Objective:To investigate the effect of circulating plasma cell(CPC)on the prognosis of multiple myeloma(MM),and to es-tablish and validate a modified CPC-RISS staging system based on CPC and RISS.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 639 treatment-na?ve patients with MM who were treated in Department of Hematology,Xijing Hospital,from January 2006 to June 2023.Peripheral blood smear was used to calculate the percentage of CPC in patients,and the impact of CPC and other related factors on the prognosis of MM patients was analyzed.A CPC-RISS staging system was established based on RISS stage and the percentage of CPC,and the differences in survival and prognosis were analyzed between patients with different stages.Results:Compared with the patients without CPC,detectable CPC was significantly associated with various high-risk factors for MM,and the MM patients with CPC had a lower complete remission rate and shorter overall survival time and progression-free survival time.The modified CPC-RISS staging system was used to classify the patients with MM into four stages,and there were significant differences in median survival time and progression-free survival time between the patients with different stages of MM.Conclusion:The MM pa-tients with the presence of CPC exhibit more aggressive features,worse response to treatment,and a reduction in long-term survival rate.The modified CPC-RISS staging system can effectively predict the prognosis of treatment-na?ve MM patients.

Purpose To investigate the sex differences of white matter damage in Alzheimer's disease(AD)and their association with cognitive impairment.Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 88 AD patients(48 females),71 amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)patients(39 females),and 95 healthy controls(63 females)recruited from the Memory Disorder Clinic at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from September 2017 to July 2024.High-resolution three-dimensional T1 structure images and diffusion tensor imaging images were all obtained from each participant.The mean diffusivity(MD)and fractional anisotropy(FA)values of each white matter region were obtained,and the two-way ANOVA analysis was conducted to investigate brain regions with interaction effects between groups and sexes,those brain regions were then chosen as regions of interest for further correlation analysis with a series of cognitive scale scores.Results In terms of FA values,the right posterior corona radiata,right anterior limb of the internal capsule and left corticospinal tract showed interaction between sexes and cognitive groups(F=4.764,3.812,5.937,all P<0.05).The FA value of AD group was significantly lower than that of healthy control and aMCI group(all P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between healthy control and aMCI group(except the right anterior limb of the internal capsule,P=0.018).In AD group,FA values were significantly higher in women than in men in the previously described brain regions(all P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in FA values between male and female in healthy control and aMCI groups(except the left corticospinal tract,P<0.001).In terms of MD values,the right anterior limb of the internal capsule,right superior corona radiata and left external capsule showed interaction effect between sexes and cognitive groups(F=8.581,3.680,7.218,all P<0.05).The MD value of AD group was significantly higher than that of aMCI group(P<0.001),and aMCI group was higher than that of healthy control group(all P<0.05).In AD group,the MD values in the above brain regions were significantly higher in males than those in females(all P<0.01),while no significant difference was found between males and females in healthy control and aMCI groups(except for the left external capsule,P<0.05).For correlation analysis,the AD group was dimidiated into two groups by sex,the scores of the Montreal cognitive assessment,the Mini Mental state examination and the verbal fluency test of the female patient group were positively correlated with the FA values of the right posterior corona radiate(r=0.372,P=0.009;r=0.345,P=0.016;r=0.383,P=0.007),while the Mini Mental state examination and the verbal fluency test scores of female AD patient group were negatively correlated with the MD values of the right superior corona radiata(r=-0.360,P=0.012;r=-0.360,P=0.003).Conclusion Compared to the healthy control and MCI groups,white matter damage in AD patients shows sex differences and is associated with general cognitive and language functions impairment in female AD patients.

