[Objective] To investigate the protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (SMI) on the kidneys of HBOC-CHP01 resuscitated haemorrhagic shock rats. [Methods] A 50% haemorrhagic shock rat model was established, with 12 rats divided into two groups: SMI + HBOC-CHP01 group and HBOC-CHP01 group, with 6 rats in each group. The rats in the SMI+ HBOC-CHP01 group were given an equal volume of HBOC-CHP01 for resuscitation after haemorrhagic shock, and an 8 mL/kg dose of SMI. Rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group were resuscitated by administering an equilibrium blood loss volume of HBOC-CHP01 and given an 8 mL/kg dose of 0.9% NaCl solution. Blood was taken from rats at five points: before bloodletting (baseline), during haemorrhagic shock (HS), immediately after resuscitation (RS0h), 1 h after resuscitation (RS1h), and 24 h after resuscitation (RS24h). A blood gas analyser was used to detect the lactate level (Lac), glucose content (Glu), residual base (BEecf), pH, bicarbonate (HCO3-), high iron haemoglobin (MetHb). White blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), haemoglobin content (Hb), carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) were detected using a quintuple classification. Blood creatinine (SCr), uric acid (UA), kidney-related indexes were detected using biochemistry instrument. Kidney tissues of the rats were taken after 24 h of resuscitation and after execution, and the inflammation of kidneys of the rats of the two groups was analyzed using HE staining. Fluorescence staining was used to detect the level of ROS in the kidneys of rats in both groups. [Results] At RS 0h, the Beecf, Glu and Lac levels of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were significantly lower than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group, and the pH level of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly higher than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group, and the Glu levels of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were significantly lower than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group at RS 1h. At RS 0h, the WBC, PLT and COHb contents of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were all significantly higher than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group, and at RS 1h, the WBC content of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly higher than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group; at RS 1h, the UA content of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly lower than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group; at RS 24h, the SCr content of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly lower than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group; at RS 24h, the inflammation level of kidney tissues of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly lower than that of rats in the HBOC -CHP01 group rats, and the ROS and MPO levels in the kidney tissues of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were significantly lower than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group. [Conclusion] The combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection during the resuscitation of rats with severe haemorrhagic shock by HBOC-CHP01 can alleviate renal injury by reducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

[Objective] To extract hemoglobin (Hb) from red blood cells using osmotic pressure swelling method, expected to achieve a hemoglobin dissolution rate of ≥80% and a cell membrane integrity rate of ≥70%. [Methods] Human umbilical cord blood red blood cells were used as raw materials and phosphate buffer solution was used as the swelling solution for red blood cells. A three factor three-level orthogonal experiment (n=3) was conducted to determine the optimal matching conditions for selecting the osmolality molar concentration of phosphate buffer solution, pH value of hypotonic phosphate buffer solution and volume ratio of hypotonic phosphate buffer solution to washed red blood cells. Red blood cell swelling solution samples (n=6) were prepared by the optimal matching conditions and the original process conditions. The hemoglobin dissolution rate and cell membrane integrity rate were checked. In the expanded comparative experiment, red blood cell swelling solution samples (n=6) were prepared by the optimal matching conditions and the original process conditions, which was filtered by ultrafiltration membranes. The filtration time and hemoglobin yield were checked. [Results] The optimal matching conditions for preparing red blood cell swelling solution were obtained through orthogonal experiment as follows: osmotic pressure molar concentration was 30 mOsmol/Kg, pH was 7.8, and phosphate buffer to red blood cell volume ratio was 6∶1. On the basis of the above conditions, the red blood cell swelling solution sample was compared with the original process sample: the hemoglobin dissolution rate was (82.4±1.8)% vs (78.6±3.0)% (P<0.05), and the cell membrane integrity rate was (65.8±4.0)% vs (28.7±2.3)% (P<0.05). In the expanded comparative experiment, the optimal matching conditions were compared with the original process conditions: filtration time(s) (327±9) vs (434±13) (P<0.05), and hemoglobin yield was (72.3±1.2)% vs (66.0±1.4)% (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Compared with the original preparation process, the hemoglobin extraction process which optimized through orthogonal experiments greatly reduces the cell membrane fragmentation rate and minimizes the entry of cell membrane matrix into the target solution, ensuring a slightly higher hemoglobin dissolution rate, and reducing the preparation difficulty for the subsequent cell membrane separation and further purification.

