Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease characterized by seizures， and is one of the most common nervous system diseases in clinic practice with the recurrent， transient， and refractory characteristics. Clinically， western medicine therapy is mainly adopted in the treatment of epilepsy， but it is not conducive to long-term use for patients on account of severe side effects， which can result in abnormalities in the digestive system， central nervous system， hematopoietic system， urinary system， and liver function to varying degrees. Syndrome differentiation is usually used for the treatment of epilepsy by traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， which can avoid the side effects of western medicine treatment on the basis of improving patients' syndromes. The literature on TCM in the treatment of epilepsy in China and abroad indicates that the syndrome differentiation in TCM is often based on phlegm， blood stasis， wind， and deficiency， and the treatment methods include acupuncture， acupoint catgut embedding， moxibustion， Chinese medicine monomer， drug pair， and compound decoction. The various treatments of TCM play an important role in the comprehensive treatment of epilepsy through multiple channels and links， such as reducing the degree and number of seizures. This paper comprehensively summarized the clinical experience of TCM in the treatment of epilepsy， systematically expounded various treatment methods and ideas of TCM in the treatment of epilepsy， and deeply discussed the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of epilepsy， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical formulation of a reasonable individualized treatment plan for epilepsy and diversified ideas for the more effective treatment of epilepsy by TCM.

Objective: To analyze epidemiological characteristics of campus bullying among primary and middle school students in central China to explore its relation with mental health problems, and to provide a reference for the campus bullying prevention. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select primary and middle school 10 581 students from Anyang, Nanyang and Xinxiang cities of Henan Province, Middle School Students Mental Health Scale and the Self designed Scale of Adolescent Bullying Behavior were used to analyze the relationship between mental health problems with campus bullying behavior. Results: The total report rate of bullying penetrator was 12.5% among students in the three cities. Among primary and middle school students with mental health problems such as hostility, interpersonal stress, academic pressure and emotional imbalance, the detection rate of bullying behavior was 24.2%, 20.3%, 19.4% and 20.1%, respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed that hostility symptoms ( OR =3.78, 95% CI =1.71-8.32), interpersonal stress ( OR =3.50, 95% CI = 1.62 -7.57), academic pressure ( OR = 1.62 , 95% CI =1.21-2.16) and emotional imbalance ( OR =2.80, 95% CI =1.41-5.56) showed a significant impact on campus bullying ( P <0.05). Conclusion Mental health problems of primary and middle school students are closely related to the occurrence of bullying behavior. It is necessary to pay attention to the mental health education of bullies and intervene bullying behaviors from the source.

Objective: To explore the associations between parental marital status with bullying and self injurious behavior among primary and secondary school students, and to provide intervention support for the prevention of self injurious behavior of primary and secondary school students. Methods: A total of 11 107 primary and secondary school students in Nanyang, Anyang and Xinxiang city from central China were selected using multistage clustering sampling method. A questionnaire survey regarding bullying was administered. Results: Report rate of bullying in boys (18.1%) was higher than that in girls (9.8%), while report rate of self injurious behavior in girls (3.9%) was higher than that in boys(3.2%)( χ 2=155.56, 4.64, P <0.05). The severity of bullying ( r =0.44) and types of bullying ( r =0.42) were positively correlated with self injurious behaviors( P <0.01), while parental marital status was negatively correlated with self injurious behavior( r=-0.11, P <0.01). Parental marital status negatively moderated the relationship between severity of bullying( β =-0.01), types ( β =-0.05) with self injurious behavior( P <0.01). Conclusion Parental marital status plays a moderating role in the association between bullying and self injurious behavior among primary and middle school students.The lower parental marital status, the higher rate of self injurious behavior among bullied children. Comparison of bullied rates among primary and secondary school students with different characteristics.

Worldwide, gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths and the fifth most common malignant tumor. Gastric cancer is believed to be caused by a variety of factors, such as genetics, epigenetics, and environmental influences. Among the pathogenic factors, inflammation has been considered as one of the main risk factors for gastric cancer. There are currently limited ways to prevent gastric cancer. Although the combined application of aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the risk, it has great side effects and can easily cause gastric perforation or gastric bleeding. Therefore, an alternative plan is urgently needed. Curcumin is the yellow pigment in the rhizome of the plant turmeric. Current studies have found that curcumin has a protective effect on gastric mucosal damage caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gastric mucosal damage in rats, and gastric mucosal damage caused by stress bleeding and Helicobacter pylori infection. Curcumin shows significant anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities by regulating DNA methylation, histone modification, nuclear factor erythrocyte 2 related factor 2 and other related signal pathways. In this article, the latest evidence of curcumin for epigenetic changes in gastric cancer and its potential contribution to gastric cancer were discussed.

Gradual distraction with an external fixator is a widely used treatment for severe postburn ankle contracture (SPAC). However, application of external fixators is complex, and conventional two-dimensional (2D) imaging-based surgical planning is not particularly helpful due to a lack of spatial geometry. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surgical planning process for this procedure with patient-specific three-dimension-printed models (3DPMs). In this study, patients coming from two centers were divided into two cohorts (3DPM group vs. control group) depending on whether a 3DPM was used for preoperative surgical planning. Operation duration, improvement in metatarsal-tibial angle (MTA), range of motion (ROM), the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, complications, and patient-reported satisfaction were compared between two groups. The 3DPM group had significantly shorter operation duration than the control group ((2.0±0.3) h vs. (3.2±0.3) h,

