Objective To discuss the application of partial antiplatelet drug genotype detection and thromboelastography-platelet mapping(TEG-PM)in guiding the selection of antiplatelet regimens in patients with intracranial aneurysms(IAs)after receiving stenting.Methods A total of 106 patients with IAs in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,who underwent implantation of stent and received the testings of platelet-endothelial aggregation receptor 1(PEAR 1)and clopidogrel-related gene-cytochrome P450 enzyme 2C19(CYP2C19),and some of whom received TEG-PM testing from January 2019 to August 2022,were collected for this study.The patients were divided into group A(gene detection group,according to the drug-related gene detection results to adjust the medication)and group B(combination group,according to the two testing results to guide the medication).The patient's gender,age,testing data were collected,and the occlusion of IAs,stent intimal hyperplasia,drug-related hemorrhagic and ischemic complications during follow-up period were recorded.Results A total of 123 IAs lesions in 106 patients were treated.The patient's mean age was(53.67±6.66)years,67 patients were female.Group A had 41 patients and group B had 65 patients.No statistically significant differences in the baseline data,IAs features,stent types used,and medication regimen existed between the two groups(all P＞0.05).In Group A,the ischemic complications and hemorrhagic complications occurred in two patients each.In Group B,no ischemic complications occurred and 4 patients developed hemorrhagic complications.The difference in the incidence of related complications between the two groups was not statistically significant(P=0.287 and P=0.782 respectively).There were no statistically significant differences in the postoperative one-month and 3-month intimal hyperplasia grade and the aneurysm occlusion rate between the two groups(all P＞0.05).The postoperative 6-month overall intimal hyperplasia grade in Group A was slightly higher than that in Group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.034).Conclusion In order to improve the precision and individualized treatment of antiplatelet therapy,it is suggested that clinicians should adopt TEG-PM-guided conventional double-antibody therapy first when making selection of testing items.For patients with insufficient inhibition rate indicated by TEG-PM,testing of the genes associated with antiplatelet drugs should be used.Based on the genetic test results it is necessary to determine the reasons for the insufficient inhibition rate as well as to adjust the medication promptly according to the specific situation of the patient,so as to ensure the effectiveness of antiplatelet therapy and achieve the purpose of individualized precision therapy.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of resveratrol on ferropotosis in cardiomyocytes of mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods:Thirty healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 8 weeks, weighing 22-26 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=10 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), diabetic cardiomyopathy group (group DCM) and resveratrol group (group RSV). Freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) 40 mg·kg -1·d -1 was intraperitoneally injected for 5 consecutive days to develop the model of type 1 diabetes mellitus. After the model was successfully developed, resveratrol 25 mg·kg -1·d -1 was intragastrically given for 12 consecutive weeks in group RSV, while the equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide was given instead in group C and group DCM. Echocardiography was performed to examine the cardiac structure and function at the end of the 12th week. Then mice were sacrificed, and myocardial tissue specimens were harvested for microscopic examination of the pathological changes of myocardial tissues (by Hematologist-Eosin staining) and mitochondrial morphology of myocardial cells (with a transmission electron microscope) and for determination of the contents of iron, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) (by colorimetry) and expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (by Western blot). Results:Compared with group C, the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter were significantly increased, the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening were decreased, the contents of iron and MDA were increased, the content of GSH was decreased, and the expression of GPX4 was down-regulated in group DCM ( P<0.05). Compared with group DCM, the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter were significantly decreased, the left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction were increased, the contents of iron and MDA were decreased, the content of GSH was increased, the expression of GPX4 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of myocardial tissues and changes in mitochondrial morphology of myocardial cells were significantly attenuated in group RSV. Conclusions:The mechanism by which resveratrol attenuates myocardial injury and further improves cardiac dysfunction is related to inhibition of ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes of mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Objective:To investigate the expression of syndecan-1 (SDC1) in human venous malformations and the effect of syndecan-1 (SDC1) silences on migration, invasion and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:Pathological samples of venous malformation were selected from 20 patients with hemangioma surgically resected in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2020 to June 2021 (10 males and 10 females, aged 1-57 years, median age 7 years ). HUVECs was purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC ). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of SDC1 in venous malformations. The cytological experiments of HUVECs cultured in vitro were divided into two groups, transfected SDC1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) (si-SDC1 group) and control siRNA (control group), respectively. The siRNA with the best silencing effect was selected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot method for follow-up experiments. Then the ability of HUVECs migration, invasion and angiogenesis was detected by scratch test, Transwell migration and invasion test and angiogenesis test, respectively.Results:SDC1 was positive in 13 of the 20 venous malformations and was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of venous endothelial cells. Compared with HUVECs cells in NC group, the expression of SDC1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs cells in si-SDC1 group decreased, indicated that the synthesized siRNA targeting SDC1 could silence the expression of SDC1 , and the ability of HUVECs migration, invasion and angiogenesis were enhanced in si-SDC1 group.Conclusions:SDC1 was positively expressed in venous malformations. After silencing SDC1, the migration, invasion and tube formation ability of HUVECs were enhanced.

