Objective: To analyze the features of unhealthy lifestyle patterns among primary and secondary school students in the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students (NIPRCES) areas in China in 2021 and 2023, so as to provide data support for lifestyle promotion and healthy development among primary and secondary school students. Methods: Adopting a cluster random sampling method, data on primary and secondary students aged 7-15 years from nutrition and health surveillance of China NIPRCES in 2021 and 2023 were collected. The prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among primary and secondary students such as physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, excessive screen time, and sleep deprivation by gender, school section, urban/rural, and region were analyzed. The reporting rates of the above indicators among primary and secondary students were compared by Chi-square test. Results: In 2021 and 2023, the rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity among primary and secondary school students were 79.2% and 80.4%, the rates of outdoor inactivity were 42.8% and 49.3%, the rates of excessive video time were 2.6% and 2.9%, the rates of sleep deprivation were 32.9% and 22.6%, and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=51.86,1 071.48,18.36,3 296.99, P <0.05). In 2023, the rate of outdoor inactivity for primary and secondary students increased by 6.5 percentage points compared with 2021, and the rate of sleep deprivation decreased by 10.3 percentage points compared with that in 2021. In 2021 and 2023, the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and sleep deprivation among girls and junior high school students were higher than those among boys ( χ 2=174.41,180.11; 175.75, 85.46 ;92.22,151.35) and elementary school students ( χ 2=136.64,5.75; 40.55,4.71;162.80,3 291.61); the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity( χ 2=194.43,118.60) and sleep deprivation ( χ 2=969.66,983.72) among urban students were higher than those among rural students; the reporting rates of excessive video time for boys and junior high school students were higher than those for girls ( χ 2=103.62,84.85) and elementary school students ( χ 2=810.09,626.51)( P <0.05). From a regional distribution perspective, the reporting rates of moderato to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and excessive video time among primary and seconday school students in the central and western regions were lower than those in the eastern region ( χ 2= 663.44,302.78; 356.97,82.10;50.89,81.83) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyles remain prevalent among primary and secondary students in NIPRCES areas of China. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy implementation for promoting healthy lifestyles among primary and secondary school students.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and its association with dietary patterns in children and adolescents in China, providing evidence for developing dietary intervention of hypertension in children and adolescents. Methods: Data were derived from the China Children s Nutrition and Health System Survey and Application Project(2019-2021). A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to include 7 933 participants from 28 survey sites in seven major regions of Northeast, North, Northwest, East, Central, South and Southwest China. Multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between demographic characteristics, nutritional status and elevated blood pressure. Exploratory factor analysis identified dietary patterns, which were divided into three quartile groups (T3, T2, T1) based on factor scores (compliance for dietary pattern) from high to low, and multivariate Logistic regression model assessed the correlation between elevated blood pressure and dietary patterns. Results: The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 15.4% among Chinese children aged 7-17 years. Significant differences were observed across nutritional status (reference: underweight; normal weight: OR =1.57; overweight: OR = 2.61 ; obesity: OR =3.85), urban/rural residence (reference: rural; urban: OR =0.86), and paternal education (reference: junior high school and below; bachelor degree or above: OR =0.68) ( P <0.05). The detection rates of high blood pressure in T3 group children and adolescents with four dietary patterns (staple food, animal based food, snacks, vegetables and fruits) were 15.7%, 14.6%, 16.8%, and 15.8%, respectively. After adjusting for residence, paternal education, and nutritional status, the "snack dietary pattern" (mainly candy, sugar sweetened beverages, and processed snacks) showed positive associations with elevated blood pressure in T2 ( OR =1.21) and T3 ( OR =1.19) tertiles ( P <0.05). Conclusions The snack dietary pattern is a related factor for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents. Restricting unhealthy snack intake may promote cardiovascular health.

Abstract In recent years, digital exercise games based on motion capture and body sensing interaction technologies have gradually emerged and become a new trend in sports. Due to the ingenious integration of physical activity and electronic games, digital exercise games have demonstrated significant advantages in improving the health of children and adolescents. The paper aims to systematically analyze the intervention effects of digital exercise games on children and adolescents body composition, motor ability, muscle strength and bone density, cardiovascular health, executive function as well asemotions, aiming to explore new approaches and methods to improve the health status of children and adolescents in China.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitoring counties of China s Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program, so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas. Methods: In November 2022, a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data, basic personal and family information of 7 949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in depth monitoring counties (Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia, Jinzhai County in Anhui, Mao Xian in Sichuan, Tiandeng County in Guangxi, Mian County in Shaanxi, Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian), and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self assessment questionnaire on depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, as well as their related factors. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitored counties was 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students, middle school students, students whose video screen duration per day was >2 h, and students whose parents marital status was divorced or widowed ( OR =1.40, 1.64, 1.60, 1.24), and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard, whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and ≥120 min, and students whose mothers literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms ( OR =0.85, 0.84, 0.71, 0.76) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in depth monitoring area is high, and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.

