Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the anti-depressive potential mechanisms of Kaixin Powder (KP), a drug that helps to prevent and treat depression and other mentaldiseases, from genome-wide transcriptome profiling. METHODS: Transcriptome and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted on the hippocampus of depressed rats, then the differentially expressed genes were validated and serum concentration of lipid parameters were identified by enzymatic assays. Furthermore, high-fat diets induced depression-like behaviors in Syrian golden hamsters were conducted to verify the predicted molecular mechanisms acquired from the transcriptome analysis. RESULTS: Transcriptome results revealed that the 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in chronic mild stress (CMS) rats could be reversed after two weeks of KP treatment. The mechanisms of KP in treating depression firstly involved the regulation of several pathology modules, including lipid metabolism, synapse function and inflammation. KP could regulate imbalances of lipid homeostasis in high-fat diet induced depressive symptoms. Furthermore, it was validated that cholesterol metabolism dysfunction can be ameliorated by KP, which was correlated with upregulation of the AdipoR1-BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) co-regulatory pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results demonstrated that KP not only alleviates depression via traditional mental illness targets, but it may also simulates the cholesterol metabolism and adiponectin signaling with multi-target characteristics.

Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/biosynthesis* ; Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis* ; Body Weight/immunology* ; COVID-19/virology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung/virology* ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Nasal Cavity/virology* ; RNA, Viral/immunology* ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity* ; Severity of Illness Index ; Viral Load

The issues of disordering production and non-standard pesticide application are common in the production of Chinese herbal medicines. Aimed to above problems, research groups built the pollution-free and precision cultivation system of medicinal plants. This system mainly included the precise site selection of medicinal plants based on the GIS technology, modern omics-assisted breeding, metagenomics guiding the soil complex improvement, and the precise field management based on rational application of fertilizer and comprehensive control of disease. At present, the production and distribution of medicinal plants were performed in the many poor counties of the whole nation. The breeding platform of resistant varieties was built, and certificates of new and well-bred varieties were received, in the base of genetic backgrounds of the original species of medicinal plants. The disease incidences were declined after application of these resistant varieties. Additionally, chemical pesticide consumption of medicinal plants (such as Panax ginseng, P. notoginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza, P. quinquefolium, Schisandra chinensis, Platycodon grandiflorum and P. grandiflorus etc.) reduced by 20%-80% based on the genetic testing technologies of plant diseases and insect pests and safety evaluation of pollution-free pesticides. The application of pollution-free and precision cultivation system of Chinese herbal medicines achieve significantly social, economic and ecological benefits.

Muscle cramp is one of the common symptoms of patients with liver cirrhosis and significantly affects patients' quality of life.In general,the research on liver cirrhosis mainly focuses on the management and prevention of causes or common complications,and there are relatively few studies on the treatment of muscle cramp.Therefore,it is very important to find safe and effective therapeutic regimens.This article describes the pathogenesis and manifestations of muscle cramp in patients with liver cirrhosis,summarizes the therapeutic regimens with clinical value,including new drugs such as baclofen,L-carnitine,and taurine,and further elaborates on the protective effect of taurine against liver fibrosis via its activation of extracellular matrix and hepatic stellate cells,in order to provide new evidence for the treatment of muscle cramp in liver cirrhosis.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy ofYiqi Huoxue Decoction in the treatment of children with spleen and kidney deficiency type nephrotic syndrome.Methods:A total of 80 children with spleen and kidney deficiency type nephrotic syndrome in our hospital from June 2014 to October 2016 were enrolled in this study.The subjects were divided into control group (n=40) and treatment group (n=40) according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with prednisone,and the treatment group was treated with prednisone combined with Yiqi Huoxue Decoction,the two groups were treated for 4 months.The clinical efficacy of the two groups were evaluate.The 24h proteinuria,total cholesterol (TC),plasma albumin (Alb),and renal function parameters including blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (Scr),and serum creatinine clearance (Ccr) of the two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results:The total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.00％,which was significantly higher than 67.50％ of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The 24h proteinuria,TC,BUN and Scr of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment,the Alb,Ccr of the two groups were significantly higher than before treatment,and above indexes in treatment group were better than the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Yiqi Huoxue Decoction have good clinical efficacy in the treatment of children with spleen and kidney deficiency type nephrotic syndrome,which can obviously improve children renal function,and is worthy of clinical application.

