Objective: To analyze the cause of discrepancy between ABO genotype B102/O01 and serological results in one case by PCR-SSP, to clarify the serological characteristics of this special blood group, and to explore relevant blood transfusion strategies. Methods: Blood group serological tests were performed on blood donor in August and December 2024, including forward and reverse ABO typing using tube method, H antigen identification, direct anti-human globulin test by tube method, red blood cell absorption-elution test, and determination of ABH blood group substance in saliva. Exons 1-7 of the ABO gene were amplified by PCR-SSP and sequenced. Results: The two separate serological tests consistently identified the donor as having an A B phenotype, but the results of gene sequencing indicated a B102/O01 genotype, showing an discrepancy between serological and genetic results. Conclusion: It is very likely that the blood type of the blood donor is B102/O01 with a microchimerism of type A, or an AB type masked by A type reference gene.

Chronic heart failure （CHF） is an end-stage cardiac syndrome driven by multiple factors. Its pathological process involves interactions of multiple pathways such as energy metabolism dysfunction， neuroendocrine dysregulation， and myocardial fibrosis. Although current clinical medicine can alleviate symptoms through single-target approaches， significant limitations in reversing cardiac remodeling and disease progression remain. Puerarin， a major bioactive isoflavone constituent derived from Pueraria lobata， exhibits multidimensional pharmacological effects， such as vasodilatory effects， regulation of neuroendocrine balance， enhancement of metabolic homeostasis， and suppression of myocardial apoptosis. This review systematically integrated puerarin's multi-target regulatory network， elucidating its mechanisms such as improving energy metabolism by AMP-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin （AMPK/mTOR） pathway， inhibiting fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signals， and attenuating oxidative-inflammatory cascades by regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2 （E₂）-related factor 2/nuclear transcription factor-κB（Nrf2/NF-κB） axis. Clinical research data was used to validate its efficacy in improving the left ventricular ejection function and reducing the therapeutic potential of cardiovascular events' risks. The study proposed that puerarin's "systemic regulation" characteristic breaks through the limitations of traditional single-target drugs and prospected its clinical translation pathway based on metabolomics and nano-delivery technology， offering an integrative perspective from molecular mechanisms to precise therapy for the research on modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Chronic heart failure （CHF） is an end-stage cardiac syndrome driven by multiple factors. Its pathological process involves interactions of multiple pathways such as energy metabolism dysfunction， neuroendocrine dysregulation， and myocardial fibrosis. Although current clinical medicine can alleviate symptoms through single-target approaches， significant limitations in reversing cardiac remodeling and disease progression remain. Puerarin， a major bioactive isoflavone constituent derived from Pueraria lobata， exhibits multidimensional pharmacological effects， such as vasodilatory effects， regulation of neuroendocrine balance， enhancement of metabolic homeostasis， and suppression of myocardial apoptosis. This review systematically integrated puerarin's multi-target regulatory network， elucidating its mechanisms such as improving energy metabolism by AMP-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin （AMPK/mTOR） pathway， inhibiting fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signals， and attenuating oxidative-inflammatory cascades by regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2 （E₂）-related factor 2/nuclear transcription factor-κB（Nrf2/NF-κB） axis. Clinical research data was used to validate its efficacy in improving the left ventricular ejection function and reducing the therapeutic potential of cardiovascular events' risks. The study proposed that puerarin's "systemic regulation" characteristic breaks through the limitations of traditional single-target drugs and prospected its clinical translation pathway based on metabolomics and nano-delivery technology， offering an integrative perspective from molecular mechanisms to precise therapy for the research on modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective: To explore the relationship of social anxiety and emotion regulation strategy with short video addiction among college students, so as to provide reference for alleviating social anxiety, improving the level of emotion regulation and preventing short video addiction. Methods: From May to June 2024, 2 172 college students from a university in Guangzhou were selected by multistage random cluster sampling method. The Interaction Anxiousness Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Short Video Addiction Scale were used as the measurement tools. The potential profile was used to analyze the potential categories of social anxiety and emotion regulation strategy. The Chi square test was used to analyze the characteristics of the distribution of potential profile categories of college students with different demographic characteristics. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between social anxiety, emotion regulation strategy and short video addiction. Results: The potential categories of social anxiety and emotion regulation strategy in college students were divided into adaptive regulation type (784 cases, 36.10 %), low anxiety-expression type (623 cases, 28.68%), inhibition-anxiety type (478 cases, 22.01%), high anxiety-disorder type (287 cases, 13.21%). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of various potential categories of social anxiety and emotion regulation strategy among cadres of different gender, family residence, class cadres or not ( χ 2=42.55, 17.86 , 39.05, all P <0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after controlling the confounding factors such as demographic variables, the potential categories of social anxiety and emotion regulation strategy of college students (low anxiety-expression type, inhibition-anxiety type, high anxiety-disorder type) were the important related factors of short video addiction ( β =0.15,0.25,0.35, all P <0.05). Conclusions Social anxiety and emotion regulation strategy of college students exhibit distinct categorical characteristics, and its varying latent categories are associated with short video addiction. Schools should implement targeted intervention measures for different categories of college students to promote their comprehensive mental health development.

