In recent years, the spread of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection has seriously affected the yield and quality of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.. The cascade of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a highly conserved signaling pathway, plays an important role in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. To mine the MAPK genes related to clubroot disease resistance in B. juncea, we conducted a genome-wide analysis on this vegetable, and we analyzed the phylogenetic evolution and gene structure of the MAPK gene family in mustard. The 66 BjuMAPK genes identified by screening the whole genome sequence of B. juncea were unevenly distributed on 17 chromosomes. At the genomic scale, tandem repeats led to an increase in the number of MAPK genes in B. juncea. It was found that members of the same subfamily had similar gene structures, and there were great differences among different subfamilies. These predicted cis-acting elements were related to plant hormones, stress resistance, and plant growth and development. The expression of BjuMAPK02, BjuMAPK15, BjuMAPK17, and BjuMAPK19 were down-regulated or up-regulated in response to P. brassicae infection. The above results lay a theoretical foundation for further studying the functions of BjuMAPK genes in B. juncea in response to the biotic stress caused by clubroot disease.
Mustard Plant/parasitology* ; Plasmodiophorida/pathogenicity* ; Plant Diseases/genetics* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Disease Resistance/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genome, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics*

The COVID-19 epidemic has spread to the whole world for three years and has had a serious impact on human life, health and economic activities. China's epidemic prevention and control has gone through the following stages: emergency unconventional stage, emergency normalization stage, and the transitional stage from the emergency normalization to the "Category B infectious disease treated as Category B" normalization, and achieved a major and decisive victory. The designated hospitals for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in Tianjin has successfully completed its tasks in all stages of epidemic prevention and control, and has accumulated valuable experience. This article summarizes the experience of constructing a hospital infection prevention and control system during the "Category B infectious disease treated as Category A" period in designated hospital. The experience is summarized as the "Cluster" hospital infection prevention and control system, namely "three rings" outside, middle and inside, "three districts" of green, orange and red, "three things" before, during and after the event, "two-day pre-purification" and "two-director system", and "one zone" management. In emergency situations, we adopt a simplified version of the cluster hospital infection prevention and control system. In emergency situations, a simplified version of the "Cluster" hospital infection prevention and control system can be adopted. This system has the following characteristics: firstly, the system emphasizes the characteristics of "cluster" and the overall management of key measures to avoid any shortcomings. The second, it emphasizes the transformation of infection control concepts to maximize the safety of medical services through infection control. The third, it emphasizes the optimization of the process. The prevention and control measures should be comprehensive and focused, while also preventing excessive use. The measures emphasize the use of the least resources to achieve the best infection control effect. The fourth, it emphasizes the quality control work of infection control, pays attention to the importance of the process, and advocates the concept of "system slimming, process fattening". Fifthly, it emphasizes that the future development depends on artificial intelligence, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of prevention and control to the greatest extent. Sixth, hospitals need to strengthen continuous training and retraining. We utilize diverse training methods, including artificial intelligence, to ensure that infection control policies and procedures are simple. We have established an evaluation and feedback mechanism to ensure that medical personnel are in an emergency state at all times.

Objective To understand the epidemic status of biological stings on an island and the knowledge about environmental emergencies of personnel stationed on the island.Methods With convenience sampling,we investigated 270 personnel using a self-designed anonymous questionnaire based on clinical treatment situation and on-the-spot investigation of the island.Results A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed,and 254 valid questionnaires were returned,with an effective rate of 94.07％.A total of 164(64.57％)personnel had a history of stings,with median times of 2(0,5).The main clinical symptoms were local swelling and pain(142 cases,86.59％)and pruritus(110 cases,67.07％).The personnel scored 14(11,17)for the first aid knowledge about island environmental emergencies(the full score was 26).The vast majority of personnel(227 cases,89.37％)believed that it was necessary to learn the knowledge about island environmental emergencies,and the majority of personnel(186 cases,73.23％)hoped to learn through centralized teaching.Conclusion The environmental emergencies represented by biological stings are becoming increasingly serious,so it is necessary to carry out multiple prevention and environmental control measures,and to carry out regular and long-term training for personnel stationed on islands.

