Objective:To investigate the predictive value of thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators for adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicated by hypothyroidism.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 80 pregnant women with GDM complicated by hypothyroidism who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from February 2022 to February 2024. The patients were divided into two groups: the adverse outcome group ( n = 48) and the normal outcome group ( n = 32) based on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in these women. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results:In the adverse outcome group, the proportion of women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2, triglyceride level, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen level, thyroid-stimulating hormone level, and thyroid-stimulating hormone index were 58.33% (28/48), (5.77 ± 0.25) mmol/L, (31.79 ± 2.68) seconds, (4.39 ± 0.37) g/L, (5.05 ± 1.07) mU/L, and (3.15 ± 0.24), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal outcome group ( χ2 = 4.41, t = -3.56, -3.23, -2.61, -4.17, -9.15, all P < 0.05). Conversely, the levels of free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyrotroph T4 resistance index, and thyroid feedback quantile index in the adverse outcome group were (9.32 ± 1.04) pmol/L, (3.17 ± 0.42) pmol/L, (33.09 ± 4.26), and (0.19 ± 0.07), respectively, which were all significantly lower than those in the normal outcome group ( t = 4.44, 3.51, 4.31, 2.21, all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that pre-pregnancy body mass index [ OR = 2.673, 95% CI(1.057,6.761)], triglyceride level [ OR = 25.623, 95% CI(3.208,204.673)], activated partial thromboplastin time [ OR = 1.365, 95% CI(1.106,1.685)], fibrinogen level [ OR = 3.111, 95% CI(1.257,7.701)], thyroid-stimulating hormone level [ OR = 2.969, 95% CI(1.613,5.465)], free thyroxine level [ OR = 0.441, 95% CI(0.280,0.695)], free triiodothyronine level [ OR = 0.172, 95% CI(0.057,0.516)], thyroid-stimulating hormone index [ OR = 6.298, 95% CI(1.099, 36.094)], thyrotroph T4 resistance index [ OR = 0.799, 95% CI(0.704,0.907)], and thyroid feedback quantile index [ OR = 0.057, 95% CI(0.168,0.478)] were all factors that influence adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM complicated by hypothyroidism (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes using the combined thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators was 0.809 [95% CI (0.704, 0.915), P < 0.001], with a sensitivity of 0.896, specificity of 0.687, and a maximum Youden index of 0.583. Conclusions:The thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators have a certain predictive value for adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM complicated by hypothyroidism. These indicators can provide important reference for clinical prediction and intervention of adverse pregnancy outcomes in this patient population.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators for adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicated by hypothyroidism.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 80 pregnant women with GDM complicated by hypothyroidism who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from February 2022 to February 2024. The patients were divided into two groups: the adverse outcome group ( n = 48) and the normal outcome group ( n = 32) based on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in these women. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results:In the adverse outcome group, the proportion of women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2, triglyceride level, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen level, thyroid-stimulating hormone level, and thyroid-stimulating hormone index were 58.33% (28/48), (5.77 ± 0.25) mmol/L, (31.79 ± 2.68) seconds, (4.39 ± 0.37) g/L, (5.05 ± 1.07) mU/L, and (3.15 ± 0.24), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal outcome group ( χ2 = 4.41, t = -3.56, -3.23, -2.61, -4.17, -9.15, all P < 0.05). Conversely, the levels of free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyrotroph T4 resistance index, and thyroid feedback quantile index in the adverse outcome group were (9.32 ± 1.04) pmol/L, (3.17 ± 0.42) pmol/L, (33.09 ± 4.26), and (0.19 ± 0.07), respectively, which were all significantly lower than those in the normal outcome group ( t = 4.44, 3.51, 4.31, 2.21, all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that pre-pregnancy body mass index [ OR = 2.673, 95% CI(1.057,6.761)], triglyceride level [ OR = 25.623, 95% CI(3.208,204.673)], activated partial thromboplastin time [ OR = 1.365, 95% CI(1.106,1.685)], fibrinogen level [ OR = 3.111, 95% CI(1.257,7.701)], thyroid-stimulating hormone level [ OR = 2.969, 95% CI(1.613,5.465)], free thyroxine level [ OR = 0.441, 95% CI(0.280,0.695)], free triiodothyronine level [ OR = 0.172, 95% CI(0.057,0.516)], thyroid-stimulating hormone index [ OR = 6.298, 95% CI(1.099, 36.094)], thyrotroph T4 resistance index [ OR = 0.799, 95% CI(0.704,0.907)], and thyroid feedback quantile index [ OR = 0.057, 95% CI(0.168,0.478)] were all factors that influence adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM complicated by hypothyroidism (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes using the combined thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators was 0.809 [95% CI (0.704, 0.915), P < 0.001], with a sensitivity of 0.896, specificity of 0.687, and a maximum Youden index of 0.583. Conclusions:The thyroid hormone sensitivity indicators have a certain predictive value for adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM complicated by hypothyroidism. These indicators can provide important reference for clinical prediction and intervention of adverse pregnancy outcomes in this patient population.