Objective: To investigate the nutritional status and influencing factors among Tibetan and Mongolian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in high-altitude regions, so as to provide evidence for early prevention and control of malnutrition in this population. Methods: From May to June 2022, a cluster sampling method was employed to recruit 1 019 Tibetan and Mongolian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years from two primary and secondary schools in Golmud City. Physical examinations, dietary frequency questionnaires, and physical activity assessments were conducted. Nutritional status was classified as obesity, combined overweight/obesity, underweight, or central obesity according to national standards including Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-age Children and Adolescents, Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents, Blue Book on Obesity Prevention and Control in China. Chi-square tests, t-test and Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with different nutritional statuses. Results: The detection rates of obesity, combined overweight/obesity, underweight, and central obesity were 8.0%, 18.1%, 5.2%, and 19.7%, respectively. The height of children and adolescents across all age groups was generally lower than the national standard values. Tibetan participants exhibited significantly lower height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ)(9-10, 13-17 years, Z =2.01, 2.78, 4.16, 3.38, 4.12, 3.63, 3.00) and BMI-for-age Z-scores (BAZ) compared to Mongolian participants ( Z =-2.95, -2.47, -2.31, -2.89, -2.14, -2.17)( P < 0.05 ). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that Mongolian children and adolescents had higher risks of obesity ( OR =2.20) and combined overweight/obesity ( OR = 2.18 ) ( P <0.05). Additionally, insufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was associated with an increased risk of central obesity ( OR =1.48, P <0.05), compared with children and adolescents who meet the standard of MVPA. Conclusions The rates of overweight and obesity among Tibetan and Mongolian children and adolescents in Golmud City are higher, influenced by multiple factors. Nutrition interventions and physical activity strategies tailored to ethnic characteristics should be implemented, with emphasis on promoting MVPA to improve nutritional outcomes in this population.

OBJECTIVE To provide a method to reduce environmental residues for pharmacy intravenous admixture service （PIVAS）， and ensure the occupational health of medical staff. METHODS The residues of 15 cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs such as gemcitabine were detected by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS. The cleaning process was optimized with the residual quantity as the index. Nitrogen blowing method was used for alcohol volatilization experiment. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effect of chlorine-containing disinfectant on the toxicity of cytotoxic antitumor drugs. RESULTS The linear range of 15 cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs such as gemcitabine were 0.5-1 000 ng/mL. RSDs of intra-day and intra-day precision were no higher than 20.00%. Six drugs including gemcitabine， isocyclophosphamide and cyclophosphamide were detected in the PIVAS environment of our hospital， and the residue of cyclophosphamide was relatively high. The optimal cleaning procedure was cleaning once with water + cleaning once with 1 000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant + cleaning once with 75% alcohol， wiping with dry gauze method. The results of alcohol volatilization test showed that there was no significant difference in drug residues between control group and 75% alcohol group （P＞0.05）. The results of CCK-8 test showed that compared with control group， the survival rates of the cells treated with 15 cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）； the survival rates of the cells treated with 15 cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs+chlorine-containing disinfectant were significantly higher than those treated with 15 cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS A method for the simultaneous determination for residues of 15 cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs such as gemcitabine in PIVAS is successfully established； the optimal cleaning procedure can significantly reduce the residues of drugs， the use of chlorine- containing disinfectant can significantly reduce the toxicity of drug， and the residual drugs will not cause secondary contamination of the operating area with alcohol volatilization.

