Objective:To investigate the effect of Simiao Yong'an Decoction on AMPK/ULK1 autophagy axis and inflammatory reaction in atherosclerotic(AS)mice.Methods:ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,low,medium and high doses of Simiao Yong'an Decoction groups and simvastatin group,with 10 mice in each group.Mice model of AS was induced by high-fat diet.Simao Yong'an Decoction given low(10.13 g/kg),medium(20.25 g/kg),high dose(40.5 g/kg)and simvastatin tablets(3 mg/kg)by gavage for 6 weeks.After administration,serum and aortic tissue of mice were collected,and serum lipid level was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of aorta;autophagy level of plaque tissue was observed by transmission electron microscope;levels of inflammatory factors IL-18,IFN-γ and CRP in serum were detected by ELISA;expression levels of AMPK,ULK1 and p62 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR;expressions of LC3Ⅱ and p-ULK1 protein were detected by immunofluorescence labeling;expressions of p-AMPK and p62 were detected by immunohistochemis-try.Results:Compared with model group,aortic plaque in Simiao Yong'an Decoction and simvastatin groups were significantly reduced,and serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,IFN-γ,IL-18 and CRP were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the level of HDL-C was increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);electron microscopy showed that autophagic bodies were increased;expressions of autophagy related factors LC3 Ⅱ,AMPK and ULK1 were induced,and expression of p62 was inhibited.Conclusion:Simiao Yong'an Decoction can induce AMPK/ULK1 autophagy axis and inhibit IFN-γ,IL-18 and CRP overexpressions in AS mice of may be one of the important mechanisms of Simiao Yong'an Decoction in anti-atherosclerosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Simiao Yong'an Decoction on AMPK/ULK1 autophagy axis and inflammatory reaction in atherosclerotic(AS)mice.Methods:ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,low,medium and high doses of Simiao Yong'an Decoction groups and simvastatin group,with 10 mice in each group.Mice model of AS was induced by high-fat diet.Simao Yong'an Decoction given low(10.13 g/kg),medium(20.25 g/kg),high dose(40.5 g/kg)and simvastatin tablets(3 mg/kg)by gavage for 6 weeks.After administration,serum and aortic tissue of mice were collected,and serum lipid level was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of aorta;autophagy level of plaque tissue was observed by transmission electron microscope;levels of inflammatory factors IL-18,IFN-γ and CRP in serum were detected by ELISA;expression levels of AMPK,ULK1 and p62 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR;expressions of LC3Ⅱ and p-ULK1 protein were detected by immunofluorescence labeling;expressions of p-AMPK and p62 were detected by immunohistochemis-try.Results:Compared with model group,aortic plaque in Simiao Yong'an Decoction and simvastatin groups were significantly reduced,and serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,IFN-γ,IL-18 and CRP were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the level of HDL-C was increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);electron microscopy showed that autophagic bodies were increased;expressions of autophagy related factors LC3 Ⅱ,AMPK and ULK1 were induced,and expression of p62 was inhibited.Conclusion:Simiao Yong'an Decoction can induce AMPK/ULK1 autophagy axis and inhibit IFN-γ,IL-18 and CRP overexpressions in AS mice of may be one of the important mechanisms of Simiao Yong'an Decoction in anti-atherosclerosis.

Objective:To investigate whether peritoneal dialysis can replace hemodialysis as an option for urgent-start dialysis for elderly patients with end-stage renal disease who need emergency initial dialysis.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study, with enrolment of patients ≥65 years with end-stage renal disease who started hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for the first time at the nephrology department of our hospital between January 1, 2013 and June 1, 2019 and were followed up regularly.All patients started dialysis within 5 days of catheterization.According to different dialysis methods, patients were divided into the urgent-start hemodialysis(USHD)group and the urgent-start peritoneal dialysis(USPD)group, and were followed up until December 31, 2019.Short-term(30 days after the procedure)dialysis-related complications and survival were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 89 elderly patients with end-stage renal disease receiving urgent-start dialysis were included, with 40 cases in the USPD group and 49 cases in the USHD group.There was no significant difference in the incidences of infection-related complications(0.0% vs.2.5%), non-infection-related complications(2.0% vs.2.5%), re-catheterization(0 vs.0)and bacteremia(0 vs.0)between the two groups( P> 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the median survival times of patients with USHD and with USPD were 63.0 months and 38.0 months, respectively, with no statistical significance(Log Rank, χ2=0.025, P=0.88). The Charlson comorbidity index( HR: 1.205, 95% CI: 1.026-1.415, P=0.023)and albumin level( HR: 0.949, 95% CI: 0.903-0.997, P=0.037)were independent risk factors for the survival and prognosis of elderly patients with urgent-start dialysis.Furthermore, we stratified and made an interactive analysis of the albumin level and the comorbidity index of elderly patients with urgent-start dialysis and found that there was no significant difference between the two modes of dialysis in the survival rate of elderly patients with end-stage renal disease( P>0.05). Conclusions:It is safe and effective to start dialysis within 5 days after peritoneal dialysis catheterization.For elderly patients with end-stage renal disease, peritoneal dialysis can replace hemodialysis as an option for urgent-start dialysis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and obesity/metabolic syndrome (MetS) related factors in children.

