Objective To investigate the attention characteristics of patients with stable schizophrenia.Methods Fifty-five stable schizophrenic patients and 55 healthy subjects were included in the study.The attention network test paradigm(ANT paradigm)was used to measure the attention of participants.The observed indexes included reaction time under four cues and three stimulus types and converted reaction time(alerting network,orienting network,and executive control network).Results Under different cue prompts and stimulus conditions,the reaction time of patients with stable-phase schizophrenia was higher than that of the control group(P<0.001).The alerting network[25.43(11.71,42.53)ms vs.39.32(27.46,51.98)ms,P=0.020]and executive control network[96.17(36.32,160.13)ms vs.44.43(18.52,89.73)ms,P<0.001]in the patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while there was no significant difference in the orienting network compared to the control group(P=0.136).Conclusion Patients with stable schizophrenia show significant impairment in the efficiency of the alerting and executive control networks,while the orienting network is not significantly impaired.

Objective To explore the safety and effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in patients with ischemic heart failure (IHF). Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was designed (ClinicalTrial.gov registration number NCT03491969). From January 2019 to January 2023, 300 patients with IHF were enrolled in four medical centers in China, and were randomly assigned at a 1∶1 ratio to receive ALA (600 mg daily) or placebo on top of standard care for 24 months. The primary outcome was the composite outcome of hospitalization for heart failure (HF) or all-cause mortality events. The second outcome included non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, changes of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) from baseline to 24 months after randomization. Results Finally, 138 patients of the ALA group and 139 patients of the placebo group attained the primary outcome. Hospitalization for HF or all-cause mortality events occurred in 32 patients (23.2%) of the ALA group and in 40 patients (28.8%) of the placebo group (HR＝0.753, 95%CI 0.473-1.198, P＝0.231; Figure 1A-1C). The absolute risk reduction (ARR) was 5.6%, the relative risk reduction (RRR) associated with ALA therapy was approximately 19.4% compared to placebo, corresponding to a number needed to treat (NNT) of 18 patients to prevent one event. In the secondary outcome analysis, the composite outcome of the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including the hospitalization for HF, all-cause mortality events, non-fatal MI or non-fatal stroke occurred in 35 patients (25.4%) in the ALA group and 47 patients (33.8%) in the placebo group (HR＝0.685, 95%CI 0.442-1.062, P＝0.091; Figure 1D). Moreover, greater improvement in LVEF (β＝3.20, 95%CI 1.14-5.23, P＝0.002) and 6MWD (β＝31.7, 95%CI 8.3-54.7, P＝0.008) from baseline to 24 months after randomization were observed in the ALA group as compared to the placebo group. There were no differences in adverse events between the study groups. Conclusions These results show potential long-term beneficial effects of adding ALA to IHF patients. ALA could significantly improve LVEF and 6MWD compared to the placebo group in IHF patients.

Objective·To explore the application effect of a new type of blepharoplasty with a lower eyelid margin incision in the mid-face rejuvenation.Methods·From September 2019 to September 2022,35 patients with lower eyelid pouches,eyelid-cheek junction depression,and mid-face sagging were treated in Department of Plastic Surgery,Tongren Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The surgical procedure involved incising the lower eyelid margin of the patient,bluntly separating the orbital zygomatic space and maxillary space,and opening the orbital septum to release the orbital fat flap.Subsequently,the fat flap was spread downward to cover the infraorbital margin and fixed onto the zygomatic bone membrane.Then,the maxillary space was separated below the orbital zygomatic ligament,and the composite tissue in the infraorbital area was suspended and fixed outward and upward.The lateral orbicularis oculi muscle of the lower eyelid was suspended and fixed on the periosteum above the lateral orbital canthus,lifting the relaxed soft tissue in the mid-face.The upper and lower orbicularis oculi muscles were sutured to form a reclining silkworm,restoring the original tissue structure and morphology under the orbit.Outpatient follow-up visits were conducted at 1,3,and 6 months postoperatively,with digital cameras capturing frontal,left lateral and right lateral views.Postoperative complications were recorded,including subcutaneous bruising,swelling,conjunctival edema,hematoma,eyelid separation,lower eyelid eversion,diplopia,strabismus,dry eyeball,and tear overflow.The patients were followed up irregularly 6-12 months after surgery to observe the long-term effects.Results·All 35 patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months after surgery,with all incisions healing primarily.The blepharoplasty,palpebral sulcus depression,and nasolabial sulcus folds were significantly improved.The sagging tissue of the mid-face was reduced,and the effect was satisfactory.No complications,such as lower eyelid retraction,ectropion,or infection,occurred.Conclusion·The new type of eyelid blepharoplasty through the lower eyelid margin incision can significantly rejuvenate the lower eyelid and mid-face.This method has less trauma,less bleeding,reliable effect,and is easy to promote.

