OBJECTIVE To provide practical basis and policy recommendations for improving the pharmacovigilance （PV） system construction in medical institutions across China. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted using a mixed sampling strategy of “online random sampling+offline supplementary sampling” to distribute questionnaires among pharmaceutical professionals in tertiary medical institutions nationwide. The questionnaire covered aspects such as the construction of PV systems， job position settings， information system support， operational practices， and multi-stakeholder collaboration. The data were analyzed using descriptive methods and SPSS 20.0 statistical software. RESULTS A total of 70 valid questionnaires were collected from 66 medical institutions， primarily Class A tertiary hospitals. The survey found that 90.00% had designated PV personnel and 74.29% routinely conducted PV activities. However， there were notable disparities in resource allocation and information system capacity， with less than 50% of the institutions conducting post-marketing drug re-evaluation. PV activities were primarily focused on the collection and reporting of adverse drug reactions， with limited capabilities in signal detection and risk assessment. CONCLUSIONS Among the surveyed tertiary hospitals， PV systems have begun to take shape. However， challenges persist in terms of system establishment， resource allocation， risk assessment， and inter-organizational coordination. Policy efforts should focus on strengthening regulatory frameworks， improving information sharing mechanisms， enhancing professional training， and strengthening collaboration between hospitals and market authorization holders to ensure the effective implementation of PV in medical institutions.

Objective:To analyze the concentration of formic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in gingival crevicular fluid(GCF)of patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ periodontitis,and their relationship with periodontitis.Methods:The study enrolled 37 systemically healthy patients with periodontitis and 19 healthy controls who visited Department of Periodontology,Peking University School and Hospital of Sto-matology from February 2008 to May 2011.Their GCFs were collected from the mesial-buccal site of one molar or incisor in each quadrant.Periodontal clinical parameters,including plaque index(PLI),probing depth(PD),bleeding index(BI),and attachment loss(AL).Concentrations of formic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in the supernatant of the GCFs were analyzed by high-performance capil-lary electrophoresis(HPCE).The prediction ability of formic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid with the risk of periodontitis and the differences between grade B and grade C periodontitis were analyzed.Results:In this study,32 patients with stage Ⅲ and 5 patients with stage Ⅳ were enrolled,including 9 patients with grade B and 28 patients with grade C.Clinical periodontal variables in the patients with pe-riodontitis were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.001).Formic acid was signifi-cantly lower in periodontitis than that in the control group[5.37(3.39,8.49)mmol/L vs.12.29(8.35,16.57)mmol/L,P＜0.001].Propionic acid and butyric acid in periodontitis were significantly higher than those in the control group:Propionic acid,10.23(4.28,14.90)mmol/L vs.2.71(0.00,4.25)mmol/L,P＜0.001;butyric acid,2.63(0.47,3.81)mmol/L vs.0.00(0.00,0.24)mmol/L,P＜0.001.There was no significant difference in formic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations between grade B and grade C periodontitis(P＞0.05).Propionic acid and butyric acid in the deep pocket were significantly higher than in the shallow pocket,while the concentration of formic acid decreased with the increase of PD.Propionic acid(OR=1.51,95％CI:1.29-1.75)and butyric acid(OR=3.72,95％CI:1.93-7.17)were risk factors for periodontitis,while formic acid(OR=0.87,95％CI:0.81-0.93)might be a protective factor for periodontitis.Propionic acid(AUC=0.852,95％CI:0.805-0.900),butyric acid(AUC=0.889,95％CI:0.841-0.937),f(formic acid,AUC=0.844,95％CI:0.793-0.895)demonstrated a good predictive capacity for the risk of periodontitis.Conclusion:The concentration of formic acid decrease in the GCF of periodontitis patients,which is a protective factor for periodontitis,its reciprocal have good predictive capacity.However,propionic acid and butyric acid increase,which are risk factors for periodontitis and have good predictive capacity.The concentration of formic acid,propionic acid,and butyric acid vary with probing depth,but there is no significant difference between grade B and grade C periodontitis.

