Biohybrid robots are hybrid systems that deeply integrate living biological components （such as cells, tissues, organs, or microorganisms） with artificial synthetic components （including sensors, actuators, control systems, and structural materials）. Focusing on key advancements in cellular/microbial-level and tissue-level biohybrid robots, the applications in two major scenarios: targeted drug delivery in vivo and drug evaluation in vitro were reviewed. International research progress demonstrated that biohybrid robots offered novel solutions for overcoming deep tissue delivery barriers, enhancing biocompatibility, and enabling real-time monitoring. However, their clinical translation still faced critical challenges, including reproducibility, in vivo/in vitro nutrient supply, encapsulation technologies, and safety regulatory frameworks.

PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of novel distraction support (DS) in intramedullary nailing treatment for tibial shaft fracture. METHODS: The random controlled trial included adult patients with tibial shaft fractures who were treated with intramedullary nailing at the trauma center between July 2013 and December 2018. Participants were randomly assigned to either control group (n=43) or DS group (n=42) based on whether DS was used during the operation. All surgical procedures were conducted by a single, experienced surgeon. Parameters such as hospital stay, blood loss, operative time, infection, delayed union, and malalignment were recorded for assessment. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normality, and the F test was adopted to measure variance homogeneity. Continuous variables were presented as mean±standard deviation and compared via independent samples t-tests. Categorical variables are expressed as percentages. The Pearson's Chi-squared or Fisher's exact test was used for categorical variables n (%). Two-sided p<0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS: A total of 85 participants were enrolled in the study. All cases achieved acceptable reduction. The operative time was significantly shorter in the DS group than in control group ((75.3±10.5) min vs. (90.4±15.5) min, p<0.001). Additionally, the DS group showed lesser blood loss ((60.1±27.2) mL vs. (85.4±25.4) mL, p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of hospital stay ((9.4±2.7) days vs. (10.2±3.1) days, p=0.370), infection (3 (7.1%) vs. 2 (4.7%), p=0.978), delayed union (2 (4.8%) vs. 5 (11.6%), p=0.450), and malalignment (3 (7.1%) vs. 5 (11.6%), p=0.713). CONCLUSION The use of DS in intramedullary nailing surgery is effective. The application of this DS system may represent a valuable addition to future clinical practice.
Humans ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methods* ; Tibial Fractures/surgery* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Length of Stay ; Young Adult ; Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods*

Objective:Multi-drug resistant bacterial infection（MRSA） complications occurring in cochlear implant recipients is rare and of serious consequence. This paper aimed to summarize the treatment experience of a patient with MRSA infection after cochlear implantation. A patient with nasopharyngeal malignant tumor after radiotherapy developed to severe sensorineural deafness. She suffered MRSA infection nine days after cochlear implantation. Since the wound failed to heal after weeks of topical and systemic sensitive antibiotic therapy, the patient underwent surgery for wound debridement. The stimulator-receiver and the electrode of the implant was removed, negative pressure wound therapy was applied, and systemic anti-infection treatment with sensitive antibiotics for weeks, the patients recovered and was discharged from hospital 69 days after infection.
Humans ; Cochlear Implantation/adverse effects* ; Female ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Staphylococcal Infections/therapy* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Cochlear Implants ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Postoperative Complications ; Middle Aged

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of two fiber post removal methods,guide-supported and ultra-sound assisted,for the removal of fiber posts in molars using in vitro experiments.Methods Twelve human extracted molars were ran-domly divided into a guide group and an ultrasound group for root canal treatment and fiber post restoration.The fiber posts were re-moved using digital guide and ultrasound instruments,respectively.The time of removal of fiber post and the degree of tooth tissue dam-age was compared between two groups.Results The operation time for each tooth in the ultrasound group was(11.14±1.62)minutes,while that in the guide group was(5.40±0.90)minutes.The ultrasound group had a significantly longer duration than the guide group,and the degree of crown damage to dental tissue was also significantly higher than that of the guide group.Conclusion Removing fiber posts with the support of guide can shorten clinical operation time,reduce technical sensitivity,and preserve remaining dental tissue as much as possible.

