Objective To investigate the expansion margins of the planning target volume (PTV) and the planning organ at risk volume (PRV) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients immobilized with Styrofoam and head-neck-shoulder mask. Methods A convenient sample of 33 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received radiotherapy at Huanggang Central Hospital from January to October 2024 were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent cone beam CT scans during the first three treatments and weekly thereafter. After registration and calibration, the setup errors in the X (LAT), Y (LNG), and Z (VRT) directions were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed on the setup errors in each direction to determine differences, and the expansion margins for PTV and PRV were calculated using empirical formulas. Results A total of 229 cone beam CT images were collected. Statistical analysis found that the setup errors (systematic error ± random error) of the patients in the X, Y, and Z directions were 1.05 ± 0.72, 1.30 ± 0.80, and 1.29 ± 0.82 mm, respectively. The expansion margins for PTV in the left-right, superior-inferior, and anterior-posterior directions were 1.40, 1.76, and 1.8 mm, respectively. The expansion margins for PRV in these directions were 0.83, 1.02, and 1.05 mm, respectively. Conclusion For patients immobilized using Styrofoam and head-neck-shoulder mask, it is recommended that the expansion margins for PTV and PRV be set at 2 mm and 1 mm, respectively, in the left-right, superior-inferior, and anterior-posterior directions, and the PRV margin for the spinal cord be set at 3 mm in all directions.

Objective Explore changes in polysaccharides in Jiangxiangru before and after ginger juice preparation,and evaluate polysaccharide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities before and after processing.Methods The contents of Jiangxiangru polysaccharide(JXRPs)and Ginger juice processed of Jiangxiangru polysaccharide(JZJXRPs)before and after processing were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method.We used the swelling model in rats and endotoxin(LPS)to establish the RAW264.7 mouse macrophage inflammation model.The optimal administration concentration was determined using a cell proliferation(MTT)assay.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to measure Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-12(IL-12),Nitric oxide(NO),Interleukin-4(IL-4),and Interleukin-10(IL-10).Bleeding time of mice by tail cutting was observed to evaluate the hemostatic effect.The ability to remove 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical(DPPH)and 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)(ABTS)was used to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity.Results The contents of JXRPs and JZJXRPs were 13％and 22％,respectively.In swollen rats at 4 h after injection,compared with the model group,200 mg/kg JXRPs and 100 mg/kg JZJXRPs significantly reduced rat swelling(P＜0.05).In vitro anti-inflammation assessment showed that the polysaccharides before and after processing significantly inhibited secretion of IL-6,IL-12,and NO(P＜0.01)and promoted secretion of IL-4 and IL-10(P＜0.01),and also that processing post-effects were stronger.The hemostatic experiment show that,compared with the control group,JXRPs increased hemostasis,but without a significant difference,and no significant difference was found using JZJXRPs,although high doses showed a trend to increase hemostasis.In vitro antioxidant activity showed that JXRPs and JZJXRPs had different scavenging abilities for DPPH and ABTS with IC50 values of JXRPs of 0.2215 and 0.2110 mg/ml,respectively,and IC50 values of JZJXRPs of 0.1651 and 0.1884 mg/mL,respectively.Conclusions After Jiangxiangru is produced in ginger juice,it promotes dissolution of polysaccharides and increases polysaccharide content.Anti-inflammatory,hemostasis,and antioxidant capacities are stronger in JZJXRPS than JXRPS,which lays the foundation for follow-up research and clinical applications of JXRPS.

Humans ; Histamine ; Receptors, Histamine H2 ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy*

Objective To investigate the effects of MCSO on physiological behavior and antioxidant index in D.melanogaster.Methods One-day-old wild type D.melanogaster was divided into control group,0.25％,0.5％,1％,2％and 4％dose groups,as well as male and female groups.The control group was exposed to the base medium,and each dose group was exposed to the MCSO medium added with 0.25％,0.5％,1％,2％and 4％concentrations,respectively.The optimal dosage concentration and time of administration were investigated by climbing experiment.Then the flies were divided into control group,model group and MCSO group.The model group was established by depriving the flies of sleep through repeated nocturnal light stimulation.Period of drug treatment,appetite test,negative geotaxis ability test,stress test,olfactory memory test,and sleep-wake rhythm detection were used to explore the effects of MCSO on their physiological behavior.The activities of super oxidase dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results MCSO enhanced the locomotory ability of 30-day-old D.melanogaster(P＜0.01),increased the activity of SOD and CAT(P＜0.01),and decreased the concentration of MDA(P＜0.01).Improve olfactory memory of senile fruit flies.After sleep deprivation,the night sleep time of female Drosophila model group was reduced(P＜0.05),and that of male Drosophila model group was reduced(P＜0.01).After feeding MCSO,the night sleep time of female drosophila model group was extended(P＜0.05),and that of male drosophila model group was extended(P＜0.01).Conclusions MCSO had a certain antioxidant effect,prolonging the sleep time and improving the olfactory memory of sleep-deprived Drosophila.