Background: The tight junction protein claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) has been implicated in poor prognosis and suboptimal immunotherapy response in gastric cancer (GC). This study investigates the clinicopathological relevance of CLDN18.2 expression and its association with molecular subtypes in GC patients from a high-incidence region, combining transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to explore how CLDN18.2 contributes to progression and metastasis. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 494 GC patients (2019–2024) underwent immunohistochemical analysis for CLDN18.2, Epstein-Barr virus (Epstein–Barr virus–encoded RNA), p53, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and mismatch repair proteins (MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, and MSH6). CLDN18.2 positivity was defined as moderate to strong (2+/3+) membranous staining in ≥75% of tumor cells. Clinicopathological correlations, biomarker associations, and survival outcomes were evaluated. Transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing was performed to explore molecular mechanisms. Results: CLDN18.2 positivity was observed in 26.9% (133/494) of gastric adenocarcinomas. CLDN18.2-positive tumors correlated with TNM stage (p = .003) and shorter overall survival (p = .018). No associations were identified with age, sex, HER2 status, microsatellite instability, or Epstein-Barr virus infection. Transcriptomic profiling revealed CLDN18.2-high tumors enriched in pathways involving cell junction disruption, signaling regulation, and immune modulation. Proteomic profiling showed that tumors with high CLDN18.2 were enriched in multiple mechanism-related pathways such as integrated metabolic reprogramming, cytoskeletal recombination, immune microenvironment dysregulation, and pro-survival signaling. These mechanisms may collectively contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. Conclusions CLDN18.2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in GC patients. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrate that CLDN18.2 promotes tumor progression and metastasis, underscoring its potential as an independent prognostic factor in regions with a high incidence of GC.

Objective: To compare and analyze the antibacterial effects of platelets against five common clinical pathogenic bacteria including MRSA, SE, SA, E. coli, and CRKP, and to preliminarily explore the role of DCD sensitivity in the observed variations of antibacterial effects. Methods: The same number of platelets were used to establish co-culture systems of platelets and platelet lysates with the five pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effects of platelets and platelet lysates on the five pathogenic bacteria were evaluated by observing the turbidity of the bacterial solution, measuring the OD value of the bacterial solution and counting the colonies. The supernatant protein of platelets co-cultured with MRSA was collected for quantitative proteomics analysis to explore the important antibacterial proteins of platelets. The content of DCD in the supernatant after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with the five pathogenic bacteria was detected by ELISA to preliminarily analyze the reasons for the different antibacterial effects of platelets on the five pathogenic bacteria. Results: Compared with the control group of MRSA, SA, and SE, the turbidity of the bacterial solution decreased after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with MRSA, SA, and SE for 12 h, and the OD value and colony count were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The turbidity of the bacterial solution did not change significantly after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with E. coli for 24 h, but the OD value decreased (P<0.05), and the colony count decreased to 10 CFU/mL but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group of CRKP, the turbidity, OD value, and colony count of the bacterial solution did not change significantly after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with CRKP (P>0.05). Proteomics results showed that after co-culture with MRSA, important proteins related to platelet activation, including collagen, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, integrin αIIbβ3, platelet glycoprotein V and IV were significantly up-regulated. ELISA results showed that after co-culture with the five pathogenic bacteria, platelets could secrete a large amount of DCD, with the content around 3 μg/mL. Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of platelets on Gram-positive bacteria MRSA, SA, and SE is better than that on Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and CRKP, and platelets have the best antibacterial effect on MRSA. The differences in antibacterial effects of platelets on the five pathogenic bacteria may be related to the sensitivity of DCD antibacterial peptides to the five pathogenic bacteria.

Objective: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese patent medicines and classic traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions were systematically reviewed from both Chinese and English journals published in 2023. A preliminary summary and evaluation were conducted on the generation and translation of clinical evidence for these treatments. This analysis aims to inform future research on clinical efficacy evaluation and guide the rational application of evidence. Methods: RCTs of Chinese patent medicines and classic traditional Chinese prescriptions published in 2023 were comprehensively retrieved from the Artificial Intelligence Clinical Evidence Database for Chinese Patent Medicine (AICED-CPM), with supplementary searches conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The study characteristics and methodological quality of these RCTs were systematically analyzed and evaluated. Results: A total of 1 443 RCTs of Chinese patent medicines were included, comprising 1 399 Chinese articles and 44 English articles. Additionally, 334 RCTs of classic traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions were found, with 331 published in Chinese and 3 in English. 196 567 participants were included, covering 585 types of Chinese patent medicines (487 oral, 61 injectable, and 37 topical) and 179 classic traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. The involved studies encompassed 22 types of diseases, with research primarily focusing on diseases of the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the genitourinary system. The sample sizes ranged from 18 to 3 777 participants, and most studies were conducted at a single center. Methodologically, the implementation of allocation concealment and blinding remained insufficiently emphasized. Conclusion Overall, compared with 2022, both the number of RCT publications and their methodological quality have improved in 2023, with heightened attention to research on diseases of the genitourinary system. However, quality control and standardized management in the design and implementation processes still require enhancement to produce more high-quality clinical evidence and accelerate the translation and application of this evidence.