Background In recent years, radiation diagnosis and treatment technology has been increasingly applied and popularized in the medical field, and the status of radiation health protection has attracted widespread attention. Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of radiological health protection in radiation workers in Jiading District of Shanghai. Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 441 radiation workers from 33 medical institutions in Jiading District, Shanghai to conduct a questionnaire survey from May to August 2023. Basic information and radiation protection associated knowledge, attitude, and behavior were collected from the study participants, and the scores of knowledge, attitude, and behavior were calculated. Factors affecting the behavior were evaluated by multiple linear regression. Results A total of 441 subjects were included in this study, with an age range of 22-71 years, 53.06% male and 46.94% female. In terms of knowledge, the correct response rate of the study subjects to the seven questions on the basics of radiation protection ranged from 44.22%-96.60%, with the lowest rate of 44.22% for the question on "radiation stochastic effect diseases". The subjects acquired knowledge about radiation hygiene mainly through vocational training (98.41%), and wanted to acquire knowledge mainly about the basics of nuclear and radiation (76.42%). In terms of attitude, the recognition level (strongly agree/agree) of the study subjects on the six attitude questions ranged from 73.47% to 96.37%, in which only 56.92% of the radiological staff at tertiary hospitals believed that the radiation dose they were exposed to at work would be hazardous to their health, and 73.85% believed that it was necessary to participate in training on knowledge of radiological protection, both lower than those in other levels of hospitals. In terms of behavior, the implementation rate (always/often) of the five behavioral questions by the study participants ranged from 75.28% to 91.84%, and there was a statistically significant difference in the total behavioral scores of the study participants by levels of hospitals (P=0.015). The results of multiple linear regression showed that gender, age, and radiation work permit associated with the behavioral scores of the study subjects. Conclusion In Jiading District, Shanghai, the coginitive rate of radiation workers' basic knowledge of theoretical protection still needs to be improved, and occupational training should be carried out in a targeted manner; the attitude of radiation workers varies by levels of hospitals, and the publicity and education of workers at tertiary hospitals in particular should be strengthened; and the supervision and management of male, senior, and non-certified radiation workers in hospitals of different levels should be enhanced.

Objective:To explore the predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) combined with blood glucose at admission for a positive blood culture for sepsis.Methods:A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted. According to the 2016 American Society of Critical Care/European Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM/ESICM) and diagnostic criteria for sepsis and septic shock-3.0 (sepsis-3.0), patients with sepsis were admitted to the Emergency Department of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital for more than 24 h from January 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled. Age, gender, sequential organ failure assessment, source of infection, NLR, and blood culture results were recorded. Based on the blood culture results, patients were divided into a blood culture positive group (Gram-positive group, Gram-negative group) and blood culture negative group, and the differences between the groups were compared. The risk factors for a positive blood culture were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed for the NLR combined with the blood glucose measurement.Results:A total of 265 patients with sepsis were included, of which 62 were positive in blood culture (15 Gram-positive patients, 37 Gram-negative patients and 10 fungal patients). The positive rate of blood culture was 23.4%. The number of patients with history of diabetes, neutrophil count, procalcitonin, blood glucose, and NLR in the positive blood culture group were significantly higher than those in the negative blood culture group (all P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that random admission blood glucose ( OR=1.116, 95% CI: 1.051~1.186, P<0.001) and NLR ( OR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.015~1.064, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for blood culture positivity in sepsis patients. For patients with blood culture positive, and with Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections, the AUC of the NLR combined with the admission blood glucose level was 0.819 (95% CI: 0.761-0.877, P<0.001) and 0.871 (95% CI: 0.813-0.928, P<0.001), respectively. Conclusions:The combination of NLR and random admission blood glucose could provide a good predictive value for blood culture positive and gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections in sepsis patients.