【Objective】 To reduce the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction, we tried to improve surgical techniques by closing the cavity formed during radical cystectomy + ileal passage (Bricker) via laparoscopy to prevent the formation of abdominal hernia. 【Methods】 During Oct.2018 and Feb.2022, 41 patients were involved (conventional group). After standard laparoscopic radical cystectomy + pelvic lymphadenectomy, the ileum channel was established. The right medial retroperitoneum was sutured to cover the mesothelium and end of the ileum channel under open operation or endoscope. The space between the ureter and mesothelium of the ileum channel was sealed, and the end of the ileum channel and both ureters were externalized. During Feb.2022 and Dec.2022, 15 patients were involved (modified group). The right inner and outer lateral peritoneums below the ileal conduit were sutured to "bottom out" the gap between the ileal conduit and the right abdominal wall in addition to standard procedures. The recovery of intestinal function and incidence of bowel obstruction were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 In the conventional group, the intestinal function recovered within 2 to 6 days after surgery, with a median ventilation time of 3 days. Intestinal obstruction occurred in 3 patients, 2 of whom improved after conservative treatment while 1 underwent surgical exploration after ineffective conservative therapy. There were no significant differences in the time of discharge and ventilation between the two groups, but no intestinal obstruction occurred in the modified group. 【Conclusion】 Peritoneal externalization at the end of ileal passage can reduce the incidence of intra-abdominal hernia and postoperative intestinal obstruction, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and integrate the best evidence for preoperative evaluation and management of adult day surgery patients.Methods:The guidelines, evidence summary, systematic review, expert consensus and randomized controlled trial on preoperative evaluation and management of adult day surgery patients were systematically searched on Guidelines International Network, Chinese Clinical Guidelines Library, Clinical Practice Guideline of Canadian Medical Association, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Yimaitong, New Zealand Guidelines Group, China Ambulatory Surgery Alliance, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, Chinese Medical Journal Network, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, UpToDate, Cochrane Library, Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Healthcare Center Database, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Elsevier, Embase, Medline, WanFang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database and other databases. After conducting methodological quality evaluation, evidence was extracted and integrated based on the theme. The search period was from the establishment of the database to May 15, 2023. Two researchers trained in evidence-based knowledge conducted a rigorous literature quality evaluation, evidence extraction, and integration of all included literature.Results:A total of 12 articles were included, including two guidelines, six evidence summaries, three expert consensus and one randomized controlled trial. A total of 24 pieces of evidence were collected from five aspects, including evaluation timing and evaluation method, evaluation personnel, evaluation location, evaluation content, education and training, and quality improvement.Conclusions:The best evidence for preoperative evaluation and management of adult day surgery patients provides evidence basis for clinical medical and nursing staff to conduct preoperative evaluation and management comprehensively and effectively.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Kinesio taping on salivation after stroke. MethodsFrom October, 2019 to January, 2021, 40 patients with salivation after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and experimental group (n = 20). Both groups received routine medicine, routine rehabilitation for dysphagia and rehabilitation nursing, while the experimental group received Kinesio taping in addition, for three weeks. They were assessed with Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Water Swallow Test (WST) and Teacher Drooling Scale (TDS) before and after treatment. ResultsOne case dropped in the experimental group. The scores of FOIS, TDS and WST improved in both groups after treatment (|Z| > 2.000, P < 0.05), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (|Z| > 3.045, P < 0.01). ConclusionKinesio taping may relieve the salivation of patients with dysphagia after stroke.

【Objective】 To explore the effects of intraoperative autologous blood(ABT) transfusion on thrombelastography(TEG) in patients underwent neurosurgical procedures. 【Methods】 96 patients (49 males and 47 females) aged 15~79 years who received neurosurgical procedures in our hospital from November 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into autologous blood transfusion group(Group A, n=52)and allogeneic blood transfusion group(Group B, n=44)according to different blood transfusion strategy in operation. The red blood transfusion status, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet (Plt), fibrinogen(Fib), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), and TEG parameters [activated clotting time(ACT), coagulation time (K), angle rate of clot formation(Angle), maximum amplitude(MA)] before and 1 day after surgery were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 The amount of average blood transfusion didn′t differ significantly by groups (P>0.05). The incidence of extra allogeneic blood transfusion was 17.3%(9/52) in group A, and the amount of average allogeneic blood transfusion in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(333.3±81.7 vs 639.8±258.2, P<0.05). Before operation, the differences in Hb, Hct, Plt, Fib, PT, APTT, ACT, K, MA and Angle levels between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). One day after operation, the Hb(g/L) (109.4±15.8 vs 97.0±15.1), Hct (%) (32.0±4.3 vs 28.3±6.1), Plt(×10⁹/L)(154.2±54.2 vs 120.7±41.6), Fib(g/L)(2.2±0.5 vs 1.6±0.6), MA(mm)(65.0±7.2 vs 60.7±8.7) and Angle levels(deg)(69.1±5.2 vs 62.6±9.8) in group A were significantly higher than those in group B(P<0.05), and the PT(s)(11.9±1.5 vs 12.8±0.9), APTT(s)(27.4±3.3 vs 30.4±5.4), ACT(s)(111.0±14.9 vs 119.1±12.3) and K levels(min)(87.2±25.7 vs 106.4±28.0) in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Intraoperative ABT in patients underwent neurosurgical procedures can reduce allogeneic blood transfusion, has less effect on coagulation function and TEG, and is safe and effective.