Purpose To investigate the sex differences of white matter damage in Alzheimer's disease(AD)and their association with cognitive impairment.Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 88 AD patients(48 females),71 amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)patients(39 females),and 95 healthy controls(63 females)recruited from the Memory Disorder Clinic at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from September 2017 to July 2024.High-resolution three-dimensional T1 structure images and diffusion tensor imaging images were all obtained from each participant.The mean diffusivity(MD)and fractional anisotropy(FA)values of each white matter region were obtained,and the two-way ANOVA analysis was conducted to investigate brain regions with interaction effects between groups and sexes,those brain regions were then chosen as regions of interest for further correlation analysis with a series of cognitive scale scores.Results In terms of FA values,the right posterior corona radiata,right anterior limb of the internal capsule and left corticospinal tract showed interaction between sexes and cognitive groups(F=4.764,3.812,5.937,all P<0.05).The FA value of AD group was significantly lower than that of healthy control and aMCI group(all P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between healthy control and aMCI group(except the right anterior limb of the internal capsule,P=0.018).In AD group,FA values were significantly higher in women than in men in the previously described brain regions(all P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in FA values between male and female in healthy control and aMCI groups(except the left corticospinal tract,P<0.001).In terms of MD values,the right anterior limb of the internal capsule,right superior corona radiata and left external capsule showed interaction effect between sexes and cognitive groups(F=8.581,3.680,7.218,all P<0.05).The MD value of AD group was significantly higher than that of aMCI group(P<0.001),and aMCI group was higher than that of healthy control group(all P<0.05).In AD group,the MD values in the above brain regions were significantly higher in males than those in females(all P<0.01),while no significant difference was found between males and females in healthy control and aMCI groups(except for the left external capsule,P<0.05).For correlation analysis,the AD group was dimidiated into two groups by sex,the scores of the Montreal cognitive assessment,the Mini Mental state examination and the verbal fluency test of the female patient group were positively correlated with the FA values of the right posterior corona radiate(r=0.372,P=0.009;r=0.345,P=0.016;r=0.383,P=0.007),while the Mini Mental state examination and the verbal fluency test scores of female AD patient group were negatively correlated with the MD values of the right superior corona radiata(r=-0.360,P=0.012;r=-0.360,P=0.003).Conclusion Compared to the healthy control and MCI groups,white matter damage in AD patients shows sex differences and is associated with general cognitive and language functions impairment in female AD patients.

China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical application of urine sediment score (USS) in early diagnosis, etiological differentiation, staging and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), and to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of independent USS and its combination with blood urea nitrogen(Bun) serum creatinine(sCr) and uric acid(UA) in AKI.Methods:From August 23 to September 28, 2023, 9 020 morning urine samples of hospitalized patients in the First Hospital of Jilin University were detected by Sysmex UF5000.A total of 3 226 ssamples with small and round cell (SRC) > 1/μl and/or CAST>1/μl were screened for microscopic examination, and 404 cases with positive renal tubular epithelial cells and/or cast were enrolled in this study. There were 218 males and 186 females, aged 59.5 (49.0, 71.0) years. The 404 cases were divided into the USS AKI group (345 cases) and the USS non-AKI group (59 cases) according to the USS results based on the microscopic findings. According to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, they were divided into KDIGO criteria AKI group (63 cases) and KDIGO criteria non-AKI group (341 cases), and the AKI group was divided into renal AKI group (33 cases) and non-renal AKI group (30 cases). According to the clinical diagnosis recorded in the medical records, they were divided into clinically diagnosed AKI group (29 cases) and clinically diagnosed non-AKI group (375 cases).The χ 2 test or Fisher exact test was used to compare USS in different AKI causes and stages. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio of renal AKI and stage 3 AKI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of USS, sCr, UA and Bun alone and in combination in the diagnosis of AKI, and the best cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of AKI were calculated. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The USS was used to identify the etiology of KDIGO standard AKI group,and there were significant differences in USS between renal AKI group and non-renal AKI group (χ 2=11.070, P<0.001). Compared to USS=1, the odds ratio of renal AKI was 8.125 when USS≥2 (95% CI 2.208—29.901). There was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of USS between groups in each stage of the AKI staging study based on USS (χ 2=15.724, P<0.05). Compared to USS=1, the odds ratio of stage 3 AKI was 9.714 when USS≥2 (95% CI 1.145-82.390). The AUC of independent USS in the diagnosis of AKI was 0.687 (95% CI 0.618-0.757, P<0.001), the specificity was 65.7% and the sensitivity was 61.9%. The AUC of USS combined with Bun, sCr, UA in the diagnosis of AKI was 0.794 (95% CI 0.608-0.980, P<0.05), the specificity was 82.4%, and the sensitivity was 88.9%. Conclusions:There wasan increased likelihood of renal AKI or stage 3 AKI while USS≥2,and whose combination with Bun, sCr and UA will improve the diagnostic efficiency of AKI.