Objective:To evaluate the safety of neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin in patients with advanced temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC), and its impact on tumor response rate and disease-free survival (DFS).Methods:This prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study enrolled patients with advanced (Stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ) TBSCC from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. Patients received 2-3 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab, 5-FU, and cisplatin, followed by definitive surgery. Postoperatively, patients received 6 cycles of pembrolizumab combined with radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was the 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR) and safety indicators. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Adverse events (AE) were assessed using the National Cancer Institute′s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 5.0. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software, version 22.0.Results:From August 2021 to April 2024, 16 patients with advanced TBSCC were enrolled (13 males and 3 females), with a median age of 54 years and a median follow-up time of 2.32 years. Following neoadjuvant therapy, the objective response rate (ORR) was 64.3% (9/14), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 92.9% (13/14). The 2-year DFS rate was 86.6%. Common treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) included leukopenia (56.3%, 9/16), nausea and vomiting (50.0%, 8/16), diarrhea, oral mucositis, and elevated liver function tests (25.0%, 4/16). One patient (6.25%) experienced a grade 3 adverse event.Conclusion:Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-chemotherapy significantly enhances objective response rate and disease-free survival in advanced TBSCC.

Objective To investigate the effect of lung lobe surface projection localization combined with lung segment drainage sputum technique on airway clearance in patients with aspiration pneumonia,providing a reference for clinical nursing practice.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 62 patients with perioperative aspiration pneumonia secondary to brain diseases admitted to a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from May 2022 to October 2024 as the research subjects.A total of 31 patients admitted from August 2023 to October 2024 were assigned to a control group,and 31 patients admitted from May 2022 to July 2023 were assigned to an experimental group.The experimental group received lung lobe surface projection positioning combined with lung segment drainage sputum technique on top of conventional back percussion sputum clearance technique,while the control group received conventional back percussion sputum clearance technique.After the intervention,the differences in oxygenation state,inflammatory test indicators,treatment efficiency,vital signs and frequency of suction coughing between 2 groups were compared.Results After the intervention,the experimental group showed better oxygenation index,frequency of suction coughing,white blood cell count,percentage of neutrophils,procalcitonin levels,interleukin-6 levels,and treatment efficiency compared to those in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate,respiratory rate,and C-reactive protein levels between 2 groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lung lobe surface projection positioning combined can effectively promote the patients with aspiration pneumonia of loosening of sputum in the lungs,improve airway clearance efficiency,enhance the patient's pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange capacity,improve oxygenation levels,and reduce systemic inflammatory levels.

Objective:To explore the clinical manifestation and genotype of a child with Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 8 (PFIC8) due to variant of KIF12 gene. Methods:A child diangosed with PFIC8 at Changzhou Children′s Hospital in October 2017 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Peripheral blood samples (3 mL each) were collected from the patient, her parents and younger sister. Following extraction of genomic DNA, whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out. Candidate variants were validated using Sanger sequencing. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the pathogenicity of candidate variants was classified. This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Changzhou Children′s Hospital (Ethics No.: 2023-002).Results:The main clinical manifestations of the child included high GGT cholestasis, portal hypertension, splenomegaly, and abnormal liver enzymes. WES revealed that she has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the KIF12 gene, namely c. 245G >A (p.Arg82Gln) and c. 1291del (p.Ser431Valfs*13). Bioinformatics analyses showed that both variants were pathogenic. A total of 25 cases were reported in 7 English literature, including 13 males and 12 females. All patients had presented with high GGT cholestasis. Some had progressed to cirrhosis, and 3 cases also had renal lesions. No death was reported. Six children were treated with LTx. Nineteen children were found to harbor homozygous variants of the KIF12 gene, and the remaining six harbored compound heterozygous variants of the same gene. The most common mutation was c. 655C>T (p.Arg219*). The mutation sites are mainly located in the Kinesin motor catalytic domain, with high GGT cholestasis as the main clinical feature. No correlation was found between the genotype and phenotype. Conclusion:PFIC8 caused by KIF12 deficiency is mainly characterized by high GGT cholestasis, for which there is no effective treatment. The c. 245G>A and c. 1291del compound heterozygous variants of the KIF12 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis in this child.