The harmful impacts of bisphenol compounds(BPs)on the body have come into emphasis because to the dramatic rise in their manufacture and use globally.BPs are significant risk factors influencing food safety since they can come into intimate contact with people's daily life through food,food contact materials,and numerous environmental media.Because of their endocrine-disrupting properties,BPs may adversely affect the body's immunological,neuroendocrine,and reproductive systems,as well as inducing cancer.This paper analyzes and summarizes the potential toxic effects of BPs,common detection methods,and compares the limit standards of BPs in food contact materials at home and abroad,which provides a theoretical basis for further improving regulatory standards,promoting food safety,and safeguarding people's health.

Chronic prostatitis,a common condition in andrology,is clinically characterized by a prolonged course,resistance to treatment,and frequent recurrence.In traditional Chinese medicine,it is classified under the categories of"turbid sperm,""overstrain strangury,"and"vaginal pain."Based on the"host-guest interaction-collateral disease"theory,we believe that healthy qi deficiency,latent pathogenic factors,and collateral obstruction are the primary pathological factors of this disease,which run through the entire process of chronic prostatitis occurrence and development.Accordingly,we propose that obstruction of collaterals and apathesia of the semen chamber are the core pathogenesis.The disease progression can be divided into three pathological stages:"deficiency,depression,and blood stasis."Spleen and kidney deficiency and malnutrition of collaterals form the pathological foundation.In the deficiency stage,treatment strategies involve reinforcing qi and nourishing the collaterals,using Fuzheng Yangrong Decoction.During disease progression,dampness and heat invasion,as well as collateral stagnation qi,are key contributors to disease progression.Thus,treatment focuses on clearing heat and dampness,promoting qi flow,and smoothing the collaterals,achieved with a modified Qiantongding Decoction.In the final stage,blood stasis and collateral obstruction dominate,warranting therapeutic strategies aimed at tonifying and removing blood stasis,addressing both the body and the collaterals simultaneously using the modified Guiling Huayu Decoction.Overall,the clinical treatment generally focuses on the concept of function through free flow,combination of unblocking and tonifying.This study provides a novel perspective and reference for clinical differentiation and treatment of chronic prostatitis.

Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the impact of quantitative flow ratio(QFR)-guided revascularization on outcome of elderly patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)undergoing valve surgery.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 750 consecutive patients with angiographically confirmed CAD(≥50%stenosis)who underwent valve surgery at Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,between January 2016 and December 2021.According to the patients'ages,they were divided into the younger group(age<70 years old,n=532)and the elderly group(age≥70 years old,n=218).Revascularization strategies were evaluated using anatomical(angiography-based)and functional(QFR-based)criteria.Anatomical complete revascularization(CR)was defined as bypass grafting for all lesions with≥70%diameter stenosis in major coronary arteries or≥50%stenosis in the left main coronary artery.Functional CR referred bypass grafting for all lesions with QFR≤0.80.Incomplete revascularization(ICR)was defined as failure to meet CR criteria.According to the anatomical and functional definitions,the younger group and the elderly group were further divided into the incomplete revascularization subgroup and the complete revascularization subgroup respectively.Major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),including death,myocardial infarction,repeat revascularization,and stroke,were assessed as the composite endpoint.Results:Over a follow-up of(3.7±1.8)years,the overall MACE rate was 13.3%.The younger group exhibited significantly lower MACE rates than the elderly group(10.7%vs.19.7%,P=0.001).In the younger group,anatomical ICR did not increase MACE risk(HR=1.46,95%CI:0.81-2.62,P=0.164),whereas functional ICR significantly increased MACE risk(HR=2.27,95%CI:1.24-4.15,P=0.001).In the elderly group,neither anatomical ICR(HR=1.22,95%CI:0.62-2.41,P=0.540)nor functional ICR(HR=1.52,95%CI:0.78-2.96,P=0.172)was associated with increased MACE risk.Conclusions:In patients undergoing valve surgery with CAD,functional ICR correlated with adverse outcomes in the younger group,whereas neither anatomical nor functional ICR significantly affected prognosis in elderly patients.These findings suggest that a moderately conservative revascularization strategy may be more appropriate for elderly populations.