【Objective】 To investigate the association between genetic variations in the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) gene and BP responses to sodium and potassium intake. 【Methods】 A total of 514 subjects from 124 families were recruited in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province, in 2004, resulting in the establishment of a "salt-sensitive hypertension study cohort" . The subjects followed a dietary regimen which involved a normal diet for 3 days, a low-salt diet for 7 days, a high-salt diet for 7 days, and a high-salt potassium-supplemented diet for 7 days. BP measurement was conducted at different intervention periods, and peripheral blood samples were collected. Additionally, eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GLP-1R gene were genotyped using the MassARRAY detection platform. 【Results】 The GLP-1R gene SNP rs9462472 exhibited a significant association with systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean arterial pressure response to high-salt intervention. Similarly, SNP rs2268637 showed a significant association with systolic BP response to high-salt intervention. Furthermore, SNP rs2268637 was significantly associated with systolic BP and mean arterial pressure responses to high-salt plus potassium supplementation intervention. 【Conclusion】 Our findings indicate a significant association of genetic variations in the GLP-1R gene with BP responses to sodium and potassium intake. This suggests that the GLP-1R gene plays a role in the regulation of BP salt sensitivity and potassium sensitivity.

Objective: To construct a nonsuicidal selfinjury (NSSI) risk prediction model for middle school students using different machine learning algorithms and evaluate the models effectiveness, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and control of NSSI in campus. Methods: In March 2023, a total of 3 372 middle and high school students from schools in Nanchang, Fuzhou and Shangrao cities in Jiangxi Province were selected by combining stratified random cluster sampling and convenient sampling methods. Questionnaire surveys were conducted using various instruments including general information questionnaire, Selfesteem Scale, Ottawa Selfinjury Scale, Social Support Assessment Scale, Chinese Version of the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire, Event Attribution Style Scale, Adolescent Resilience Scale, and Adolescent Life Events Scale. Data were divided into training set (n=2 361) and test set (n=1 011) at a ratio of 7∶3, and variables were selected based on univariate and LASSO regression results. Four machine learning algorithms including namely random forest, support vector machine, Logistic regression and XGBoost, were used to construct NSSI risk prediction models, and the models performance was evaluated and compared using metrics including area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and F1 score. Results: The detection rate of NSSI among middle school students was 34.4%. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in NSSI detection rates among middle school students of different grades, genders, registered residence locations, whether they were class cadres and four types of bullying (physical, verbal, relational bullying and cyberbullying) (χ2=27.17, 15.81, 11.54, 4.63；68.22, 140.63, 77.81, 13.95, P<0.05). NSSI was included as the dependent variable in the LASSO regression model for variable screening, and the results regression identified 10 predictive variables including grade level, selfesteem, subjective support, support utilization, verbal bullying, emotional control, interpersonal relationships, punishment, loss of relatives and property, and health and adaptation issues. The AUC values of random forest, support vector machine, Logistic regression, and XGBoost algorithms were 0.76, 0.76, 0.76 and 0.77, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between pairwise comparisons (Z=-0.59-0.82, P>0.05). Sensitivity values were 0.62, 0.61, 0.62 and 0.61, respectively. Specificity values were 0.74, 0.78, 0.78 and 0.78, respectively. Positive predictive values were 0.56, 0.59, 0.60 and 0.59, respectively. Negative predictive values were 0.79, 0.79, 0.80 and 0.79, respectively. F1 scores were 0.59, 0.60, 0.61 and 0.60, respectively. Conclusions All four nonsuicidal selfinjury risk prediction models perform well, with the Logistic regression model slightly outperforming the others. Schools and parents should pay attention to the predictive factors corresponding to NSSI, so as to reduce the occurrence of NSSI among middle school students.