BACKGROUND: The role of inflammation in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has recently become a focus of research. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), novel indices, reflect the body's chronic immune-inflammatory state. This study aimed to investigate the associations between the SII or SIRI and GDM. METHODS: A prospective birth cohort study was conducted at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from February 2018 to December 2020, recruiting participants in their first trimester of pregnancy. Baseline SII and SIRI values were derived from routine clinical blood results, calculated as follows: SII = neutrophil (Neut) count × platelet (PLT) count/lymphocyte (Lymph) count, SIRI = Neut count × monocyte (Mono) count/Lymph count, with participants being grouped by quartiles of their SII or SIRI values. Participants were followed up for GDM with a 75-g, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks of gestation using the glucose thresholds of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG). Logistic regression was used to analyze the odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for the the associations between SII, SIRI, and the risk of GDM. RESULTS: Among the 28,124 women included in the study, the average age was 31.8 ± 3.8 years, and 15.76% (4432/28,124) developed GDM. Higher SII and SIRI quartiles were correlated with increased GDM rates, with rates ranging from 12.26% (862/7031) in the lowest quartile to 20.10% (1413/7031) in the highest quartile for the SII ( Ptrend <0.001) and 11.92-19.31% for the SIRI ( Ptrend <0.001). The ORs (95% CIs) of the second, third, and fourth SII quartiles were 1.09 (0.98-1.21), 1.21 (1.09-1.34), and 1.39 (1.26-1.54), respectively. The SIRI findings paralleled the SII outcomes. For the second through fourth quartiles, the ORs (95% CIs) were 1.24 (1.12-1.38), 1.41 (1.27-1.57), and 1.64 (1.48-1.82), respectively. These associations were maintained in subgroup and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION The SII and SIRI are potential independent risk factors contributing to the onset of GDM.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Diabetes, Gestational/immunology* ; Prospective Studies ; Adult ; Inflammation/immunology* ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Birth Cohort

The incidence,disability and mortality of nervous system diseases have risen sharply worldwide.At present,the pathogenesis and mechanism of nervous system diseases have not been clarified.Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction in Yi Lin Gai Cuo has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,dredging orifices and activating collaterals.This article reviewed the clinical trials and basic research of Tongluo Huoxue Decoction and its modified prescriptions in the treatment of neurological diseases in recent years.It showed that this prescription is often used in the treatment of blood stasis syndrome at the brain orifices,which has a significant effect on improving brain function and treating a variety of intractable diseases related to brain nerves;its pharmacological mechanisms involve regulating neurotransmitters,restoring nerve function,inhibiting oxidative stress along with inflammatory responses,optimizing hemodynamics and blood rheology retarding vascular remodeling,and promoting angiogenesis.