To investigate the role of chebulagic acid(CA)in regulating lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-in-duced inflammatory response in endometrial tissue of dairy cows,and to provide new ideas for the treatment and new drug development of endometritis in dairy cows.The endometrial tissues of dairy cows were isolated and cultured in vitro,stimulated with 1 mg/L LPS for 1 h and then co-cultured with CA(12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0 mg/L).Then the endometrial tissues of different treat-ment groups were collected for experiments.The protein secretion and gene expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β were detected by ELISA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.HE staining was used to observe the degree of endometrial tissue damage.The expressions of high mobility protein 1(HMGB-1)and hyaluronidase binding protein 2(HABP-2)were detected by immunofluorescence.The phosphorylation levels of ERK,p65 and IκBα were detected by Western blot.The results showed that the protein secretion levels of TNF-α at 6,24 h and IL-6 at 6,12 and 24 h,and the gene expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 at 6,9,and 12 h and TNF-α at 6 h were sig-nificantly down-regulated after CA treatment with the LPS-induced endometrial tissue inflammation response model of dairy cows.HE staining showed that compared with the LPS group,the LPS+CA group had some improvements,the degree of epithelial cell exfoliation was reduced,the struc-ture of glands and blood vessels was relatively complete,the degree of inflammatory cell infiltra-tion was reduced,and there was no obvious necrosis or hemorrhage.The expression of HMGB-1 and HABP-2 in LPS+CA group was also significantly down-regulated.The phosphorylation levels of ERK,IκBα and p65 in the LPS+CA group were significantly decreased.In conclusion,CA can reduce LPS-induced inflammation in the endometrial tissue of dairy cows by inhibiting the activa-tion of MAPK and NF-κB pathways and down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors in the uterine tissue.It is concluded that CA may be a potential therapeutic agent for endometritis in dairy cows and deserves further research and development.

Currently,electroencephalogram(EEG),functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS),and functional magnetic resonance imaging have been widely studied and applied to neuropsychiatric disorders.In recent years,the devices which can realize the simultaneous acquisition of EEG and fNIRS has been developed and gradually applied in the studies on neuropsychiatric disorders.The review provides an introduction of the techniques of synchronized detection and data analysis for EEG-fNIRS,summarizes the analysis methods and new findings of the recent studies of stroke,epilepsy,and other neuropsychiatric disorders using EEG-fNIRS,and also discusses the future research directions.

Objective:To analyze the safety and efficacy of G-iliac? iliac branch device (IBD) in the treatment of common iliac artery aneurysm.Methods:The clinical data of 7 patients with common iliac artery aneurysm who were treated with G-iliac? IBD and internal iliac artery (IIA) preserved were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022, and the surgical effects and related complications were analyzed.Results:All 7 patients were male, aged from 57 to 80 years, with an average age of 70.9 years. There were 6 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm combined with common iliac artery aneurysm and 1 case of simple common iliac artery aneurysm, all of them were successfully applied with G-iliac? IBD to preserve IIA. Cardiogenic shock occurred in 1 patient after the operation. 7 patients were followed up for 3-15 months, with an average of 8 months. During the follow-up period, the iliac artery and IIA stents were all patency, and there was no IBD-related endoleak, stent displacement, buttock claudication, sexual dysfunction, or aortic-related death. The diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysm and common iliac artery aneurysm were stable.Conclusion:For patients with common iliac artery aneurysm, preservation of IIA with G-iliac? IBD is a safe and effective technique with a high technical success rate and IIA patency rate, and has a low complication rate, but the long-term effect still requires more data and longer follow-up data to support.