Objective:To explore the factors influencing the clinical outcome of complex high-risk indicated patients percutaneous coronary intervention (CHIP-PCI) assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods:The clinical data of patients with CHIP-PCI assisted by ECMO in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into the survival and death groups according to the in-hospital survival status. The baseline characteristic, the results of coronary angiography, and the use of ECMO, blood products and drug were compared between the two groups. The 24-h rate of change of biochemical test indicators after the use of ECMO were calculated and the univariate analysis was analyzed using rank sum test. According to the univariate analysis, the variables ( P<0.05) were included in multivariate logistic regression to analyze the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of patients. Results:A total of 67 CHIP patients who completed PCI with ECMO were included. In the survival group ( n=36), the duration of ECMO treatment was 59 (41, 87) h, 9 cases received continuous renal replacement therapy, and 11 cases received IABP. In the death group ( n=31), the duration of ECMO treatment was 31 (19, 80) h, 12 cases received continuous renal replacement therapy and10 cases received IABP. The proportion of patients with chronic total occlusion lesions (CTOs) in the survival group was lower than that in the death group, the duration of ECMO of the survival group was longer than that of the death group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 24-h lactate change rate ( OR=2.864, 95% CI: 1.185-6.918, P=0.019), 24-h eGFR change rate ( OR=0.050, 95% CI: 0.003-0.871, P=0.040), 24-h D-dimer change rate ( OR=1.497, 95% CI: 1.044-2.146, P=0.028) and 24-h direct bilirubin change rate ( OR=2.617, 95% CI: 1.121-6.111, P=0.026) were associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions:Within 24 h after CHIP-PCI assisted by ECMO, the rapid decline in lactic acid, D-dimer and direct bilirubin, and the rapid recovery of eGFR, are associated with the decreased risk of hospital mortality from CHIP.

The WUSCHEL related-homeobox (WOX) family is one of the plant-specific transcription factor families, playing important roles in plant growth and development. In this study, 51 WOX gene family members were identified from the genome data of Brassica juncea by searching and screening with HUMMER, Smart and other software. Their protein molecular weight, amino acids numbers, and isoelectric point were analyzed by using Expasy online software. Furthermore, bioinformatics software was used to systematically analyze the evolutionary relationship, conservative region, and gene structure of the WOX gene family. The mustard WOX gene family was divided into three subfamilies: ancient clade, intermediate clade, and WUS clade/modern clade. Structural analysis showed that the type, organization form and gene structure of the conservative domain of WOX transcription factor family members in the same subfamily were highly consistent, while there was a certain diversity among different subfamilies. 51 WOX genes are distributed unevenly on 18 chromosomes of mustard. Most of the promoters of these genes contain cis acting elements related to light, hormone and abiotic stress. Using transcriptome data and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, it was found that the expression of mustard WOX gene was spatio-temporal specific, among which BjuWOX25, BjuWOX33, and BjuWOX49 might play an important role in the development of silique, and BjuWOX10, BjuWOX32, and BjuWOX11, BjuWOX23 respectively might play an important role in the response to drought and high temperature stresses. The above results may facilitate the functional study of mustard WOX gene family.
Mustard Plant/genetics* ; Multigene Family/genetics* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Plants/genetics* ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Phylogeny ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/metabolism*