METHODS403 children aged 10-14 and born in Beijing were involved in this study. Height, weight, waist circumference, fat mass percentage (Fat%), blood pressure (BP), hsCRP, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C) were observed among these children. hsCRP was transformed with base 10 logarithm (lgCRP). MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation 2007 definition. Associations between MetS related components and hsCRP were tested using partial correlation analysis, analysis of covariance and linear regression models.

RESULTS1) lgCRP was positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, Fat%,BP, FPG, LDL-C and TC while negatively correlated with HDL-C. With BMI under control, the relationships disappeared, but LDL-C (r = 0.102). 2) The distributions of lgCRP showed obvious differences in all the metabolic indices, in most groups, respectively. With BMI under control, close relationships between lgCRP and high blood pressure/high TG disappeared and the relationship with MetS weakened. 3) Through linear regression models, factors as waist circumference, BMI, Fat% were the strongest factors related to hsCRP, followed by systolic BP, HDL-C, diastolic BP, TG and LDL-C. With BMI under control, the relationships disappeared, but LDL-C(β = 0.045).

CONCLUSIONhsCRP was correlated with child obesity, lipid metabolism and MetS. Waist circumference was the strongest factors related with hsCRP. Obesity was the strongest and the independent influencing factor of hsCRP.

C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; metabolism ; Obesity ; metabolism ; Waist Circumference

Objective:To investigate effects of viola on macrophage TOLL-like receptor expression ,and tentatively explore the partial mechanism of viola intervention on macrophage function.Methods: Using viola water decoction lavage intervention in clean grade SD rats of conventional preparation containing serum ,In a certain concentration coculture with mouse peritoneal macrophages in 96-well plates.After 24 hours,cell phagocytosis activity was determined by neutral red uptake assay ,changes in expression levels of TLR-1,TLR-2,TLR-3,TLR-4,TLR-5 mRNAs were determined by RT-PCR.Results:Compared with the same concentration of normal serum group :(1 ) viola-containing serum group macrophage activity was significantly increased ( P<0.01 );( 2 ) Within certain concentration,viola containing serum group with increased or decreased expression levels of TLR -1,TLR-2,TLR-3 mRNA(P<0.05 or P<0.01 ) ,the expression level of TLR-4 was not significantly altered in each group ( P>0.05 ) ,and the expression level of TLR-5 was significantly increased in each group ( P<0.01 ).Conclusion:Viola-containing serum has obvious promoting effect on macrophage phag-ocytosis,the mechanism of which may be related to that this drug regulates and controls part of macrophage TOLL -like receptor expres-sion.

Objective To explore the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)and obesity/metabolic syndrome(MetS)related factors in children. Methods 403 children aged 10-14 and born in Beijing were involved in this study. Height,weight,waist circumference,fat mass percentage(Fat%),blood pressure(BP),hsCRP,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC), fasting plasma glucose(FPG),high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C,LDL-C)were observed among these children. hsCRP was transformed with base 10 logarithm(lgCRP). MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation 2007 definition. Associations between MetS related components and hsCRP were tested using partial correlation analysis,analysis of covariance and linear regression models. Results 1) lgCRP was positively correlated with BMI,waist circumference,Fat%,BP,FPG,LDL-C and TC while negatively correlated with HDL-C. With BMI under control,the relationships disappeared,but LDL-C(r=0.102). 2)The distributions of lgCRP showed obvious differences in all the metabolic indices,in most groups,respectively. With BMI under control,close relationships between lgCRP and high blood pressure/high TG disappeared and the relationship with MetS weakened. 3) Through linear regression models, factors as waist circumference,BMI,Fat% were the strongest factors related to hsCRP,followed by systolic BP, HDL-C,diastolic BP,TG and LDL-C. With BMI under control,the relationships disappeared,but LDL-C (β=0.045). Conclusion hsCRP was correlated with child obesity,lipid metabolism and MetS. Waist circumference was the strongest factors related with hsCRP. Obesity was the strongest and the independent influencing factor of hsCRP.