Objective:To investigate the expression of syndecan-1 (SDC1) in human venous malformations and the effect of SDC1 silencing on the migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:Twenty surgically resected samples of venous malformation were collected from 20 patients with hemangioma at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2020 to June 2021 (10 males and 10 females, aged 1-57 years, median age 7 years). HUVECs were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of SDC1 in venous malformations. HUVECs cultured in vitro were divided into two groups, and were transfected with SDC1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) (si-SDC1 group) or control siRNA (control group), respectively. The siRNA with the best silencing effect was screened and tested by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting for follow-up experiments. The migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of HUVECs were measured by scratch test, Transwell migration and invasion test, and angiogenesis test, respectively. Results:(1) SDC1 was positive in 13(65.0%) of the 20 venous malformations and was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of venous endothelial cells. (2) Compared with HUVECs in the control group, the expression of SDC1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs cells in si-SDC1 group both decreased ( P<0.05), indicating the synthesized siRNA targeting SDC1 could silence the expression of SDC1. (3) The migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of HUVECs were enhanced in si-SDC1 group( P<0.05). Conclusions:SDC1 was expressed in most venous malformations. After silencing SDC1, the migration, invasion and tube formation abilities of HUVECs were enhanced.

Objective:To investigate the expression of syndecan-1 (SDC1) in human venous malformations and the effect of syndecan-1 (SDC1) silences on migration, invasion and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:Pathological samples of venous malformation were selected from 20 patients with hemangioma surgically resected in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2020 to June 2021 (10 males and 10 females, aged 1-57 years, median age 7 years ). HUVECs was purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC ). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of SDC1 in venous malformations. The cytological experiments of HUVECs cultured in vitro were divided into two groups, transfected SDC1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) (si-SDC1 group) and control siRNA (control group), respectively. The siRNA with the best silencing effect was selected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot method for follow-up experiments. Then the ability of HUVECs migration, invasion and angiogenesis was detected by scratch test, Transwell migration and invasion test and angiogenesis test, respectively.Results:SDC1 was positive in 13 of the 20 venous malformations and was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of venous endothelial cells. Compared with HUVECs cells in NC group, the expression of SDC1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs cells in si-SDC1 group decreased, indicated that the synthesized siRNA targeting SDC1 could silence the expression of SDC1 , and the ability of HUVECs migration, invasion and angiogenesis were enhanced in si-SDC1 group.Conclusions:SDC1 was positively expressed in venous malformations. After silencing SDC1, the migration, invasion and tube formation ability of HUVECs were enhanced.

Objective:To investigate the expression of syndecan-1 (SDC1) in human venous malformations and the effect of SDC1 silencing on the migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:Twenty surgically resected samples of venous malformation were collected from 20 patients with hemangioma at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2020 to June 2021 (10 males and 10 females, aged 1-57 years, median age 7 years). HUVECs were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of SDC1 in venous malformations. HUVECs cultured in vitro were divided into two groups, and were transfected with SDC1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) (si-SDC1 group) or control siRNA (control group), respectively. The siRNA with the best silencing effect was screened and tested by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting for follow-up experiments. The migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of HUVECs were measured by scratch test, Transwell migration and invasion test, and angiogenesis test, respectively. Results:(1) SDC1 was positive in 13(65.0%) of the 20 venous malformations and was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of venous endothelial cells. (2) Compared with HUVECs in the control group, the expression of SDC1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs cells in si-SDC1 group both decreased ( P<0.05), indicating the synthesized siRNA targeting SDC1 could silence the expression of SDC1. (3) The migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of HUVECs were enhanced in si-SDC1 group( P<0.05). Conclusions:SDC1 was expressed in most venous malformations. After silencing SDC1, the migration, invasion and tube formation abilities of HUVECs were enhanced.