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of an intelligent aerobic bicycle training on lower limb motor function, cardiopulmonary function and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with ischemic stroke at different courses. MethodsFrom November, 2019 to November, 2021, 138 ischemic stroke patients were stratified-randomly divided into control group (n = 69) and experimental group (n = 69). All the patients received medication and routine rehabilitation training, and the experimental group additionally received intelligent aerobic bicycle training, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak), Six-minute Walk Test (6MWT) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before, and four weeks and eight weeks after treatment. ResultsThe performances of FMA-LE, VO₂peak, 6MWT and MBI improved in both groups after treatment (|t| > 6.763, P < 0.001), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.439, P < 0.05). For the patients beginning training less than one month after stroke, the performances of FMA-LE, VO₂peak and 6MWT improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.036, P < 0.05); for those during one to three months, the performances of 6MWT and MBI improved more (|t| > 2.005, P < 0.05); for those during three to six months, the performances of all the tests were not significantly different (|t| < 1.303, P > 0.05). ConclusionIntelligent aerobic bicycle training may improve the lower limb motor function, cardiopulmonary function and ADL for patients with ischemic stroke, especially intervening earlier.

Objective:To establish an automatic planning method using volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for primary liver cancer (PLC) radiotherapy based on predicting the feasibility dose-volume histogram (DVH) and evaluate its performance.Methods:Ten patients with PLC were randomly chosen in this retrospective study. Pinnacle Auto-Planning was used to design the VMAT automatic plan, and the feasibility DVH curve was obtained through the PlanIQ dose prediction, and the initial optimization objectives of the automatic plan were set according to the displayed feasible objectives interval. The plans were accessed according to dosimetric parameters of the planning target volume and organs at risk as well as the monitor units. All patients′ automatic plans were compared with clinically accepted manual plans by using the paired t-test. Results:There was no significant difference of the planning target volume D 2%, D 98%, D mean or homogeneity index between the automatic and manual plans ((58.55±2.81) Gy vs.(57.98±4.17) Gy, (47.15±1.58) Gy vs.(47.82±1.38) Gy, (53.14±0.95) Gy vs.(53.44±1.67) Gy and 1.15±0.05 vs. 1.14±0.07, all P>0.05). The planning target volume conformity index of the manual plan was slightly higher than that of the automatic plan (0.77±0.08 vs. 0.69±0.06, P<0.05). The mean doses of normal liver, V 30Gy, V 20Gy, V 10Gy, V 5Gy and V< 5Gy of the automatic plan were significantly better than those of the manual plan ((26.68±11.13)% vs.(28.00±10.95)%, (29.96±11.50)% vs.(31.89±11.51)%, (34.88±11.51)% vs.(38.66±11.67)%, (45.38±12.40)% vs.(50.74±13.56)%, and (628.52±191.80) cm 3vs.(563.15±188.39) cm 3, all P<0.05). The mean doses of the small intestine, the duodenum, and the heart, as well as lung V 10 of the automatic plan were significantly less than those of the manual plan ((1.83±2.17) Gy vs.(2.37±2.81) Gy, (9.15±9.36) Gy vs.(11.18±10.49) Gy, and (5.44±3.10) Gy vs.(6.25±3.26) Gy, as well as (12.70±7.08)% vs.(14.47±8.11)%, all P<0.05). Monitor units did not significantly differ between two plans ((710.67±163.72) MU vs.(707.53±155.89) MU, P>0.05). Conclusions:The automatic planning method using VMAT for PLC radiotherapy based on predicting the feasibility DVH enhances the quality for PLC plans, especially in terms of normal liver sparing. Besides, it also has advantages for the protection of the intestine, whole lung and heart.