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula on airway inflammation in mice with acute asthma and explore its possible mechanism.METHODS A total of 36 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,dexamethasone group,low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups of Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula,with 6 mice in each group.Except for the normal group,the other groups were given ovalbumin to establish the acute asthma attack mouse model.The normal group and the model group were given distilled water by gavage,and the Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula groups were given Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula by gavage at the corresponding dose,once a day,for 5 consecutive days.Whole Body Plethysmography was used to measure the changes of enhanced respiratory interval(Pehn)of bronchial contraction parameters in mice.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue in mice.ELISA method was adopted to detect the expression levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β),interleukin 18(IL-18)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)in lung tissue homogenate of mice.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression level of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3)in lung tissue of mice.Western blot method was employed to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation-associated protein κ gene binding nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3),NIMA-associated kinase 7(NEK7),Caspase 1(Cleaved-Caspase 1)and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC)in lung tissue of mice.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the Penh level of mice in the model group was increased(P<0.001),and the pathological results of lung tissue showed that the number of inflammatory cells around the airway increased,the inflammatory score increased(P<0.001),the expression of IL-1β,IL-18,and TNF-α in lung tissue homogenate increased(P<0.001),and the expression of NF-κB,NLRP3,NEK7,Cleaved-Caspase 1,and ASC proteins in lung tissue increased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001).Compared with the model group,the Penh level of mice in the Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula groups and the dexamethasone group was reduced(P<0.05,P<0.001),the number of inflammatory cells in lung tissue decreased,and the inflammatory score decreased(P<0.001);the expression of IL-1β,IL-18,and TNF-α in lung tissue homogenate decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001);the expression of NF-κB,NLRP3,NEK7,Cleaved-Caspase 1,and ASC pro-teins in lung tissue decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula can improve lung function and airway inflammation in asthma model mice,and its mechanism may be related to regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β secretion.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula on airway inflammation in mice with acute asthma and explore its possible mechanism.METHODS A total of 36 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,dexamethasone group,low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups of Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula,with 6 mice in each group.Except for the normal group,the other groups were given ovalbumin to establish the acute asthma attack mouse model.The normal group and the model group were given distilled water by gavage,and the Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula groups were given Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula by gavage at the corresponding dose,once a day,for 5 consecutive days.Whole Body Plethysmography was used to measure the changes of enhanced respiratory interval(Pehn)of bronchial contraction parameters in mice.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue in mice.ELISA method was adopted to detect the expression levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β),interleukin 18(IL-18)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)in lung tissue homogenate of mice.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression level of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3)in lung tissue of mice.Western blot method was employed to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation-associated protein κ gene binding nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3),NIMA-associated kinase 7(NEK7),Caspase 1(Cleaved-Caspase 1)and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC)in lung tissue of mice.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the Penh level of mice in the model group was increased(P<0.001),and the pathological results of lung tissue showed that the number of inflammatory cells around the airway increased,the inflammatory score increased(P<0.001),the expression of IL-1β,IL-18,and TNF-α in lung tissue homogenate increased(P<0.001),and the expression of NF-κB,NLRP3,NEK7,Cleaved-Caspase 1,and ASC proteins in lung tissue increased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001).Compared with the model group,the Penh level of mice in the Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula groups and the dexamethasone group was reduced(P<0.05,P<0.001),the number of inflammatory cells in lung tissue decreased,and the inflammatory score decreased(P<0.001);the expression of IL-1β,IL-18,and TNF-α in lung tissue homogenate decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001);the expression of NF-κB,NLRP3,NEK7,Cleaved-Caspase 1,and ASC pro-teins in lung tissue decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Jiangqi Pingxiao Formula can improve lung function and airway inflammation in asthma model mice,and its mechanism may be related to regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β secretion.

