Aβ)1-42 level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Hippocampal CA1 and CA3 neurons were observed hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and Nissl bodies were examined Nissl staining.Protein expression levels of Aβ transporter low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP-1)and endoplasmic reticulum stress marker glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)were detected by Western Blot analysis.Results(1)Compared with the normal group,the model group showed significantly prolonged escape latency(P＜0.000 1),reduced platform crossings,decreased movement distance and time around the platform of Morris water maze test(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),significantly lower spontaneous alternation percentage in Y-maze test(P＜0.05),and significantly elevated hippocampal Aβ1-42 level(P＜0.000 1).Compared with the model group,all Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula dose groups and the positive drug group exhibited significantly shortened escape latency of Morris water maze test(P＜0.000 1).The high-dose Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula group and positive drug group showed significantly increased platform crossings,movement distance and time around the platform of Morris water maze test(P＜0.05),significantly higher spontaneous alternation percentage in Y-maze test(P＜0.05).All Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula dose groups and the positive drug group showed significantly reduced hippocampal Aβ1-42 level(P＜0.000 1).(2)Compared with the normal group,the model group exhibited disordered and deformed hippocampal neurons and Nissl bodies.Compared with the model group,all Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula groups and positive drug group showed improved neuronal and Nissl body organization,with the improvement degree positively correlated with dosage.(3)Compared with the normal group,the model group showed decreased LRP1 level and increased GRP78 level,but there were no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).Compared with the model group,the high-dose Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula group and positive drug group showed increased LRP1 level,while all Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula dose groups and positive drug group exhibited decreased GRP78 level,but there were no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).Conclusion Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula significantly improves cognitive and memory function in model mice in a dose-dependent manner,potentially through reducing Aβ aggregation in the brain via endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

Objective To investigate and analyze the current status and challenges of infant and toddler nutritional services in urban and rural medical facilities in Sichuan Province.Methods In 2022,a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on infant and toddler nutritional services,including feeding guidance,physical growth assessment,and micronutrient deficiency screening,as well as information on personnel and tools in medical facilities throughout Sichuan Province.The provision of nutritional services was analyzed and the urban-rural disparities were assessed.Results A total of 2206 medical facilities(29.1%from urban areas and 70.9%from rural areas)were investigated.Only 35.8%of medical facilities provided all three types of nutritional services.Specifically,the overall service provision rates were high for feeding guidance(94.6%)and physical growth assessment(85.0%),but lower for micronutrient deficiency screening(37.4%).Rural facilities exhibited significantly lower rates than their urban counterparts for both physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening(P＜0.05).The provision rates of feeding guidance ranged from 70.6%to 93.2%,with responsive feeding guidance being the least implemented(70.6%),particularly in rural areas compared to urban areas(P＜0.05).Rates for physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening ranged from 75.3%to 81.8%and 23.6%to 30.8%,respectively,both showing lower rates in rural settings compared to urban ones(P＜0.05).Nutrition service providers were predominantly nurses(52.3%)and clinical practitioners(43.4%).The availability of dietary assessment tools ranged from 7.7%to 15.9%,significantly lower in rural areas compared to urban areas(P＜0.001),while physical measurement tools were widely available at rates of 94.6%to 98.5%.Conclusion At present,the infant and toddler nutritional service provisions of medical facilities in Sichuan Province are incomplete,particularly so in the implementation of feeding guidance,physical growth assessment,and micronutrient deficiency screening.There is a notable shortage of personnel and necessary tools,with rural areas facing more significant challenges.Enhancing the overall capacity of infant and toddler nutritional services in Sichuan Province is essential,with specific attention needed for rural healthcare settings.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect difference between fire needle combined with chemotherapy and fire needle on quality of life in patients with chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSWith randomized controlled method, a total of 60 patients with chemotherapy of NSCLC were divided into an observation group (fire-needle plus chemotherapy group) and a control group (chemotherapy group), 30 cases in each one. The observation group was treated with fire needle atpoints which consisted of Geshu (BL 17) and Danshu (BL 19), combined with chemotherapy selected from TP (paclitaxel+cisplatin)/GP (gemcitabine+cisplatin)/DP (docetaxel+cisplatin)/NP (vinorelbine+cisplatin) by the oncologist according to patients' condition. The fire needle was given once a day for 7 days, and chemotherapy was given for 21 days. The control group was treated with chemotherapy alone for 21 days. Before and after treatment, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) was applied for evaluation, and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) and functional assessment of cancer therapy-lung (FACT-L) were applied for evaluation of quality of life in patients with chemotherapy of NSCLC.

RESULTSThe effective rate was 20.0% (6/30) and the stability rate was 73.3% (22/30) in the observation group, which were insignificantly higher than 16.7% (5/30) and 63.3% (19/30) in the control group, respectively (both>0.05). The KPS after treatment was lower than that before treatment in the control group (<0.05); the KPS after treatment was similar to that before treatment in the observation group (>0.05); the KPS in the observation group after treatment was higher than that in the control group (<0.05). The total score and each item score of FACT-L after treatment were higher than those before treatment in the observation group (all<0.05); the physical score and emotional score of FACT-L after treatment were higher than those before treatment in the control group (both<0.05); the total score, physical score, functional score and subscale score in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment (all<0.05), while the social/family score and emotional score in the observation group were insignificantly higher than those in the control group (both>0.05). The differences of KPS total score before and after treatment in the two groups had moderate positive correlation with differences of FACT-L total score (<0.01).