AIM: To explore the role of phosphatidylinositiol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (PI3K/Akt/eNOS) signaling pathways in the inhibitory effects of puerarin on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced tissue factor (TF) expression in vascular endothelial cells.METHODS: The mRNA expression of TF was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The protein levels of TF and Akt was determined by Western blot.The content of the nitric oxide (NO) was measured by nitrate reduction method.RESULTS: Compared with control group, incubating endothelial cells with ox-LDL significantly induced TF expression at mRNA and protein levels and the dephosphorylation of Akt protein, and decreased NO production.Incubation of the endothelial cells with puerarin for 1 h and then treatment of the cells with ox-LDL decreased the TF expression at mRNA and protein levels, increased Akt protein phosphorylation and intracellular NO content.Co-incubation of the endothelial cells with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and puerarin for 1 h and then treatment of the cells with ox-LDL augmented the TF expression at mRNA and protein levels and the Akt protein dephosphorylation, and decreased NO production.Co-incubation of the endothelial cells with eNOS inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and puerarin significantly decreased the inhibitory effect of puerarin on ox-LDL-induced TF expression at mRNA and protein levels in the endothelial cells, and reduced Akt protein phosphorylation and NO production.CONCLUSION: Puerarin inhibits ox-LDL-induced TF expression at mRNA and protein levels in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells via activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the supply of emergency drugs. METHODS:The data of emergency drugs in the inpatients of our hospital were collected from hospital information system during 2012-2016,including the proportion and age of emergency patients,drug,clinical departments and disease types. The trend of emergency drugs was analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 software. RESULTS:The proportion of emergency patients and discharged patients were increasing year by year. The number of patients in <10 year-old and 10-19 year-old showed a declining trend year by year. The number of patients in 30-39 year-old,50-59 year-old and >60 year-old showed an increasing trend year by year. Among emergency drugs,the use frequency of Heparin sodium injection,Dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection and Flumethasone injection showed a declining trend year by year;the use fre-quency of Hemagglutination for injection,Penehyclidine ether injection,Atracurium besylate injection and Propofol injection showed an increasing trend year by year. Among clinical department,the number of pediatric patients showed a declining trend year by year;the number of patients in obstetrics department,emergency department,cardiology department,micro hand surgery department and pediatric surgery department showed an increasing trend year by year. Among emergency disease types,the number of patients with re-spiratory system disease,infectious and parasitic diseases showed a declining trend year by year;the number of patients with circula-tion system disease,injury and poisoning,certain other consequences of external factors,digestive system diseases,pregnancy,child-birth and puerperium disease as well as some cases originated in the perinatal period showed an increasing trend year by year. CON-CLUSIONS:With the change of the proportion,age and disease type of emergency patients,the type and utilization rate of emergen-cy drugs have changed. It is necessary to adopt effective measures to guarantee the supply of emergency drugs.

Objective To explore the relation between vitamin D deficiency and susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis. Methods A total of 163 hospitalized patients with untreated spinal tuberculosis in Tianjin Haihe hospital were enrolled in this study from June 2013 to May 2016. A total of 170 individuals participated in health examination program at the same period were enrolled as the control group. The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The 25(OH)D grading included serious deficiency group (<25 nmol/L), deficiency group (≥25 nmol/L and <50 nmol/L), insufficiency group (≥50 nmol/L and <75 nmol/L) and sufficiency group (≥75 nmol/L). Histopathological classification was confirmed by intraoperative findings. Results The serum level of 25(OH)D was significantly lower in patient group [23.99(20.55,29.54)nmol/L] than that of control group [42.94(35.68,51.04) nmol/L] (P<0.01), and which was also significantly lower in four seasons than that of controls (P<0.05). The serum levels of 25(OH)D were significantly higher in summer group than those of winter group in both patient and control groups (P<0.008 3). The proportion of patients with serious deficiency of 25(OH)D was significantly higher in spring and winter groups in patient group, which was significantly lower in summer group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in patients with serious deficiency of 25(OH)D between four seasons (P<0.01). For control group, there was a higher proportion of cases with deficiency of 25(OH)D in four seasons, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of seasons (P>0.05). In patient group, there were 107 cases of caseous necrosis type, 56 cases of hyperplasia type, and the proportion of caseous necrosis type was significantly higher in the severe deficiency group (79.17%, 76/96) than that of deficiency group (46.27%, 31/67, P<0.01). Conclusion Excluding the effect of season, vitamin D deficiency is associated with susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis and histopathologic classification.