Objective:To develop and validate risk prediction models for hypertension comorbidity in community-dwelling patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:The health records of 2 979 T2DM patients from two community health service centers in Fengtai District of Beijing from January 2023 to January 2024 were collected,including 2 591 cases from Fangzhuang Center(model development group) and 388 cases from Youanmen Center(external validation group). Patients in model development group were randomly assigned in a training set( n=1 813) and an internal validation set(778 cases) at a ratio of 7∶3. The risk factors associated with hypertention comorbidity in T2DM patients were identified with LASSO regression analysis,based on which risk prediction models was developed using six machine learning algorithms,including logistic regression(LR),classification and regression tree(CART),random forest(RF),extreme gradient boosting(XGB),support vector machine(SVM) and artificial neural network(ANN). The internal and external validations of the prediction models were conducted. Results:Among 2 979 patients with T2DM,2 158(72.44%) had concurrent hypertension,with 1 572 in the development set,280 in the internal validation set,306 in the external validation set. The LASSO regression identified 14 risk factors: age,educational level,occupation,medical insurance type,alcohol consumption,exercise frequency,BMI,SBP,TG/HDL-C,METS-IR,FBG,eGFR,duration of T2DM,and dyslipidemia. The nomogram model based on 14 predictive factors was constructed with XGB algorithm showed the best performance in predicting risk of hypertention for T2DM patients,showing the highest area under the curve(AUC) of 0.694(95% CI: 0.524-0.810) and effective calibration(Brier Score=0.121). Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical utility of the predictive model. Conclusion:The risk prediction models based on machine learning algorithms have been developed in the study,which show good prediction perfomance for hiypertention comorbidity in community-dwelling T2DM patients.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of DiaSphere embolized microsphere TACE for treating primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 188 patients with HCC were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to research group(n=93)and control group(n=95),who underwent TACE with DiaSphere embolized microspheres and Embosphere embolized microspheres,respectively.The incidence of TACE-related adverse events were recorded.The therapeutic efficacy 1 month after the first TACE,also 1 and 3 months after the last TACE,and liver functions 1 month after the first and last TACE were compared between groups.Results In research group,there were 69 cases underwent 1 time TACE,22 cases underwent 2 times and 2 cases underwent 3 times TACE,while in control group,there were 82 cases underwent 1 time and 13 cases underwent 2 times TACE,respectively.No statistical difference of the incidence of adverse events was found between groups(77.42%[72/93]vs.76.84%[73/95],P=1.000).One month after the first TACE,7 cases in research group and 11 cases in control group were lost to follow-up,respectively.One month after the last TACE,12 cases were lost to follow-up in both groups,and 3 months after the last TACE,28 cases were lost to follow-up in both groups.No significant difference of objective response rate nor disease control rate was found between groups at the above time points(all P＞0.05).One month after the first and last TACE,liver function indicators were not different between groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Both the short-term efficacy and safety of TACE with DiaSphere embolized microspheres for treating HCC were good.

The incidence,disability and mortality of nervous system diseases have risen sharply worldwide.At present,the pathogenesis and mechanism of nervous system diseases have not been clarified.Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction in Yi Lin Gai Cuo has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,dredging orifices and activating collaterals.This article reviewed the clinical trials and basic research of Tongluo Huoxue Decoction and its modified prescriptions in the treatment of neurological diseases in recent years.It showed that this prescription is often used in the treatment of blood stasis syndrome at the brain orifices,which has a significant effect on improving brain function and treating a variety of intractable diseases related to brain nerves;its pharmacological mechanisms involve regulating neurotransmitters,restoring nerve function,inhibiting oxidative stress along with inflammatory responses,optimizing hemodynamics and blood rheology retarding vascular remodeling,and promoting angiogenesis.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of DiaSphere embolized microsphere TACE for treating primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 188 patients with HCC were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to research group(n=93)and control group(n=95),who underwent TACE with DiaSphere embolized microspheres and Embosphere embolized microspheres,respectively.The incidence of TACE-related adverse events were recorded.The therapeutic efficacy 1 month after the first TACE,also 1 and 3 months after the last TACE,and liver functions 1 month after the first and last TACE were compared between groups.Results In research group,there were 69 cases underwent 1 time TACE,22 cases underwent 2 times and 2 cases underwent 3 times TACE,while in control group,there were 82 cases underwent 1 time and 13 cases underwent 2 times TACE,respectively.No statistical difference of the incidence of adverse events was found between groups(77.42%[72/93]vs.76.84%[73/95],P=1.000).One month after the first TACE,7 cases in research group and 11 cases in control group were lost to follow-up,respectively.One month after the last TACE,12 cases were lost to follow-up in both groups,and 3 months after the last TACE,28 cases were lost to follow-up in both groups.No significant difference of objective response rate nor disease control rate was found between groups at the above time points(all P＞0.05).One month after the first and last TACE,liver function indicators were not different between groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Both the short-term efficacy and safety of TACE with DiaSphere embolized microspheres for treating HCC were good.