CONCLUSIONFire needle can improve quality of life in patients of NSCLC chemotherapy.

Objective: To explore correlation among clinic blood pressure (CBP), ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and cardiovascular diseases in diabetic populations.Methods: A total of 336 patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who received 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, were selected.According to complicated with coronary heart disease or stroke or not, they were divided into cardiovascular disease group (CVD group, n=122) and no cardiovascular disease group (NCVD group, n=214).Blood lipids, blood pressure, CBP and ABP etc.were compared between two groups;according to median of 24h mean SBP (122mmHg), they were divided into <122mmHg group (n=168) and ≥122mmHg group (n=168), incidence of cardiovascular diseases was compared between these two groups.Results: (1) Compared with NCVD group, there were significant rise in age, percentages of smoking and hypertension, and plasma hsCRP level in CVD group (P<0.05 or <0.01);for ambulatory blood pressure,there were significant rise in levels of 24h mean SBP(mSBP) [(119.8±8.7)mmHg vs.(124.4±9.6) mmHg], daytime SBP (dSBP)[(121.4±9.3) mmHg vs.(128.0±10.3) mmHg] and nighttime SBP(nSBP) [(114.4±4.2) mmHg vs.(120.8±4.7) mmHg] in CVD group, P<0.01 all;there was no significant difference in CBP between two groups;(2) compared with <122mmHg group, there were significant rise in percentages of stroke (20.2% vs.25.0%) and total cardiovascular diseases (32.7% vs.39.9%) in ≥122mmHg group, P<0.01 both;(3) Logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetic patients no matter complicated with hypertension or not, 24h mean SBP was always an independent risk factors of diabetic patients complicated cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.83, 1.36, P<0.05 all).Conclusion: ABP is superior to CBP in predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes, and 24h mean SBP may be a good ABP index to predict cardiovascular risk.

Objective To evaluate the value of CEUS in dynamicly assessing the blood perfusion of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) in rats.Methods The experimentally induced secondary HAE in totally 70 rats were studied at different time periods (gth week,28th week,and 50th week) with CEUS,and compared to pathology results.Results At the 9th week,55 HAE lesions (55/70,78.57％) presented hyperechoic and the rest of 15 HAE lesions (15/70,21.43％)presented mixed echogenicity.The single or multiple vesicular structures were found as pathological feature.At later stages (28th week and 50th week),the size of lesions increased compared to 9th week with more solid structures and the calcifications found in HAE lesions.Microscopically,the fibrous tissues surrounding the lesions gradually thickened and the microvascular accumulation were visible around the lesions.The HAE lesions at the 9th week showed the ring enhancement and central septa enhancement in CEUS.The HAE lesions at the 28th week and 50th week showed combinations of no enhancement,ring enhancement,and central septa enhancement in CEUS.The ratio of edge enhancement to maximum diameter of lesions decreased with the progression (P=0.02).Conclusion The ultrasonographic features in HAE lesions become more complicated with increasing calcifications and enlarged necrosis areas with the progression.The CEUS can reveal the dynamics of blood perfusion of HAE lesions at different stages.

[Objective] The present study was to evaluate the association of serum total cholesterol level and prognosis in patients with acute left heart failure and associated mechanisms.[Methods] Sixty-eight patients due to acute episode of left heart failure prospectively enrolled,and baseline data and biochemical parameters were collected.After discharge,patients were follow-up for 1 month and they were divided into two groups (with and without cardiovascular events).Differences between groups were evaluated and the association of serum total cholesterol level and cardiovascular events were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.[Results] The mean age was 57.3 ± 12.6 years old and 52 cases were male patients accounting for 76.5 ％.Among these patients,46 had a diagnosis of coronary heart disease (67.6 ％),10 rheumatic heart disease (14.7 ％),12 dilated cardiomyopathy (17.7％),38hypertension (55.9％) and 24 diabetes mellitus (35.3％).After 1 month's follow up,39 patients (57.4％) had experienced cardiovascular events,36 cases were re-hospitalized,and 3 died from heart failure.Compared to those with cardiovascular events,event free individuals were younger and were less likely smokers (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,event free group had lower serum levels of N-terminal pro-BNP and C-reactive protein (P ＜ 0.05) while serum levels of total cholesterol and albumin were significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in medication between these two groups.After adjusted for age,gender,smoking,systolic blood pressure,serum albumin level,diabetes,hypertension and medications,increased total cholesterol level was independently associated with better prognosis with odds ratio of 0.91 (95 ％ confidence interval 0.80-0.96).Further adjusted for C-reactive protein,the association was attenuated to non-significance,with odds ratio of 0.97 (95 ％ confidence interval 0.87-1.09).[Conclusion] Adequate serum total cholesterol level was beneficial for improving short-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with left heart failure and the potential mechanisms might be related to cholesterol effects on improving nutritional status and anti-inflammation.