Objective:To explore the diagnosis and treatment of transplanted renal artery stenosis(TRAS)in children.Methods:From January 2016 to August 2021, clinical data of 7 TRAS patients were collected.A definite diagnosis was confirmed by Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography angiography.Results:Patient age was significantly higher than donor age(11.9±3.7 vs 1.0±0.5 years, P<0.001); 5 patients had a widened diameter at stenotic grafted renal artery after intervention(1.98±0.47 vs 4.64±1.19 mm, P=0.002). A reduction in peak systolic flow velocity in stenotic segment of artery(463.3±90.6 vs 183.6±58.9 cm/s, P<0.001)and lower systolic blood pressure(137.2±15.5 vs 129.7±12.3 mmHg, P=0.029)were observed.Resistance index rose(0.38±0.22 vs 0.60±0.03, P=0.063). Significant difference of estimated glomerular filtration rate was observed at Week 4 post-operation as compared with pre-intervention.Two patients developed complications after intervention, including perirenal hematoma and stent-attached thrombus.Two patients were treated conservatively with a gradual increase in blood pressure and three antihypertensive drugs prescribed. Conclusions:Doppler ultrasound should be performed regularly after renal transplantation for detecting TRAS at an early stage in children.Interventional treatment is ideal for severe TRAS to improve perfusion and renal function.Clinicians should pay more attention to complications.

【Objective】 To understand the occupational exposure of blood center staff during blood collection and supply, analyze the influencing factors, explore preventive measures and improve the self-protection awareness of staff, so as to further improve the prevention of such occupational exposure in blood centers. 【Methods】 Seventy-two occupational exposure cases, which occurred and registered in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from January 2010 to December 2021, were reviewed by retrospective survery methods, and such cases were classified and analyzed statistically. The incidence of blood-borne occupational exposure was compared by genders, departments, occurrence locations, education level, occupation type, work link, causes of exposure and body parts, so as to analyze the influencing factors, and then propose corresponding prevention strategies. 【Results】 From 2010 to 2021, a total of 72 blood-borne occupational exposure cases occurred. When classified by gender, the exposure rate of women was more than twice that of men; by age, the exposure rate of 18~25 years old was the highest, reaching 7.84%, but 26~40 years old group contributed the most cases, accounting for 70.83% (51/72); by working years, the exposure rate of staff with working years less than 3 years was relatively high, but the staff with 4~10 working years contributed the most cases, accounting for 54.17% (39/72); by the education level, the the exposure rate of stall with bachelor degree and below was the highest(90.28%, 65/72); by the professional title level, the exposure rate of staff with primary and intermediate professional titles was relatively high (94.44% , 68/72); by departments, the exposure rate of Blood Donation Service was the highest (81.94%, 59/72), which was twice or even three times than that of other departments; by occupational type, nurses had the highest exposure rate, accounting for 87.5% (63/72); by body parts, hands were the most vulnerable body parts to occupational exposure; by location, the exposure rate on mobile vehicles is four times than that in indoor places; by the number of exposure times, the incidence of one exposure cases accounted for 72.22%(52/72)while multiple exposure was rare by work link, the exposure rate of the sampling link was significantly higher than that of the other links. 【Conclusion】 Blood-borne occupational exposure of staff in blood centers is closely related to gender, age, working years, professional title level, department, occupational type, occurrence place, and body part, and has nothing to do with the education level. More attention should be paid to middle-aged female nurses on the front line of blood donation service, staff with primary or intermediate titles and undergraduate degrees. Otherwise, training and protection should be enhanced, operation methods be standardized, the blood collection environment be improved, and the management, automation and intelligent level of blood collection be promoted.