The harmful impacts of bisphenol compounds(BPs)on the body have come into emphasis because to the dramatic rise in their manufacture and use globally.BPs are significant risk factors influencing food safety since they can come into intimate contact with people's daily life through food,food contact materials,and numerous environmental media.Because of their endocrine-disrupting properties,BPs may adversely affect the body's immunological,neuroendocrine,and reproductive systems,as well as inducing cancer.This paper analyzes and summarizes the potential toxic effects of BPs,common detection methods,and compares the limit standards of BPs in food contact materials at home and abroad,which provides a theoretical basis for further improving regulatory standards,promoting food safety,and safeguarding people's health.

Chronic prostatitis,a common condition in andrology,is clinically characterized by a prolonged course,resistance to treatment,and frequent recurrence.In traditional Chinese medicine,it is classified under the categories of"turbid sperm,""overstrain strangury,"and"vaginal pain."Based on the"host-guest interaction-collateral disease"theory,we believe that healthy qi deficiency,latent pathogenic factors,and collateral obstruction are the primary pathological factors of this disease,which run through the entire process of chronic prostatitis occurrence and development.Accordingly,we propose that obstruction of collaterals and apathesia of the semen chamber are the core pathogenesis.The disease progression can be divided into three pathological stages:"deficiency,depression,and blood stasis."Spleen and kidney deficiency and malnutrition of collaterals form the pathological foundation.In the deficiency stage,treatment strategies involve reinforcing qi and nourishing the collaterals,using Fuzheng Yangrong Decoction.During disease progression,dampness and heat invasion,as well as collateral stagnation qi,are key contributors to disease progression.Thus,treatment focuses on clearing heat and dampness,promoting qi flow,and smoothing the collaterals,achieved with a modified Qiantongding Decoction.In the final stage,blood stasis and collateral obstruction dominate,warranting therapeutic strategies aimed at tonifying and removing blood stasis,addressing both the body and the collaterals simultaneously using the modified Guiling Huayu Decoction.Overall,the clinical treatment generally focuses on the concept of function through free flow,combination of unblocking and tonifying.This study provides a novel perspective and reference for clinical differentiation and treatment of chronic prostatitis.

Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the impact of quantitative flow ratio(QFR)-guided revascularization on outcome of elderly patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)undergoing valve surgery.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 750 consecutive patients with angiographically confirmed CAD(≥50%stenosis)who underwent valve surgery at Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,between January 2016 and December 2021.According to the patients'ages,they were divided into the younger group(age<70 years old,n=532)and the elderly group(age≥70 years old,n=218).Revascularization strategies were evaluated using anatomical(angiography-based)and functional(QFR-based)criteria.Anatomical complete revascularization(CR)was defined as bypass grafting for all lesions with≥70%diameter stenosis in major coronary arteries or≥50%stenosis in the left main coronary artery.Functional CR referred bypass grafting for all lesions with QFR≤0.80.Incomplete revascularization(ICR)was defined as failure to meet CR criteria.According to the anatomical and functional definitions,the younger group and the elderly group were further divided into the incomplete revascularization subgroup and the complete revascularization subgroup respectively.Major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),including death,myocardial infarction,repeat revascularization,and stroke,were assessed as the composite endpoint.Results:Over a follow-up of(3.7±1.8)years,the overall MACE rate was 13.3%.The younger group exhibited significantly lower MACE rates than the elderly group(10.7%vs.19.7%,P=0.001).In the younger group,anatomical ICR did not increase MACE risk(HR=1.46,95%CI:0.81-2.62,P=0.164),whereas functional ICR significantly increased MACE risk(HR=2.27,95%CI:1.24-4.15,P=0.001).In the elderly group,neither anatomical ICR(HR=1.22,95%CI:0.62-2.41,P=0.540)nor functional ICR(HR=1.52,95%CI:0.78-2.96,P=0.172)was associated with increased MACE risk.Conclusions:In patients undergoing valve surgery with CAD,functional ICR correlated with adverse outcomes in the younger group,whereas neither anatomical nor functional ICR significantly affected prognosis in elderly patients.These findings suggest that a moderately conservative revascularization strategy may be more appropriate for elderly populations.