BackgroundAt least 77.0% of breast cancer patients will experience cancer-related fatigue. Hope level and resilience play as two important factors that have influence on cancer-related fatigue. Currently， most studies involve one single factor， either the level of hope or resilience， and explore its relationship with the cancer-related fatigue. Only limited studies explore the action mechanism behind with all three factors put together. ObjectiveTo investigate the mediating role of resilience between hope and cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer， and to provide references for finding intervention targets for cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients. MethodsFrom March to October 2022， this study was conducted on the sample size of 324 hospitalized patients from three Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province. These patients were over 18 years old and pathologically diagnosed as breast cancer. Hope level， resilience and cancer-related fatigue were assessed， respectively， using Adult Dispositional Hope Scale （ADHS）， Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC-10） and Cancer Fatigue Scale （CFS）. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ADHS score， CD-RISC-10 score and CFS score. AMOS 22.0 was used to analyze the mediating effect of resilience between hope level and cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients. ResultsThe detection rate of cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer was 88.58%. Scores of ADHS and CD-RISC-10 were negatively correlated with CFS score （r=-0.750， -0.809， P<0.01）. ADHS score was positively correlated with CD-RISC-10 score （r=0.901， P<0.01）. Resilience had a mediating effect between the hope level and cancer-related fatigue. The mediating effect value was -0.676（95% CI： -1.005~-0.347）， accounting for 81.90% of the total effect. ConclusionThe hope level of breast cancer patients can affect cancer-related fatigue directly as well as indirectly through resilience. Resilience plays a partial mediating role between hope level and cancer-related fatigue .

Objective:To study the difference of facilitative glucose transporter 8 (GLUT8) expression in sperms among asthenozoospermia (AS) patients, teratozoospermia (TM) patients and normal reproductive men, thus to investigate the correlation between the expression of GLUT8 and sperm motility.Methods:The sperm motility parameters of each group were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis system (CASA). A case-control study method was used to collect semen from patients with AS, TM and normal reproductive men who underwent routine semen examination in the Andrology Laboratory, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2019 to December 2020. The semen of AS patients (41 samples), normal viable spermatozoa (NV) patients (41 samples), TM patients (40 samples) and normal morphology spermatozoa (NM) patients (40 samples) were collected and selected into AS group, NV group, TM group and NM group according to the criteria of enrollment. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of GLUT8 protein in NV group, AS group, NM group and TM group, with 7 cases in each group. The differences of sperm parameters and GLUT8 protein between NV group and AS group, NM group and TM group were compared.Results:Sperm parameters of NV group and AS group were significantly different in progressive rate (62.64%±37.14%, 14.41%±11.89%, P<0.001), motility rate (55.62%±12.31%, 24.40%±12.75%, P<0.001), curvilinear velocity [(87.22±12.35) μm/s, (71.75±18.35) μm/s, P<0.001], the straight line velocity [(40.22±6.71) μm/s, (33.31±10.11) μm/s, P<0.001], average path velocity [(47.66±6.49) μm/s, (39.42±10.25) μm/s, P<0.001], and amplitude of lateral head displacement [(2.88±0.49) μm, (2.35±0.66) μm, P<0.001], and there were no significant differences in sperm parameters between NM group and TM group (all P>0.05). The relative expression of GLUT8 protein in AS group (0.26±0.17) was significantly lower than that in NV group (2.00±0.38, P=0.002), but there was no significant difference in GLUT8 protein expression in NM group and TM group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:GLUT8 protein expression in sperm decreased in AS, but there was no significant correlation between GLUT8 protein expression and sperm morphology.

Objective:To study the difference of facilitative glucose transporter 8 (GLUT8) expression in sperms among asthenozoospermia (AS) patients, teratozoospermia (TM) patients and normal reproductive men, thus to investigate the correlation between the expression of GLUT8 and sperm motility.Methods:The sperm motility parameters of each group were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis system (CASA). A case-control study method was used to collect semen from patients with AS, TM and normal reproductive men who underwent routine semen examination in the Andrology Laboratory, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2019 to December 2020. The semen of AS patients (41 samples), normal viable spermatozoa (NV) patients (41 samples), TM patients (40 samples) and normal morphology spermatozoa (NM) patients (40 samples) were collected and selected into AS group, NV group, TM group and NM group according to the criteria of enrollment. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of GLUT8 protein in NV group, AS group, NM group and TM group, with 7 cases in each group. The differences of sperm parameters and GLUT8 protein between NV group and AS group, NM group and TM group were compared.Results:Sperm parameters of NV group and AS group were significantly different in progressive rate (62.64%±37.14%, 14.41%±11.89%, P<0.001), motility rate (55.62%±12.31%, 24.40%±12.75%, P<0.001), curvilinear velocity [(87.22±12.35) μm/s, (71.75±18.35) μm/s, P<0.001], the straight line velocity [(40.22±6.71) μm/s, (33.31±10.11) μm/s, P<0.001], average path velocity [(47.66±6.49) μm/s, (39.42±10.25) μm/s, P<0.001], and amplitude of lateral head displacement [(2.88±0.49) μm, (2.35±0.66) μm, P<0.001], and there were no significant differences in sperm parameters between NM group and TM group (all P>0.05). The relative expression of GLUT8 protein in AS group (0.26±0.17) was significantly lower than that in NV group (2.00±0.38, P=0.002), but there was no significant difference in GLUT8 protein expression in NM group and TM group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:GLUT8 protein expression in sperm decreased in AS, but there was no significant correlation between GLUT8 protein expression and sperm morphology.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of posterior short-segment internal fixation for the treatment of brucella spondylitis (BS).Methods:The medical records of 34 patients with BS admitted from January 2014 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 22 males and 12 females; the age was 52.3±10.6 years (range 35-72 years). On the basis of standardized use of antibacterial drugs, the lumbar spine posterior short-segment internal fixation was used. Twenty-nine cases underwent simple internal fixation, and posterolateral bone graft fusion, while 5 cases underwent primary debridement, autologous bone grafting and interbody fusion. Monitor erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and test tube agglutination test (SAT) were used to assess inflammation control. Imaging examinations of patients before operation, 1 month after operation, 3 months after operation, 6 months after operation, 1 year after operation to the last follow-up were analyzed to evaluate the condition of intervertebral fusion. The clinical efficacy evaluation was based on the pain visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, modified MacNab grading, and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading, as well as surgery-related complications.Results:The operation time of 34 patients was 104.64±16.72 min (range 65-145 min), the average hospital stay was 16.49±7.41 days (range 7-38 d), and the average postoperative follow-up time was 20.2 months (range 12-34 months). At the last follow-up, the ESR and CRP fell to the normal range, and the SAT was negative. At 3 months postoperatively, 11 cases (32.35%) reached Bridwell fusion criteria of grade II, 23 cases (67.65%) of grade III; 3 cases (8.82%) of grade I fusion at 6 months after surgery, 31 cases reached grade II fusion (91.18%); all reached grade I fusion at the last follow-up. After the operation, the symptoms of the waist or lower extremities were significantly relieved. The VAS score was 6.3±1.4 before the operation, 4.1±1.2 at 1 month after the operation, 2.7±1.4 at 3 months after the operation, 1.6±1.0 at 6 months after the operation, and 1.2±0.8 at the last follow-up. The JOA score before surgery was 13.8±2.4, 1 month after surgery 17.6±2.6, 3 months after surgery 21.7±3.1, 6 months after operation 4.9±2.7, and at the last follow-up 25.7±1.8. Compared with the preoperative time nodes of the above indicators, the differences were statistically significant. At the last follow-up, of the 12 patients (2 cases of grade C, 10 cases of grade D) with preoperative neurological dysfunction, 2 cases recovered from grade C to grade D, and 10 cases recovered from grade D to E; the excellent and good rate of modified MacNab grading reached 97.06% (33/34). No extradural hematoma, nerve damage, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and other surgical complications occurred. Only 1 case had wound infection complication, and the prognosis was good after active treatment. There were no recurrences during the follow-up period.Conclusion:On the basis of standardized antimicrobial treatment, posterior lumbar short-segment internal fixation is a safe and effective method for the treatment of BS, and good clinical effects can be obtained.

Low back pain is becoming an important factor that affects people's quality of life today, and the social losses caused by lowback pain are hugeevery year. Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the main diseases that cause low back pain. The mechanism of lumbar disc herniation in the biomedical science is still controversial. Inflammatory factor is a cytokine secreted by tissue cells and involved in mediating the inflammatory response. Studies have shown that some factors stimulated by the extrusive nucleus pulposus, like inflammatory factors, degeneration-related genes and downstream expression products, can cause the degeneration of intervertebral disc. IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, MMPs, and TGF-β have become the hot topicin disc degeneration. Signaling pathway is the main pathway for inflammatory factors to participate in the regulation of various biochemical reactions in cells. The inflammatory factors interact with different proteins to activate or inhibit different pathways, thereby achieving regulation of the cell cycle, regulates gene expression, induces immune inflammatory response, and apoptosis. Research on the role of various inflammatory factors in the body and related molecular signaling pathways will help us understand the mechanism of LDH. Most of the experimental studies only focus on the influence of a certain cytokine or single pathway on intervertebral disc degeneration, but different inflammatory factors and their signaling pathways often crosstalk with each other through special channels, forming a complex and precise signal transduction regulation network jointly regulates various physiological or pathological processes in the body, and the occurrence of disease is often accompanied by multiple factors. Studying the effect of a single signal network on the disease cannot fully explain the cause of the disease and related clinical manifestations. Therefore, clarifying the role of various inflammatory factors in IDD and exploring and analyzing the ways in which each factor regulates each other will provide ideas for understanding the mechanism of lumbar degeneration and exploring new methods for preventing and treating LDH in the future.

Objective:Resorption can occur after lumbar disc herniation, and Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is considered to be a key factor mediating reabsorption. Studies have found that under the action of inflammatory factors like TNF-α, IL-6, etc,the expression of TSLP in intervertebral disc tissue was increased, and then mononuclear macrophage chemokine-1 (MCP-1) was induced to induce infiltration of macrophage to promote reabsorption. To determine the mechanism, we design the experiment to explore the mechanism of IL-6-mediated JAK/STAT pathway and TGF-β/Smad pathway to promote the reabsorption of intervertebral disc by regulating the expression of TSLP.Methods:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and rat nucleus pulposus cells (NPC) were cultured in vitro, treating the cells withrat IL-6 recombinant protein, STAT3inhibitor and Smad2/3 inhibitorrespectively, and use real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) technology to detect the expression of JAK1, STAT3, Smad2, TSLP mRNA under different conditions; Western blot to detect the expression of TSLP, Smad2 and phosphate STAT3 protein; using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) to detect the expression of TGF-β in two rat cells under the treatment of IL-6.Results:After stimulation ofIL-6 (10 ng/ml or 100 ng/ml) the expression of JAK1in MSC (10 ng/ml: 5.13±1.21; 100 ng/ml: 5.23±0.35; control group: 0.97±0.03), STAT3 (10 ng/ml: 6.50±0.38; 100 ng/ml: 6.74±0.61; control group: 0.87±0.19) was significantly increased, and TSLP also showed high expression in MSC (10 ng/ml: 4.26±0.38; 100 ng/ml: 5.05±0.46; control group: 1.04±0.04).The expression of STAT3 (10 ng/ml: 2.91±0.08; control group: 1.12±0.11), TSLP (10 ng/ml: 7.32±0.37; control group: 1.03±0.03) in NPC also increased. After stimulation of IL-6, the expression of Smad2 increasing in MSC was observed (10 ng/ml: 15.92±0.62; 100 ng/ml: 20.28±0.58; control group: 0.96±0.08), and increased expression of Smad2 in NPC (10 ng/ml: 5.01±0.17; control group: 0.96±0.03). The expression of TSLP in MSC decreased after adding STAT3 inhibitor (BP group, BP group: 0.17±0.01; control group: 0.90±0.09), the expression of TSLP also decreased in NPC (BP group: 0.42±0.11; control group: 0.90±0.11). After adding Smad2/3 inhibitor (SB group), the expression of TSLP in MSC decreased (SB group: 0.33±0.01; control group: 1.02±0.02), and the expression of TSLP in NPC also decreased (SB group: 0.40±0.04; control group: 0.99±0.01).Conclusion:IL-6 up-regulates TSLP expression via the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway and promotes prominent intervertebral disc reabsorption. At the same time, IL-6 can activate the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway and up-regulate the expression of TSLP, which play a synergistic role in the reabsorption process.