Introduction::Observational studies have revealed an association between waist circumference (WC) and atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it is difficult to infer a causal relationship from observational studies because the observed associations could be confounded by unknown risk factors. Therefore, the causal role of WC in AF is unclear. This study was designed to investigate the causal association between WC and AF using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods::In our two-sample MR analysis, the genetic variation used as an instrumental variable for MR was acquired from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of WC (42 single nucleotide polymorphisms with a genetic significance of P <5 × 10 –8). The data of WC (from the Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits consortium, containing 232,101 participants) and the data of AF (from the European Bioinformatics Institute database, containing 55,114 AF cases and 482,295 controls) were used to assess the causal role of WC on AF. Three different approaches (inverse variance weighted [IVW], MR–Egger, and weighted median regression) were used to ensure that our results more reliable. Results::All three MR analyses provided evidence of a positive causal association between high WC and AF. High WC was suggested to increase the risk of AF based on the IVW method (odds ratio [OR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–1.58, P = 2.51 × 10 -13). The results of MR–Egger and weighted median regression exhibited similar trends (MR–Egger OR = 1.40 [95% CI, 1.08–1.81], P = 1.61 × 10 -2; weighted median OR = 1.39 [95% CI, 1.21–1.61], P = 1.62 × 10 -6). MR–Egger intercepts and funnel plots showed no directional pleiotropic effects between high WC and AF. Conclusions::Our findings suggest that greater WC is associated with an increased risk of AF. Taking measures to reduce WC may help prevent the occurrence of AF.

Objective To understand the HIV/AIDS burden and the disease burden attributed to various risk factors in four countries with different socio-demographic index (SDI) (China, United States, Russia, and Afghanistan) from 1990 to 2019, and to predict the HIV/AIDS attributable disease burden from 2020 to 2029. Methods The 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study data was used to describe and compare the incidence, prevalence, death, and DALYs of HIV/AIDS in the four countries. The standardized DALYs attributed to various risk factors in different age groups of HIV/AIDS in the four countries in 1990 and 2019 were compared. R4.3.0 was used to construct an autoregressive moving average mixed model to predict the attributable disease burden in each country over the next decade. Results Compared with 1990, in 2019, the standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate, standardized mortality rate, and standardized DALYs rate in China and the other two countries, except the United States, showed an increase. People aged 10 to 49 years old were a key group for disease burden, and the main risk factors for disease burden varied among different countries and age groups. The autoregressive moving average mixed model predicted that the main risk factor for Russia in the next decade would be injecting drugs, while unsafe sexual behavior would occur in the other three countries. Conclusion There are differences in disease burden and risk factors among different genders and age groups globally and in the four different SDI countries. Therefore, differences should be fully considered to determine the focus of HIV/AIDS prevention and control and rationally allocate health resources.

Objective To study the correlation of an ultra high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)fingerprint of Xiaochengqitang pieces(decoction and granules).Methods The UPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint of 15 batches of Xiaochengqitang pieces(decoction and granules).The correlation of the three UPLC fingerprints was evaluated by similarity analysis,pearson correlation analysis,cluster analysis(CA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Results UPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of Xiaochengqitang pieces(decoction and granules)determined 16 common peaks,and 14 peaks were identified.The similarity of the fingerprints of the 15 batches of Xiaochengqitang pieces(decoction and granules)with the corresponding control fingerprints was greater than 0.90,and the similarity of the three control fingerprints was greater than 0.88.The results of pearson correlation analysis showed that 8 common peaks in Xiaochengqitang pieces(decoction and granules)had a very significant positive correlation.The results of CA showed that the properties of Xiaochengqitang decoction and granules were more similar.The results of PCA showed that the principal components with 4 eigenvalues greater than 1 contained 88％of the information of the original data.OPLS-DA screened 7 differential markers with variable importance projection value greater than 1.Conclusion The main chemical compositions of Xiaochengqitang pieces(decoction and granules)are consistent,which can provide data support for the quality control and clinical use of Xiaochengqitang compound preparation.