Objective To investigate medication adherence and its influencing factors in community-based hypertensive patients in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province, and lay the foundation for the development of targeted compliance interventions. Methods Between July 2015 and October 2016, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to conduct a community-based diagnostic survey in the Pearl River Delta region.A total of 1 829 community-based hypertension patients in this survey population were used to investigate medication adherence, the factors of which were derived through a multi-factor logistics regression analysis.Results The average medication-adherence score of hypertensive patients surveyed in this study was (4.6 ± 1.8), and patients with good medication adherence accounted for 62.82%(1 149/1 829).There were significant differences in medication adherence among patients according to their age, household registration types, marital status, level of education, employment status, medical payment methods,per capita monthly household income,drinking status,and family history of hypertension (P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that medication adherence was affected substantially by the type of household registration:local household types (OR= 0.537, 95% CI: 0.415-0.695); education level: college,bachelor and above (OR=2.139,95% CI:1.100-4.160); employment status: self-paying (OR=0.591, 95% CI: 0.376-0.930); and a family history of hypertension (OR= 1.279, 95% CI: 1.012-1.617).Conclusions It is necessary to pay more attention to medication adherence in patients with hypertension in communities.Given the influencing factors and characteristics illuminated by this study,it is suggested that various measures be taken to prevent and intervene in poor medication adherence, to improve the curative effect of hypertensive patients in communities.

Objective To review the clinical features of the patients received massive transfusion (MT) in plastic surgery department.Methods Ten cases were reviewed.The reason of massive transfusion,the type and dosage of transfusion,the reaction of patients were included.For all the patients,consultation of related department preoperatively was necessary.Based on the through and detailed analysis of the patients' condition,necessary blood product should be prepared ahead of operation.During the therapy,adjustment of treatment plan was made from time to time,according to the patient's condition.Therefore efficient and prompt therapeutic result was achieved.Results In all the 10 MT cases suffered from acute blood loss,2 of them were in hemorrhagic shock before administration.Coagulation disorders happened in 2 patients,and recovered after appropriate treatment.RBC,which was 58.3％ of total amount of transfusion,used most commonly;the second was fresh frozen plasma (FFP),which was 38.6％ according to the total amount.All the patients had satisfactory recovery,without hemolysis or any other functional disorder.Conclusions For MT patients in the Department of Plastic Surgery,the main proposes are to restore and maintain an effective circulatory blood volume,while preventing the coagulation disorder.Also,detailed analysis,through consultation and timely adjustment are of great importance for the MT patients.It is also the essential of an effective perioperative management.

Objective To evaluate the direct economic loss due to surgical site infection(SSI)from a medical eco-nomics perspective,and provide basis for health administrative departments to make strategies.Methods SSI in pa-tients undergoing breast,stomach and colorectal operation between March 2008 and February 2010 were selected for 1∶1 case-control study,patients with SSI were as SSI group,without SSI during the same period were as control group,difference in medical expense and length of stay between two groups were compared,economic loss due to SSI was evaluated.Results A total of 1 523 operation cases were investigated,75(4.92%)developed SSI.69 effec-tive pairings were obtained.Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed that difference in medical expense between two groups was statistically significant(Z =6.586,P <0.001),the median of average medical expense of SSI group was 6 828.60 yuan higher than control group,all kinds of medical expense in SSI group were all higher than control group;the median length of stay of SSI group was 10 days longer than that of control group (Z = 5.939,P <0.001).Conclusion SSI can prolong hospitalization,increase medical expense,decrease bed turnover rate,and in-fluence economic income and medical quality.

Objective To study whether methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)will increase the burden of patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).Methods Patients with Staphylococcus aureus HAP in a hospital between January 1 ,2013 and November 31 ,2014 were selected,patients with MRSA HAP were as case group,patients with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)HAP were as control group,propen-sity score matching (PSM)analysis were conducted to compare the prognosis of MRSA HAP and MSSA HAP (length of hospital stay, duration from infection to discharge, mortality, total therapeutic cost ). Results APACHE II score in case group was higher than control group before PSM was conducted,length of hos-pital stay and duration from infection to discharge were both longer than control group (40[20,94]d vs 28[21 ,53] d;19[10,46]d vs 17[8,29]d,respectively,both P <0.05).APACHE II score in case group and control group af-ter conducting PSM was not significantly different(P >0.05 ),data were balanced and comparable;there were no significant difference in length of hospital stay between two groups (28[21 ,52]d vs 28[21 ,53]d),duration from in-fection to discharge (15[9,25]d vs17[8,29]d),mortality(10.87% vs 15.22%),and total therapeutic cost (121 013.5[80 747.21 ,176 200]yuan vs 119 911 .2[66 994.08,241 184.7]yuan)(all P >0.05).Conclusion APACHE II score is an important factor affecting prognosis;after balancing this factor,there is no difference in the prognosis of patients with MRSA and MSSA HAP,MRSA HAP can not increase the burden of disease.

Objective To analyze the present medical teaching textbooks and practice skill guidelines,and explore the profound causes of poor hand hygiene idea among doctors.Methods Three sets of unified textbook series used for domestic medical colleges and universities and two sets of manipulation skill guidelines were studies.Statistical method was conducted to analyze whether concepts and methods of hand hygiene,hand-washing and antiseptic han-drubbing were included in these teaching textbooks;as to eight aseptic manipulation skills,coverage of knowledge, steps of hand-washing and antiseptic handrubbing in manipulation skill guidelines were also analyzed.Results The mentioning rate of hand hygiene,hand-washing and antiseptic handrubbing in 8-year and 5-year program teaching textbooks were both 0 ,in nursing teaching textbooks was 1 00 % ;as to 8 aseptic manipulation in 2 sets of skill practice guidelines,mentioning rate of hand washing was 37 .50 % ,and method and steps of antiseptic handrubbing were both 0 .Conclusion School teaching and skill assessment are the basis,it is difficult to form the right idea by only relying on continuing education without basic education.Hand hygiene should be stressed in the written of teaching textbooks,guidelines should be written following the newest progress,so as to form the correct idea of hand hygiene among doctors.