Objective:To develop and validate risk prediction models for hypertension comorbidity in community-dwelling patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:The health records of 2 979 T2DM patients from two community health service centers in Fengtai District of Beijing from January 2023 to January 2024 were collected,including 2 591 cases from Fangzhuang Center(model development group) and 388 cases from Youanmen Center(external validation group). Patients in model development group were randomly assigned in a training set( n=1 813) and an internal validation set(778 cases) at a ratio of 7∶3. The risk factors associated with hypertention comorbidity in T2DM patients were identified with LASSO regression analysis,based on which risk prediction models was developed using six machine learning algorithms,including logistic regression(LR),classification and regression tree(CART),random forest(RF),extreme gradient boosting(XGB),support vector machine(SVM) and artificial neural network(ANN). The internal and external validations of the prediction models were conducted. Results:Among 2 979 patients with T2DM,2 158(72.44%) had concurrent hypertension,with 1 572 in the development set,280 in the internal validation set,306 in the external validation set. The LASSO regression identified 14 risk factors: age,educational level,occupation,medical insurance type,alcohol consumption,exercise frequency,BMI,SBP,TG/HDL-C,METS-IR,FBG,eGFR,duration of T2DM,and dyslipidemia. The nomogram model based on 14 predictive factors was constructed with XGB algorithm showed the best performance in predicting risk of hypertention for T2DM patients,showing the highest area under the curve(AUC) of 0.694(95% CI: 0.524-0.810) and effective calibration(Brier Score=0.121). Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical utility of the predictive model. Conclusion:The risk prediction models based on machine learning algorithms have been developed in the study,which show good prediction perfomance for hiypertention comorbidity in community-dwelling T2DM patients.

Objective To provide reference for the formulation of public health policies through exploring the disease burden of aortic aneurysm (AA) in Chinese young adults. Methods We analyzed sex-specific mortality rates and years of life lost (YLLs) among Chinese young adults with AA in Global Burden of Disease (GBD) from 1990 to 2019, and compared with global and young adult AA data stratified by sociodemographic index (SDI). Joinpoint was used to analyze the time trend of AA burden among young males and females in China. The attributable risk factors for AA burden in young adults and its characteristics were analyzed. Results Among young adults (15-39 years old) in China, the total of AA deaths in 2019 was 657 (95%UI 549-791), with an increase of 16.90% compared with 1990. The mortality rate in 2019 was 0.13 per 100 000 (95%UI 0.11-0.16), with an increase of 30.00% compared with 1990. In 2019, a total of 36921 YLLs (95%UI 30 865-44 445) were produced by young adults in China, with an increase of 13.21% compared with 1990. The YLLs rate in 2019 was 7.42 per 100 000 (95%UI 6.20-8.93), with an increase of 24.92% compared with 1990. The male YLLs rate was 11.49 per 100 000 (95%UI 9.22-14.28), with an increase of 35.18%. The female YLLs rate was 3.11 per 100 000 (95%UI 2.36-3.98), with a decrease of 3.12%. Both the AA mortality rate and YLLs rate in male young adults were higher than those in female young adults, and the growth rate from 1990 to 2019 was significantly higher than that in females. Conclusion The disease burden of AA among young adults in China increases significantly from 1990 to 2019, mainly among males. The time trend of male and female AA YLLs in Chinese young adults is obviously inconsistent. The AA YLLs of Chinese male young adults are positively correlated with economic development and the progress of medical technology, and are in the process of gradual increase. The AA YLLs of Chinese female young adults are much lower than the average level, which is closely related to the low smoking rate.