Objective This project aimed to study the Miao medicine helleborus thibetanus franchon,including investigating its anti-inflammatory activity in collagen-induced arthritis CIA rats and its mechanism of VEGF/VEGFR2/P38 MAPK pathway regulation.Methods Sixty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal;model;positive drug;and low,medium,high dose groups,with 10 rats in each group.Bovine type Ⅱ collagen solution was injected into the tail of rats to construct the rheumatoid arthritis model,and the positive drug group was given MTX2.0 mg/(kg·d)by gavage once every other day.The three groups of helleborus thibetanus franchon low,medium,and high dose were gavaged with helleborus thibetanus franchon ethanol extract at 0.25,0.5 and 1 g/(kg·d)once a day.The normal and model groups were given an equivalent volume of NaCl solution,with continuous administration lasting for 28 days.During treatment,the general condition of the rats was observed,body weight changes recorded,and foot thickness measured.After treatment and euthanasia,the rats'hind limbs were removed for Micro-CT to detect bone destruction;hematoxylin and eosin staining for pathological investigattion of the synovial membrane;immunohistochemistry to observe neovascularization in the synovium;quantitative reverse-transcription PCR to detect mRNA levels of VEGF-A,VEGFR2,TNF-α in the synovial tissue;and Western Blot to detect the expression of VEGF,VEGFR2,p-P38,p-AKT.The analyses were used to explore the potential mechanisms of action of the Miao medicine helleborus thibetanus franchon in treating rheumatoid arthritis.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group showed significant weight loss(P＜0.01),increased foot swelling(P＜0.01),visible proliferative synovial tissue with inflammatory cell infiltration,erosive lesions on bone surfaces,increased neovascularization in the synovium,and significant bone destruction in Micro-CT,with reduced bone percentage,trabecular thickness,and bone density.The levels of VEGF-A,VEGFR2,TNF-α mRNA and VEGF-A,VEGFR2,p-P38,p-AKT proteins were significantly elevated(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the helleborus thibetanus franchon ethanol extract-treated groups showed improvements in these conditions in a dose-dependent manner,with the high-dose group receiving the best effect.There was a significant increase in the rats'body weight(P＜0.05);reduction in foot swelling(P＜0.05);amelioration of synovial and erosive bone lesions;reduction in neovascularization in the synovium;and significantly lower levels of VEGF-A,VEGFR2,and TNF-α mRNA,and VEGF-A,VEGFR2,p-P38,and p-AKT protein(P＜0.01).Conclusions The Miao medicine plant helleborus thibetanus franchon may alleviate joint inflammatory damage in CIA rats by modulating the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway,thereby exerting therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-150 gene deletion on the breeding and hematologic parameters of mice. Methods:The nest litter size,wean rate and weight changes of miR-150 knock out (miR-150ko) and C57BL/6J mice were com-pared. The hematology indexes were analyzed by automated blood cell counter, the serum biochemical parameters were analyzed by automatic biochemical analyzer. Results:The nest litter size and wean rate of miR-150ko mice were significantly decreased compared with that of C57BL/6J mice. The number of total white blood cells,intermediate cells,neutrophils,and the percentage of neutrophils and intermediate cells were significantly increased in miR-150ko mice compared with that of C57BL/6J mice. However,the number and per-centage of platelets and lymphocytes decreased significantly in miR-150ko mice. In addition,the levels of serum glucose and TC were in-creased significantly in miR-150ko mice compared with that of C57BL/6J mice. Conclusion: miR-150 gene deletion impairs the breeding and has complex impact on hematologic parameters of mice.

Purpose To investigate the positive rate and concordance rate of BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma detected by real-time PCR method and Sanger sequencing. Methods 312 papillary thyroid carcinomas patients were enrolled in this study. Real-time PCR method and Sanger sequencing were performed to detect BRAF gene mutations. The frequency of BRAF mutation and the concordance of two methods were analyzed. Results BRAF mutation was detected in 65. 4% (204/312) and 63. 8% (199/312) of 312 papillary thyroid carcinoma samples by using real-time PCR method and Sanger sequencing, respectively. There was no significant correlation between BRAF gene mutations and patients’ gender. There was significant correlation between BRAF gene mutations and patients’ age. The overall concordance between real-time PCR method and Sanger sequencing for BRAF mutation detection was 98. 4%. Conclusion Real-time PCR method provides an effective method in BRAF gene mutation detection.