Background::Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays an important role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). Their involvement ranges from genetic regulation to cancer progression. However, the mechanistic roles of RP11-789C1.1 in GC are not fully understood.Methods::We identified the expression of lncRNA RP11-789C1.1 in GC tissues and cell lines by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A series of functional experiments revealed the effect of RP11-789C1.1 on the proliferation of GC cells. In vivo experiments verified the effect of RP11-789C1.1 on the biological behavior of a GC cell line. RNA pull-down unveiled RP11-789C1.1 interacting proteins. Western blot analysis indicated the downstream pathway changes of RP11-789C1.1, and an oxaliplatin dosing experiment disclosed the influence of RP11-789C1.1 on the drug sensitivity of oxaliplatin. Results::Our results demonstrated that RP11-789C1.1 inhibited the proliferation of GC cells and promoted the apoptosis of GC cells. Mechanistically, RP11-789C1.1 inhibited checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) phosphorylation by binding ataxiatelangiectasia mutated and Rad3 related (ATR), a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, promoted GC apoptosis, and mediated oxaliplatin sensitivity.Conclusion::In general, we discovered a tumor suppressor molecule RP11-789C1.1 and confirmed its mechanism of action, providing a theoretical basis for targeted GC therapy.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the management of early gastrointestinal lesions.Methods:Upon endoscopic identification of the lesion, normal saline is injected into the submucosa to establish a fluid cushion, which elevates the lesion's mucosa. Methylene blue may also be applied to improve visualization of the relationship between the submucosa and muscular layer. A snare with a tip diameter of 2-3 mm is utilized to circumferentially incise the mucosal layer at the lesion's edge, forming a circular groove. The snare is anchored within this groove, allowing for complete resection of the lesion in a single step. The procedure involves a slow and alternating technique of electrosurgical cutting and coagulation to minimize bleeding risks, while upward tension on the snare during cutting reduces perforation risks. Direct coagulation of exposed blood vessels is performed using the snare tip, and hemostatic clips are applied to larger defects; nylon sutures may be utilized for substantial wounds.Results:Between June 2015 and April 2024, modified EMR was performed on 65 patients with early gastrointestinal lesions at Dongguan Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University. The mean operative time was (15.2 ± 3.1) minutes, with a complete resection rate of 100% and negative margins confirmed. Postoperative complications included one case each of delayed bleeding and electrosurgical syndrome. The average cost of consumables was (1887.2±187.6) yuan. Follow-up colonoscopies at 3 and 6 months postoperatively indicated no recurrences.Conclusions:Modified EMR demonstrates a short operative time, high safety and efficacy, and reduced material costs in the treatment of early gastrointestinal mucosal lesions.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the management of early gastrointestinal lesions.Methods:Upon endoscopic identification of the lesion, normal saline is injected into the submucosa to establish a fluid cushion, which elevates the lesion's mucosa. Methylene blue may also be applied to improve visualization of the relationship between the submucosa and muscular layer. A snare with a tip diameter of 2-3 mm is utilized to circumferentially incise the mucosal layer at the lesion's edge, forming a circular groove. The snare is anchored within this groove, allowing for complete resection of the lesion in a single step. The procedure involves a slow and alternating technique of electrosurgical cutting and coagulation to minimize bleeding risks, while upward tension on the snare during cutting reduces perforation risks. Direct coagulation of exposed blood vessels is performed using the snare tip, and hemostatic clips are applied to larger defects; nylon sutures may be utilized for substantial wounds.Results:Between June 2015 and April 2024, modified EMR was performed on 65 patients with early gastrointestinal lesions at Dongguan Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University. The mean operative time was (15.2 ± 3.1) minutes, with a complete resection rate of 100% and negative margins confirmed. Postoperative complications included one case each of delayed bleeding and electrosurgical syndrome. The average cost of consumables was (1887.2±187.6) yuan. Follow-up colonoscopies at 3 and 6 months postoperatively indicated no recurrences.Conclusions:Modified EMR demonstrates a short operative time, high safety and efficacy, and reduced material costs in the treatment of early gastrointestinal mucosal lesions.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the causal association between ticagrelor and risk of infection METHODS Two-sample Mendelian randomization was adopted. Genetic instrumental variables were selected based on the results of the largest genome-wide association analysis to in vivo exposure of ticagrelor and its major active metabolite AR-C124910XX. The causal associations of ticagrelor and its major active metabolite AR-C124910XX with drug indications （coronary artery disease， unstable angina pectoris， myocardial infarction， stroke and ischemic stroke）were analyzed by inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization model as a positive control for genetic instrumental variables. The causal relationship between ticagrelor and bacterial infection， acute lower respiratory infection， bacterial pneumoniae， pneumoniae，acute upper respiratory infection and sepsis were furtheranalyzed by using this method， and the robustness of the results was assessed by using heterogeneity tests and horizontal 202002030415） pleiotropy tests. RESULTS The increase of area under the curve at steady state （AUCss） of the genetic surrogated ticagrelor significantly reduced the risk of coronary artery disease， myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris （P＜0.001）. AUCss genetic instrument variables of its main active metabolite AR-C124910XX failed to pass positive control. Further analysis showed that the increase of the genetic surrogated ticagrelor exposure suggestively reduced the risk of bacterial infection [OR（95%CI）＝0.80（0.65，0.99），P＝0.040] and sepsis [OR （95%CI）＝0.84（0.73， 0.98）， P＝0.023]. The results of the heterogeneity tests showed that there was no heterogeneity in the causal association of the genetic surrogated ticagrelor AUCss with bacterial infection and sepsis （P＞0.05）. The results of horizontal pleiotropy tests showed that the causal association of genetic surrogated ticagrelor AUCss with bacterial infection and sepsis had no effects on horizontal pleiotropy （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Ticagrelor has a potential role in reducing the risk of sepsis and bacterial infections.