Objective:To explore the application effect and evaluation of virtual reality technology in oral implant therapy training.Methods:In November 2018, one adult patient (female, 36 years old) with missing right mandibular first molar was treated in the Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University. The three-dimensional virtual models of mandible and implant surgery tools were established, and the virtual reality software (Unity 3D 5.5.1) was imported. Combined with the virtual reality head mounted display, a virtual reality training system simulating the dental implant treatment process was independently developed. Ten refresher doctors and 20 graduate students in Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University from September 2018 to December 2019 were recruited as the experimental objects (no clinical experience was found). According to the level and seniority of doctors, they were randomly divided into virtual training group and conventional training control group, which made the two groups comparable, with 15 in each group. Subjective scores (including anatomical structure, surgical field of vision, cavity preparation, implant placement and process mastery) were given after the corresponding training in the two groups, and the virtual reality training system was used to test. The mesial and distal direction, buccolingual direction, depth and angle deviation of implants before and after the training were analyzed, and the differences between the two groups were compared.Results:The subjective scores of five dimensions in the virtual training group were significantly higher than those in the conventional training control group ( P<0.05). In the virtual training group, the mesial and distal, buccolingual, depth and angle deviation of implants were (0.73±0.33), (0.78±0.41), (0.61±0.32) mm and 6.66°±3.87°. All of them were significantly lower than those in the control group [(0.85±0.32), (1.12±0.38), (0.89±0.24) mm and 9.68°±3.74°] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The self-developed virtual reality system of oral implant has good application effect, good operability and predictability. It can be effectively carried out in implant education and training, and it can strengthen skills of doctors, and is conducive to the practical operation.

Objective:To understand the content of fluorine in tea leachate in Shijiazhuang City.Methods:From 2017 to 2019, different varieties of tea (including 7 varieties of green tea, scented tea, dark tea, oolong tea, black tea, white tea, and yellow tea) with high sales volume were purchased at the Shijiazhuang Tea Market. The fluoride content in tea was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode method through different soaking time (5, 10, 15, 20 min) and soaking times (1, 2, 3 times).Results:A total of 82 tea samples were detected, including 25 kinds of green tea (30.49%), 5 kinds of scented tea (6.10%), 11 kinds of dark tea (13.41%), 17 kinds of oolong tea (20.73%), 15 kinds of black tea (18.29%), 7 kinds of white tea (8.54%) and 2 kinds of yellow tea (2.44%). After soaking for 20 min, the fluorine contents in tea leachate of green tea, oolong tea, black tea, and dark tea (40.63, 65.43, 26.39, 58.90 mg/kg) were significantly higher than those in 5 min(23.09, 32.24, 15.77, 32.00 mg/kg, P < 0.05). Taking the fluorine content of the tea leachate soaking for 20 min as the total fluorine content, oolong tea was the highest, with a median of 65.43 mg/kg; black tea was the lowest, with a median of 26.39 mg/kg; The fluorine contents of oolong tea, dark tea and scented tea were significantly higher than that of black tea( P < 0.05). With the increase of soaking times of green tea, oolong tea, black tea, dark tea and white tea, the fluorine contents in tea leachate decreased significantly ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:In this study, the content of fluorine in the oolong tea is the highest, and the lowest is black tea. It is suggested that local residents in Shijiazhuang should drink black tea.

pressure monitoring is important for monitoring of organ or tissue lesions and real-time analysis of intraoperative conditions. Compared with the traditional electromechanical pressure sensor, the optical fiber pressure sensor has the advantages of small size, high sensitivity, high safety and strong ability of resisting electromagnetic interference. It has been widely applied in the medical field. This thesis reviews the development of optical fiber pressure sensors and the application of pressure monitoring in the medical field. It emphatically analyses the monitoring of the optical fiber pressure sensor in cardiovascular and blood, intracranial, airway, gastrointestinal tract and other tissues or organs. Analysis shows that the favorable result of monitor can be got using optical fiber pressure sensor in different tissues or organs.