Levetiracetam (LEV) is the second generation of broad-spectrum antiepileptic drugs. Compared with other antiepileptic drugs, LEV has unique antiepileptic mechanism, good efficacy and tolerance, and its target is synaptic vesicle protein 2A. With the widespread use of LEV, more and more adverse reactions have been reported, especially mental related adverse reactions. This paper reviewed the research progress of LEV pharmacogenomics related targets, metabolism, adverse reaction related genetic variation and efficacy prediction, so as to provide decision-making for the application of LEV individualized treatment in clinical practice, improve the quality of life of epileptic patients and reduce the disease burden of patients with epilepsy.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of severe hemangioma with thrombocytopenia and coagulation abnormality (Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, KMP).Methods:From April 2018 to April 2021, 11 cases of KMP in our department were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent MRI, color ultrasound and hematology examination. Radiofrequency ablation was performed for all patients under general anesthesia. The comprehensive, multi-level and multi-point ablation was accurately implemented under the whole-process intraoperative monitoring of color ultrasound. Postoperative ice pad was applied for the treatment area, and dressing change was carried out every day.Results:All 11 cases of KMP were treated with radiofrequency ablation, including 5 males and 6 females, aged 1 d to 2 months, with a median age of 15 d. Intraoperative color Doppler ultrasound monitoring showed that the tumor was completely ablated in the single operation. All patients were followed up for 0.5 to 2 years. The tumor was cured without recurrence. The local function was unaffected. The local scar formation was mild and the appearance was satisfactory.Conclusions:Radiofrequency ablation has great clinical value in the treatment of KMP. It makes up the shortcomings and avoids the disadvantages of traditional surgery and other conservative treatment methods. Good clinical results can be achieved by radiofrequence ablation with satifactory function and appearance.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of severe hemangioma with thrombocytopenia and coagulation abnormality (Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, KMP).Methods:From April 2018 to April 2021, 11 cases of KMP in our department were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent MRI, color ultrasound and hematology examination. Radiofrequency ablation was performed for all patients under general anesthesia. The comprehensive, multi-level and multi-point ablation was accurately implemented under the whole-process intraoperative monitoring of color ultrasound. Postoperative ice pad was applied for the treatment area, and dressing change was carried out every day.Results:All 11 cases of KMP were treated with radiofrequency ablation, including 5 males and 6 females, aged 1 d to 2 months, with a median age of 15 d. Intraoperative color Doppler ultrasound monitoring showed that the tumor was completely ablated in the single operation. All patients were followed up for 0.5 to 2 years. The tumor was cured without recurrence. The local function was unaffected. The local scar formation was mild and the appearance was satisfactory.Conclusions:Radiofrequency ablation has great clinical value in the treatment of KMP. It makes up the shortcomings and avoids the disadvantages of traditional surgery and other conservative treatment methods. Good clinical results can be achieved by radiofrequence ablation with satifactory function and appearance.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms,and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of interventional endovascular therapy.Methods The clinical and imaging data,interventional therapy and observed effect,postoperative follow-up results of 40 patients with intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms treated with interventional endovascular therapy were analyzed retrospectively.Results Forty-two posterior circulation aneurysms were detected in 40 patients,and were treated successfully.Endovascular treatments included simple coil embolization (n=8),stem-assisted coil embolization (n=28),simple Onyx embolotherapy (n =1),aneurysms and parent artery occlusion (n=5).DSA performed immediately after treatment revealed that complete occlusion were achieved in 30 aneurysms,nearly complete occlusion in 6 aneurysms and partial occlusion in 6 aneurysms.DSA performed 6 months after treatment revealed that complete occlusion were achieved in 36 aneurysms,nearly complete occlusion in 4 aneurysms and partial occlusion in 1 aneurysms.At the time of discharge,the modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores were 0 point in 35 patients,1 point in 3 patients,2 point in 1 patient and 6 point in 1 dead patient.Three to six months after discharge from hospital,the mRS scores were 0 point in 38 patients and 1 point in 1 patient.No new neurological dysfunction or aneurysms recurred.Conclusion The intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms have special clinical and imaging features,and most of intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms are complex.Endovascular treatment is safe and effective for the intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms.