OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different sterilization methods on 3D-printed polylactic acid(PLA)guide plates for orthopedic surgery,and to analyze their physical properties,microbial contamination,structural performance and bio compatibility after sterilization.METHODS PLA guide plates for orthopedic surgery were prepared with 3D printing technology and divided into a blank group,a hydrogen peroxide plasma steriliza-tion group,an ethylene oxide sterilization group and a pressure steam sterilization group.Before and after sterili-zation,the changes in volume and weight of the surgical guide plates were measured,microbial detection was con-ducted,structural changes were observed with a laser scanning confocal microscope,and cell co-culture was con-ducted to evaluate biocompatibility,thereby the effects of different sterilization methods were assessed.RESULTS The three sterilization methods had no significant effect on the volume and weight of PLA surgical guide plates.Microbial detection showed that all three sterilization methods were effective in killing bacteria,and bacte-rial cultures were negative.Laser confocal scanning microscopy revealed that sterilization treatment caused certain changes to the microstructure of the surgical guide plates,but high-temperature sterilization had a more pro-nounced effect on the deformation of the guide plate edges.Cell co-culture results indicated that the surgical guide plates treated with the three sterilization methods exhibited acceptable cytotoxicity and had little effect on cell pro-liferation.CONCLUSIONS All three sterilization methods cause microstructural changes to the surgical guide plate.Among them,pressure steam sterilization significantly deforms the structure of the guide plate,directly af-fecting its precise positioning of mutual spatial distances,angular relationships and orientation during surgery.Al-though hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization does not cause significant deformation,ethylene oxide sterilization has the least impact on material properties and structural stability while ensuring the sterilization effect of PLA surgical guide plates.

Lacrimal duct obstruction is a common condition in ophthalmology. Chronic dacryocystitis, resulting from a secondary infection, can significantly impact a person's health and quality of life and may easily lead to obstruction due to inflammation or trauma. The most common symptom of a blocked tear duct is excessive tearing. Over time, if the tear duct becomes infected with bacteria, chronic dacryocystitis can develop, leading to inflammation of the conjunctiva, eyelids, and face, which can severely affect a patient's daily life. Therefore, active research into the risk factors associated with lacrimal canal obstruction, as well as an understanding of their prevalence in the population, is essential. This knowledge will aid in further investigations into their pathogenesis and preventive measures, which are crucial for reducing incidence rates and improving treatment outcomes.

High myopia, one of the most prevalent diseases globally, is primarily treated through surgery. The recovery of visual acuity after surgery is particularly important. However, high myopia often presents unique pathological changes that can easily lead to cataracts, complicating the surgery and affecting the prognosis. Phacoemulsification can effectively address cataract conditions, but it may result in instability of the intraocular lens. Therefore, it is crucial to further explore better surgical options. This paper reviews the optimal surgical procedures for high myopia with cataracts, as well as the stability of the intraocular lens and the recovery of visual acuity after surgery.

Lipidomics is an emerging discipline that systematically studies the various types,functions,and metabolic pathways of lipids within living organisms.This field compares changes in diseases or drug impact,identifying biomarkers and molecular mechanisms present in lipid metabolic networks across different physiological or pathological states.Through employing analytical chemistry within the realm of lipidomics,researchers analyze traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).This analysis aids in uncovering potential mechanisms for treating diverse physiopathological conditions,assessing drug efficacy,un-derstanding mechanisms of action and toxicity,and generating innovative ideas for disease prevention and treatment.This manuscript assesses recent literature,summarizing existing lipidomics technologies and their applications in TCM research.It delineates the efficacy,mechanisms,and toxicity research related to lipidomics in Chinese medicine.Additionally,it explores the utilization of lipidomics in quality control research for Chinese medicine,aiming to expand the application of lipidomics within this field.Ultimately,this initiative seeks to foster the integration of traditional medicine theory with modern science and technology,promoting an organic fusion between the two domains.

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of TCM syndromes in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and their relationship with microinflammatory status and nutritional status.Methods:A retrospective study. Gender, age, TCM syndrome types, chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging, nutritional status and other medical records of 302 patients with DN from January 2021 to October 2024 in Affiliated Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The neutrophil count and lymphocyte count were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer, and the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was calculated; the levels of IL-1β and IL-10 were detected by ELISA; malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) was used to evaluate nutritional status. Cramer's V and Eta2 correlation coefficient were used to analyze the correlation between TCM syndrome types and CKD stage, micro inflammatory state and nutritional status in patients with DN. Results:Among the 302 patients, the primary syndromes in descending order were qi-yin deficiency (106 cases), spleen-kidney deficiency (94 cases), liver-kidney yin deficiency (71 cases), and yin-yang deficiency (31 cases). The associated syndromes in descending order were blood stasis (75 cases), phlegm-stasis (66 cases), dampness-turbidity (62 cases), damp-heat (52 cases), and none (47 cases). The top three combined syndromes were spleen-kidney deficiency with damp-heat, qi-yin deficiency with blood stasis, and qi-yin deficiency with phlegm-stasis. For primary syndromes, CKD stage I was mainly qi-yin deficiency and liver-kidney yin deficiency; stage Ⅱ, qi-yin deficiency and liver-kidney yin deficiency; stage Ⅲ, qi-yin deficiency and spleen-kidney deficiency; stage Ⅳ, spleen-kidney deficiency. Differences across CKD stages were statistically significant ( χ2=86.08, P<0.001). For associated syndromes, CKD stage Ⅰ was mainly none; stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ, blood stasis; stage Ⅳ, dampness-turbidity, with statistical significance ( χ2=58.92, P<0.001). NLR and IL-1β levels in yin-yang deficiency, spleen-kidney deficiency, and liver-kidney yin deficiency were higher than in qi-yin deficiency, while IL-10 levels were lower ( P<0.05); for associated syndromes, dampness-turbidity showed higher NLR and IL-1β and lower IL-10 compared with blood stasis and phlegm-stasis ( P<0.05). There was statistical significance in the distribution of DN patients with different syndrome types and nutritional status ( χ2=75.16, P<0.001); there was no statistical significance in the distribution of patients with different syndrome types and nutritional status ( χ2=13.93, P>0.05). Qi-yin deficiency and liver-kidney yin deficiency were mainly mildly malnourished, while spleen-kidney deficiency and yin-yang deficiency were mainly moderately malnourished. Cramer's V/ Eta2 analysis indicated that primary TCM syndromes were correlated with CKD stage, nutritional status (Cramer's V values were 0.308, 0.288), NLR, IL-1β, IL-10 ( Eta2 values were 0.865, 0.984, 0.916) ( P<0.001), while associated syndromes were correlated with CKD stage (Cramer's V=0.255), NLR, IL-1β, and IL-10 ( Eta2 values were 0.891, 0.958, 0.908) ( P<0.001). Conclusions:DN patients is mainly qi-yin deficiency syndrome, and blood-stasis syndrome. The TCM syndrome type is mainly spleen-kidney deficiency and damp-heat syndrome, and the TCM syndrome type is related to micro inflammatory state and nutritional status.

Lipidomics is an emerging discipline that systematically studies the various types, functions, and metabolic pathways of lipids within living organisms. This field compares changes in diseases or drug impact, identifying biomarkers and molecular mechanisms present in lipid metabolic networks across different physiological or pathological states. Through employing analytical chemistry within the realm of lipidomics, researchers analyze traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This analysis aids in uncovering potential mechanisms for treating diverse physiopathological conditions, assessing drug efficacy, understanding mechanisms of action and toxicity, and generating innovative ideas for disease prevention and treatment. This manuscript assesses recent literature, summarizing existing lipidomics technologies and their applications in TCM research. It delineates the efficacy, mechanisms, and toxicity research related to lipidomics in Chinese medicine. Additionally, it explores the utilization of lipidomics in quality control research for Chinese medicine, aiming to expand the application of lipidomics within this field. Ultimately, this initiative seeks to foster the integration of traditional medicine theory with modern science and technology, promoting an organic fusion between the two domains.

Lacrimal duct obstruction is a common condition in ophthalmology. Chronic dacryocystitis, resulting from a secondary infection, can significantly impact a person's health and quality of life and may easily lead to obstruction due to inflammation or trauma. The most common symptom of a blocked tear duct is excessive tearing. Over time, if the tear duct becomes infected with bacteria, chronic dacryocystitis can develop, leading to inflammation of the conjunctiva, eyelids, and face, which can severely affect a patient's daily life. Therefore, active research into the risk factors associated with lacrimal canal obstruction, as well as an understanding of their prevalence in the population, is essential. This knowledge will aid in further investigations into their pathogenesis and preventive measures, which are crucial for reducing incidence rates and improving treatment outcomes.

High myopia, one of the most prevalent diseases globally, is primarily treated through surgery. The recovery of visual acuity after surgery is particularly important. However, high myopia often presents unique pathological changes that can easily lead to cataracts, complicating the surgery and affecting the prognosis. Phacoemulsification can effectively address cataract conditions, but it may result in instability of the intraocular lens. Therefore, it is crucial to further explore better surgical options. This paper reviews the optimal surgical procedures for high myopia with cataracts, as well as the stability of the intraocular lens and the recovery of visual acuity after surgery.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different sterilization methods on 3D-printed polylactic acid(PLA)guide plates for orthopedic surgery,and to analyze their physical properties,microbial contamination,structural performance and bio compatibility after sterilization.METHODS PLA guide plates for orthopedic surgery were prepared with 3D printing technology and divided into a blank group,a hydrogen peroxide plasma steriliza-tion group,an ethylene oxide sterilization group and a pressure steam sterilization group.Before and after sterili-zation,the changes in volume and weight of the surgical guide plates were measured,microbial detection was con-ducted,structural changes were observed with a laser scanning confocal microscope,and cell co-culture was con-ducted to evaluate biocompatibility,thereby the effects of different sterilization methods were assessed.RESULTS The three sterilization methods had no significant effect on the volume and weight of PLA surgical guide plates.Microbial detection showed that all three sterilization methods were effective in killing bacteria,and bacte-rial cultures were negative.Laser confocal scanning microscopy revealed that sterilization treatment caused certain changes to the microstructure of the surgical guide plates,but high-temperature sterilization had a more pro-nounced effect on the deformation of the guide plate edges.Cell co-culture results indicated that the surgical guide plates treated with the three sterilization methods exhibited acceptable cytotoxicity and had little effect on cell pro-liferation.CONCLUSIONS All three sterilization methods cause microstructural changes to the surgical guide plate.Among them,pressure steam sterilization significantly deforms the structure of the guide plate,directly af-fecting its precise positioning of mutual spatial distances,angular relationships and orientation during surgery.Al-though hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization does not cause significant deformation,ethylene oxide sterilization has the least impact on material properties and structural stability while ensuring the sterilization effect of PLA surgical guide plates.

Background and Aims:Rupture is the most serious complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm,requiring rapid diagnosis,emergency surgery,and posing significant surgical challenges,with high mortality rates. Currently,there is very limited reporting on ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) in our country,which presents numerous difficulties for the prevention and treatment of rAAA. This study collected the data of epidemiological characteristics,treatment outcomes,and prognosis of rAAA patients from multiple centers with a large sample size,analyzing the current status and trends of rAAA surgery in China over the past decade,aiming to provide reference for clinical practice.Methods:The clinical and follow-up data of 161 rAAA patients treated at five major vascular surgery centers (50 from Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to the Medical School,Nanjing University;19 from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University;33 from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University;31 from Qilu Hospital,Shandong University;and 28 from the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China) were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 161 patients,124 (77.02％) were male and 37 (22.98％) were female,with an average age of 68.27 years. The median age at diagnosis was 70 years for males and 71 years for females. The overall mean aneurysm diameter was 7.11 cm,with males at 7.72 cm and females at 6.82 cm,showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The main comorbidities were hypertension and coronary artery disease. Over 80％ of patients presented with abdominal pain as the initial symptom,while 15％ presented with low back pain,and 8 patients sought medical attention for dizziness or visual disturbances. Among the 161 patients,86 underwent open surgical repair (OSR),and 75 received endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The proportion of EVAR has increased annually,reaching nearly 70％ in the past five years,and up to 90％ in patients aged over 70 years. All OSR procedures were performed under general anesthesia,while 20 EVAR cases used local anesthesia and 55 used general anesthesia. Compared to the OSR group,the EVAR group showed significant differences in operative time (231.77 min vs. 162.49 min),intraoperative blood transfusion volume (1578.56 mL vs. 843.87 mL),length of hospital stay (21.21 d vs. 15.34 d),ICU stay duration (8.28 d vs. 5.49 d),and hospitalization costs (108500 CNY vs. 132800 CNY) (all P<0.05). No significant differences were found between the EVAR and OSR groups in total complications or perioperative mortality rates (both P>0.05). The main causes of perioperative death included respiratory and circulatory failure,acute myocardial infarction,and severe infections. Postoperative follow-up was effectively conducted for 92 patients,with follow-up durations ranging from 10 to 142 months. Survival analysis revealed no significant difference in survival rate between the OSR and EVAR groups (P=0.3182).Conclusion:rAAA is a rare and high-risk disease,with certain clinical differences between male and female patients. The number of EVAR procedures has increased rapidly;however,EVAR has not shown a significant advantage over OSR in improving long-term survival rates.