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen in the past 20 years,and to provide reference for related research.Methods Literatures on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen were searched from January 1,2000 to December 31,2022 in CNKI,Web of Science Core Collection Database.VOS viewer software was used to visually analyze the citation frequency,research institutions and keyword hotspots of English literatures.CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze research institutions,authors,emergence keywords and keyword overlap time of Chinese literatures,and Microsoft Excel 2021 software was used to analyze of annual publication trends and publication volume of Chinese and English literatures,and download frequency of Chinese literatures.Results A total of 4 872 Chinese and 128 English literatures were included,with an overall upward trend in the number of annual publications.The research institutions with the highest number of publications in Chinese and English were Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tianjin University of Commerce,and the authors with the highest number of publications were DU Chenhui and XIE Junbo,respectively.The most frequent keywords in Chinese literatures were"Ziziphi Spinosae Semen","composed"and"application of compound therapy",and in English literatures were"performance","oxidative stress".Conclusion From 2000 to 2022,the research hotspots of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen mainly focused on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects and clinical application analysis,compatibility research,formulation and preparation.Quality control and evaluation of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,and the research on the mechanism of preventing and treating insomnia with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen may become future research directions.

A novel technology is proposed for non-contact and real-time detection of atrial fibrillation using millimeter-wave radar.A 60 GHz PCR millimeter wave radar is used to continuously detect the chest echo signal of the subject.After signal acquisition,I-Q signal is generated through I-Q demodulation,and the signal phase information is extracted using effective points phase trend evaluation for obtaining the signals from oscillations in the chest wall,from which the respiratory signals and cardiac signals are extracted through digital filtering for the analysis of cardiac movement.Whether the atrial fibrillation occurs or not is determined by the characteristics of atrial fibrillation wave in the time domain.The effective points phase trend evaluation for extracting more accurate signal phase information and the time-domain method for real-time atrial fibrillation detection are the innovations of the study.The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a detection accuracy of 99.2%in clinic.

Objective:To investigate the endorectal ultrasound findings in rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (R-NEN) and to compare the diagnostic performance of ERUS and MRI for T staging of R-NENs.Methods:The imaging features of 77 confirmed R-NEN cases with different pathological grades in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from August 2015 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and the abilities of ERUS and MRI for T staging of R-NENs were compared.Results:A total of 77 R-NEN patients underwent preoperative ERUS examinations and detected lesions in 62 patients with a detection rate of 80.52%. Among them, 30 cases underwent simultaneous MRI examinations, and detected lesions in 25 cases with a detection rate of 83.33%, without statistical difference between MRI and ERUS ( P>0.05). R-NEN exhibited hypoechoic nodules with rich blood flow in the submucosa on ERUS. Grade G1 and G2 tumors generally had sizes less than 10 mm, clear boundaries, and regular shapes, while G3 was typically large, irregular, poorly defined, and more likely to invade the musculi propria and serous layer. G3 demonstrated a more profound infiltration level, a less defined border, and a larger diameter than G1 and G2, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). For T staging, the accuracy of ERUS was 86.67%, and that of MRI was 94.67%, with no statistical difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:ERUS is effective for detecting R-NEN lesions and useful for tumor grading with comparable performance to MRI, and should be recommended for preoperative evaluation of neuroendocrine tumors.

Objective To analyze the current state,research hotspots,and development trends of electroencephalography(EEG)applied in the field of autism spectrum disorder(ASD). Methods Relevant literature from the Web of Science core collection database from January,2014 to January,2024 were retrieved and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.2.R4. Results A total of 1 509 articles were included,with an increasing trend in publication volume over the years.The United States ranked highest in both publication volume and node centrality.The primary journals in this field were concentrated in clinical medicine,immunology and psychology.Keyword co-occurrence and clustering indicated that research primarily focused on the correlation between core symptoms of ASD and EEG indicators,differential diagnosis of ASD and its comorbidities,brain functional connectivity,and assessment of rehabilitation efficacy.Keywords bursted in the past three years mainly included artificial intelligence and machine learning. Conclusion The researches in EEG technology in the field of ASD is generally increasing.Future researches may focus on exploring the brain network mechanisms of ASD using EEG combined with multimodal neuroimaging,and machine learning technologies.