Panax notoginseng is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with blood activating effect while has continuous cropping obstacle problem in planting process. In present study, a semimicroextraction method with water-saturated n-butanol on 0.1 g notoginseng sample was established with good repeatability (RSD<2.5%) and 9.6%-20.6% higher extraction efficiency of seven saponins than the conventional method. A total of 16 characteristic peaks were identified by LC-MS-IT-TOF, including eight 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) type saponins and eight 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) type saponins. The established method was utilized to evaluate the quality of notoginseng samples cultivated by manual intervened methods to overcome continuous cropping obstacles.As a result, HPLC fingerprint similarity, content of Fa and ratio of notoginsenoside K and notoginsenoside Fa (N-K/Fa) were found out to be as valuatable markers of the quality of samples in continuous cropping obstacle research, of which N-K/Fa could also be applied to the analysis of notoginseng samples with different growth years.Notoginseng samples with continuous cropping obstacle had HPLC fingerprint similarity lower than 0.87, in consistent with normal sample, and had significant lower content of notoginsenoside Fa and significant higher N-K/Fa (2.35-4.74) than normal group (0.45-1.33). All samples in the first group with manual intervention showed high similarity with normal group (>0.87), similar content of common peaks and N-K/Fa (0.42-2.06). The content of notoginsenoside K in the second group with manual intervention was higher than normal group. All samples except two displayed similarity higher than 0.87 and possessed content of 16 saponins close to normal group. The result showed that notoginseng samples with continuous cropping obstacle had lower quality than normal sample. And manual intervened methods could improve their quality in different levels.The method established in this study was simple, fast and accurate, and the markers may provide new guides for quality control in continuous cropping obstacle research of notoginseng.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of microinvasive PGLA thread embedding on neck pain due to cervical spondylosis. Method One hundred and five cervical spondylosis patients with complaints of neck pain were randomly allocated to three groups, 35 cases each. The thread embedding group received PGLA thread embedding therapy;the control group, acupuncture with thread-embedding needles (without thread embedding);the acupuncture group, conventional acupuncture. Result There was a significant difference in the relief of symptoms and signs between the thread embedding or acupuncture group and the control group (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the VAS score and the PPI score in the thread embedding and acupuncture groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the above scores between the thread embedding or acupuncture group and the control group (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 17.1% in the control group, 77.1%in the acupuncture group and 94.3%in the thread embedding group. The total efficacy rate was significantly higher in the thread embedding group than in acupuncture and control groups. Conclusion The therapeutic effect on neck pain due to cervical spondylosis is produced by PGLA thread stimulation of the acupoints and not by simple injurious stimulation with thread-embedding needles. PGLA thread embedding has a marked therapeutic effect on neck pain due to cervical spondylosis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive embedding therapy and the implanted depth for cervical spondylosis.

METHODSNinety patients of cervical spondylosis of nerve root type were randomized into a shallow-layer embedding group (subcutaneous layer), a middle-layer embedding group (semispinalis capitis muscle layer) and a deep-layer embedding group (multifidus muscle layer), 30 cases in each one. Jiaji (EX-B 2) of C5 and C6 on the affected side and Dazhui (GV 14) were selected. Under the guide of ultrasound, the catgut was implanted to the corresponding tissue layers. The treatment was given once a week, continuously for 3 weeks in the three groups. The symptoms and physical signs were observed before and after treatment. The pain rating index (PRI), visual analogue scale (VAS) and present pain index (PPI) were assessed. The neck disability index (NDI) was compared.

RESULTSThe score of symptoms and function after treatment was increased apparently in the deep-layer embedding group (P < 0.05), which was increased more apparently as compared with those in the shallow-layer embedding group and the middle-layer embedding group (both P < 0.05). PRI, VAS and PPI after treatment were all reduced apparently as compared with those before treatment in the deep-layer embedding group and the middle-layer embedding group (all P < 0.05), which were reduced more remarkably than the shallow-layer embedding group (all P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of NDI in the deep-layer embedding group and the middle-layer embedding group, were reduced apparently as compared with those before treatment (both P < 0.05), and that in the deep-layer embedding group was reduced more remarkably as compared with the shallow-layer embedding group and the middle-layer embedding group after treatment (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn the acupoint embedding treatment of cervical spondylosis of nerve root type, the efficacy is different apparently in terms of the implantation depth. The deep-layer implantation, meaning to the multifidus muscle layer is more conductive to the treatment of cervical spondylosis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Catgut ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Spondylosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography