Due to its complexity, pancreatic surgery has a high incidence of perioperative complications. Intra-abdominal infection, as one of the common complications after pancreatic surgery, prolongs the recovery time of patients, increases the overall incidence of complications. The key to preventing intra-abdominal infection after pancreatic surgery lies in precise operation, precise suturing, and sufficient drainage of the surgical fields. In terms of diagnosis and treatment, early diagnosis of abdominal infections, timely identification of pathogens, and use of targeted anti-infective drugs are crucial for controlling the source of infection and avoiding its spread. With the emergence of diagnostic technologies such as metagenomic sequencing, it is necessary to reanalyze the patterns of pathogens in intra-abdominal infections after pancreatic surgery, and to rethink the diagnosis and treatment process of intra-abdominal infection.

Due to its complexity, pancreatic surgery has a high incidence of perioperative complications. Intra-abdominal infection, as one of the common complications after pancreatic surgery, prolongs the recovery time of patients, increases the overall incidence of complications. The key to preventing intra-abdominal infection after pancreatic surgery lies in precise operation, precise suturing, and sufficient drainage of the surgical fields. In terms of diagnosis and treatment, early diagnosis of abdominal infections, timely identification of pathogens, and use of targeted anti-infective drugs are crucial for controlling the source of infection and avoiding its spread. With the emergence of diagnostic technologies such as metagenomic sequencing, it is necessary to reanalyze the patterns of pathogens in intra-abdominal infections after pancreatic surgery, and to rethink the diagnosis and treatment process of intra-abdominal infection.

Objective: To investigate the impact of tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13(TNFSF13) derived from M2 macrophages on temozolomide(TMZ) resistanceviaregulating interferon regulatory factor 8(IRF8) in glioblastoma(GBM) cells. Methods: Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was used to detect the expression of TNFSF13 in normal brain tissues and GBM tissues. ELISA was used to measure the expression of TNFSF13 in the conditioned media(CM) of M0-type macrophages and M2-type macrophages. M0-CM and M2-CM were used to culture U251 sensitive(U251/S) and resistant(U251/R) cells. The TMZ treatment group was also treated with 800 μmol/L TMZ. The U251/R cells were divided into the following groups: con group, M2vector-CM group, M2vector-CM+TMZ group, M2TNFSF13-CM group, M2TNFSF13-CM+TMZ group, si-IRF8 group, and si-IRF8+M2TNFSF13-CM group. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability and calculate the IC50value. Transwell assay was used to detect cell invasion. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of IRF8. Nude mouse xenograft models were constructed and the nude mice were divided into the following groups: U251+M2si-NCgroup, U251+M2si-TNFSF13group, U251+M2si-NC+TMZ group, U251+M2si-TNFSF13+TMZ group. The tumor volume and mass of each group were measured, and IHC was used to detect the expression of TNFSF13 and CD206 in tumor tissues of each group. Results: Compared with adjacent tissues and M0-CM, the expression of TNFSF13 was up-regulated in cancer tissues and M2-CM. Compared with the M0-CM group, the IC50value of TMZ and the number of cell invasions in U251/S and U251/R cells in the M2-CM group significantly increased(allP<0.05). Overexpression of TNFSF13 in M2 macrophages could promote the IC50value of TMZ in U251/R cells, promote cell invasion, and inhibit cell apoptosis(allP<0.05). Overexpression of TNFSF13 promoted the expression of IRF8, and knocking down IRF8 could attenuate the TMZ resistance of U251/R mediated by overexpression of TNFSF13.In vivostudies showed that knocking down TNFSF13 alone or combined with TMZ treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced the expression of TNFSF13 and CD206. Conclusion TNFSF13 derived from M2 macrophages promotes TMZ resistance in GBM cells by activating IRF8.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of individualised microvascular decompression (MVD) for trigeminal neuralgia (TN), so as to provide individualised treatment strategies and new thoughts for treatment.Methods:Clinical data of 46 patients who had TN and treated in the Department of Neurosurgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2021 to September 2023 were retrospectively studied. The study consisted of 19 males and 27 females, with an average age of morbidity at (58.3 ± 9.0) years old. Preoperative pain ratings and surgical outcomes were evaluated using the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain rating scale, and of which 27 patients were rated at BNI grade IV and 19 at grade V before surgery. A posterior trans-sigmoid sinus approach was applied in surgery on all patients, which could be performed in various ways depending on the vascular conditions identified during surgery. Ten patients were treated with microsurgery, 12 with endoscopic surgery and 24 with combined endoscopic surgery and microsurgery. After having identified the responsible vessel(s), a vascular decompression for the affected trigeminal nerve was performed and the nerve decompression was achieved by a polyester pad. Long-term postoperative follow-ups were conducted via telephone interviews or outpatient visits.Results:A total of 46 patients received the microvascular decompression surgery. Among them, 43 cases (93.5%) achieved immediate and complete pain relief of BNI grade I after surgery, and 3 cases (6.5%) achieved partial pain relief of BNI grade Ⅱ. Four patients developed facial numbness and sensory reduction, 2 developed facial paralysis (of House-Brackmann grade Ⅱ of 1 patient and grade Ⅲ of the other), 8 developed pneumocephalus, 4 developed postoperative fever, and 2 developed subcutaneous effusion. After treatment, the pneumocephalus and fever were cured, subcutaneous effusion was disappeared in 1 patient, but remained in the other. The mean follow-up period for the 46 patients was 16.2 (1-33) months. During the follow-up, 2 of the 3 patients of BNI grade Ⅱ immediately after surgery had complete remission to BNI grade Ⅰ and the other had recurrence and aggravation at BNI grade Ⅳ.Conclusion:The complexity of the responsible vessels is one of the important factors to be considered in the microvascular decompression strategy for trigeminal neuralgia. An individualised surgical plan according to a specific vascular condition identified in the surgery, is a best possible or worthiness surgical strategy in the treatment for a TN.

Tooth germ injury can lead to abnormal tooth development and even tooth loss, affecting various aspects of the stomatognathic system including form, function, and appearance. However, the research about tooth germ injury model on cellular and molecule mechanism of tooth germ repair is still very limited. Therefore, it is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of tooth germ injury to study the important mechanism of tooth germ repair by a tooth germ injury model. Here, we constructed a Tg(dlx2b:Dendra2-NTR) transgenic line that labeled tooth germ specifically. Taking advantage of the NTR/Mtz system, the dlx2b⁺ tooth germ cells were depleted by Mtz effectively. The process of tooth germ repair was evaluated by antibody staining, in situ hybridization, EdU staining and alizarin red staining. The severely injured tooth germ was repaired in several days after Mtz treatment was stopped. In the early stage of tooth germ repair, the expression of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 was increased, indicating that mTORC1 is activated. Inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in vitro or knockdown of mTORC1 signaling in vivo could inhibit the repair of injured tooth germ. Normally, mouse incisors were repaired after damage, but inhibition/promotion of mTORC1 signaling inhibited/promoted this repair progress. Overall, we are the first to construct a stable and repeatable repair model of severe tooth germ injury, and our results reveal that mTORC1 signaling plays a crucial role during tooth germ repair, providing a potential target for clinical treatment of tooth germ injury.
Animals ; Mice ; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1/pharmacology* ; Signal Transduction ; Tooth/metabolism* ; Tooth Germ/metabolism* ; Odontogenesis

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are highly heterogeneous, and the management of pNENs patients can be intractable. To address this challenge, an expert committee was established on behalf of the Chinese Pancreatic Surgery Association, Chinese Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, which consisted of surgical oncologists, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, pathologists, and nuclear medicine specialists. By reviewing the important issues regarding the diagnosis and treatment of pNENs, the committee concluded evidence-based statements and recommendations in this article, in order to further improve the management of pNENs patients in China.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are highly heterogeneous, and the management of pNENs patients can be intractable. To address this challenge, an expert committee was established on behalf of the Group of Pancreatic Surgery, Chinese Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, which consisted of surgical oncologists, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, pathologists, and nuclear medicine specialists. By reviewing the important issues regarding the diagnosis and treatment of pNENs, the committee concluded evidence-based statements and recommendations in this article, in order to further improve the management of pNENs patients in China.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are highly heterogeneous, and the management of pNENs patients can be intractable. To address this challenge, an expert committee was established on behalf of the Group of Pancreatic Surgery, Chinese Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, which consisted of surgical oncologists, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, pathologists, and nuclear medicine specialists. By reviewing the important issues regarding the diagnosis and treatment of pNENs, the committee concluded evidence-based statements and recommendations in this article, in order to further improve the management of pNENs patients in China.

Pancreatic cancer has poor prognosis and lymph node metastasis is a poor prognostic factor in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. The metastatic prevalence of para-aortic lymph node (PALN) ranges from 9.1% to 26.5% and it is listed as the distant metastatic group in pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, it is controversial whether PALN metastasis is the contraindication of surgery in resectable pancreatic cancer for the shortage of level Ⅰ evidence.This study concluded that PALN metastasis indicated poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer, but some patients with PALN metastases could benefit from surgery and their survival could be much improved after the combination of surgery and adjuvant therapy. Therefore, it is not wise to refuse surgery for all pancreatic cancer patients with PALN metastasis and the clinicians can cautiously choose the patients to do surgery. Besides, there are mainly retrospective studies rather than prospective and multicenter studies to explore the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with PALN metastasis. Thus, more prospective and multicenter studies are needed to decide whether PALN metastasis is an independent prognostic factor in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To explore and analyze the influencing factors of facial nerve function retainment after microsurgery resection of acoustic neurinoma. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of our hospital 105 acoustic neuroma cases from October, 2006 to January 2012, in the group all patients were treated with suboccipital sigmoid sinus approach to acoustic neuroma microsurgery resection. We adopted researching individual patient data, outpatient review and telephone followed up and the House-Brackmann grading system to evaluate and analyze the facial nerve function. RESULTS: Among 105 patients in this study group, complete surgical resection rate was 80.9% (85/105), subtotal resection rate was 14.3% (15/105), and partial resection rate 4.8% (5/105). The rate of facial nerve retainment on neuroanatomy was 95.3% (100/105) and the mortality rate was 2.1% (2/105). Facial nerve function when the patient is discharged from the hospital, also known as immediate facial nerve function which was graded in House-Brackmann: excellent facial nerve function (House-Brackmann I–II level) cases accounted for 75.2% (79/105), facial nerve function III–IV level cases accounted for 22.9% (24/105), and V–VI cases accounted for 1.9% (2/105). Patients were followed up for more than one year, with excellent facial nerve function retention rate (H-B I–II level) was 74.4% (58/78). CONCLUSION: Acoustic neuroma patients after surgery, the long-term (≥1 year) facial nerve function excellent retaining rate was closely related with surgical proficiency, post-operative immediate facial nerve function, diameter of tumor and whether to use electrophysiological monitoring techniques; while there was no significant correlation with the patient’s age, surgical approach, whether to stripping the internal auditory canal, whether there was cystic degeneration, tumor recurrence, whether to merge with obstructive hydrocephalus and the length of the duration of symptoms.
Acoustics* ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Facial Nerve* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Microsurgery ; Mortality ; Neuroanatomy ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Outpatients ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Telephone