Objective To investigate the expression level of basic leucine zipper and W2 domain-containing protein 1(BZW1)in gastric cancer,its impact on patient prognosis and the underlying mechanisms.Methods TIMER,UALCAN and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases were used for analyzing BZW1 expression level gastric cancer tissues and its correlation with tumor grade and stage and the patients'prognosis.We further analyzed BZW1 expressions,disease progression,and postoperative 5-year survival in 102 patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer at our hospital between January,2014 and December,2016.Gastric cancer MGC803 cells were examined for changes in migration,invasion,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)following lentivirus-mediated BZW1 overexpression or knockdown.Results The protein and mRNA expressions of BZW1 in gastric cancer tissues were 3.30 and 6.54 times of those in adjacent tissues,respectively(P<0.01).BZW1 expression in gastric cancer tissues were positively correlated with peripheral blood CEA and CA199 levels(P<0.01).A high BZW1 expression was an independent risk factor for 5-year survival of gastric cancer patients after radical surgery(P<0.05,HR=2.070,95%CI:1.021-4.196).At the cut-off value of 3.61,BZW1 expression had a sensitivity of 75.56%and a specificity of 71.93%for predicting postoperative 5-year mortality(P<0.01).In MGC803 cells,BZW1 overexpression obviously promoted cell migration and invasion(P<0.05),enhanced cellular expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin(P<0.05)and inhibited the expression of E-cadherin(P<0.05).Enrichment analysis suggested the involvement of BZW1 in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Western blotting confirmed that BZW1 overexpression promoted while BZW1 knockdown inhibited the expressions of Wnt3a,β-catenin and C-myc in MGC803 cells(P<0.05).Conclusion BZW1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues to affect the patient prognosis possibly by activation the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote EMT of gastric cancer cells.

Objective To investigate the expression level of basic leucine zipper and W2 domain-containing protein 1(BZW1)in gastric cancer,its impact on patient prognosis and the underlying mechanisms.Methods TIMER,UALCAN and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases were used for analyzing BZW1 expression level gastric cancer tissues and its correlation with tumor grade and stage and the patients'prognosis.We further analyzed BZW1 expressions,disease progression,and postoperative 5-year survival in 102 patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer at our hospital between January,2014 and December,2016.Gastric cancer MGC803 cells were examined for changes in migration,invasion,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)following lentivirus-mediated BZW1 overexpression or knockdown.Results The protein and mRNA expressions of BZW1 in gastric cancer tissues were 3.30 and 6.54 times of those in adjacent tissues,respectively(P<0.01).BZW1 expression in gastric cancer tissues were positively correlated with peripheral blood CEA and CA199 levels(P<0.01).A high BZW1 expression was an independent risk factor for 5-year survival of gastric cancer patients after radical surgery(P<0.05,HR=2.070,95%CI:1.021-4.196).At the cut-off value of 3.61,BZW1 expression had a sensitivity of 75.56%and a specificity of 71.93%for predicting postoperative 5-year mortality(P<0.01).In MGC803 cells,BZW1 overexpression obviously promoted cell migration and invasion(P<0.05),enhanced cellular expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin(P<0.05)and inhibited the expression of E-cadherin(P<0.05).Enrichment analysis suggested the involvement of BZW1 in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Western blotting confirmed that BZW1 overexpression promoted while BZW1 knockdown inhibited the expressions of Wnt3a,β-catenin and C-myc in MGC803 cells(P<0.05).Conclusion BZW1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues to affect the patient prognosis possibly by activation the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote EMT of gastric cancer cells.