Objective To investigate the attention characteristics of patients with stable schizophrenia.Methods Fifty-five stable schizophrenic patients and 55 healthy subjects were included in the study.The attention network test paradigm(ANT paradigm)was used to measure the attention of participants.The observed indexes included reaction time under four cues and three stimulus types and converted reaction time(alerting network,orienting network,and executive control network).Results Under different cue prompts and stimulus conditions,the reaction time of patients with stable-phase schizophrenia was higher than that of the control group(P<0.001).The alerting network[25.43(11.71,42.53)ms vs.39.32(27.46,51.98)ms,P=0.020]and executive control network[96.17(36.32,160.13)ms vs.44.43(18.52,89.73)ms,P<0.001]in the patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while there was no significant difference in the orienting network compared to the control group(P=0.136).Conclusion Patients with stable schizophrenia show significant impairment in the efficiency of the alerting and executive control networks,while the orienting network is not significantly impaired.

Objective·To explore the application effect of a new type of blepharoplasty with a lower eyelid margin incision in the mid-face rejuvenation.Methods·From September 2019 to September 2022,35 patients with lower eyelid pouches,eyelid-cheek junction depression,and mid-face sagging were treated in Department of Plastic Surgery,Tongren Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The surgical procedure involved incising the lower eyelid margin of the patient,bluntly separating the orbital zygomatic space and maxillary space,and opening the orbital septum to release the orbital fat flap.Subsequently,the fat flap was spread downward to cover the infraorbital margin and fixed onto the zygomatic bone membrane.Then,the maxillary space was separated below the orbital zygomatic ligament,and the composite tissue in the infraorbital area was suspended and fixed outward and upward.The lateral orbicularis oculi muscle of the lower eyelid was suspended and fixed on the periosteum above the lateral orbital canthus,lifting the relaxed soft tissue in the mid-face.The upper and lower orbicularis oculi muscles were sutured to form a reclining silkworm,restoring the original tissue structure and morphology under the orbit.Outpatient follow-up visits were conducted at 1,3,and 6 months postoperatively,with digital cameras capturing frontal,left lateral and right lateral views.Postoperative complications were recorded,including subcutaneous bruising,swelling,conjunctival edema,hematoma,eyelid separation,lower eyelid eversion,diplopia,strabismus,dry eyeball,and tear overflow.The patients were followed up irregularly 6-12 months after surgery to observe the long-term effects.Results·All 35 patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months after surgery,with all incisions healing primarily.The blepharoplasty,palpebral sulcus depression,and nasolabial sulcus folds were significantly improved.The sagging tissue of the mid-face was reduced,and the effect was satisfactory.No complications,such as lower eyelid retraction,ectropion,or infection,occurred.Conclusion·The new type of eyelid blepharoplasty through the lower eyelid margin incision can significantly rejuvenate the lower eyelid and mid-face.This method has less trauma,less bleeding,reliable effect,and is easy to promote.

Phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway is one of the most important secondary metabolic pathways in plants. It directly or indirectly plays an antioxidant role in plant resistance to heavy metal stress, and can improve the absorption and stress tolerance of plants to heavy metal ions. In this paper, the core reactions and key enzymes of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway were summarized, and the biosynthetic processes of key metabolites such as lignin, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins and relevant mechanisms were analyzed. Based on this, the mechanisms of key products of phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in response to heavy metal stress were discussed. The perspectives on the involvement of phenylpropanoid metabolism in plant defense against heavy metal stress provides a theoretical basis for improving the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metal polluted environment.
Plants/metabolism* ; Metals, Heavy/metabolism* ; Flavonoids/metabolism* ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Antioxidants

Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/biosynthesis* ; Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis* ; Body Weight/immunology* ; COVID-19/virology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung/virology* ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Nasal Cavity/virology* ; RNA, Viral/immunology* ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity* ; Severity of Illness Index ; Viral Load

Purpose: Caspase recruitment domain containing protein 9 (CARD9) has been demonstrated to be a pro-tumor factor in various cancers. However, our previous study found a significant decrease of CARD9 in malignant pleural effusion compared with benign pleural effusion. So we investigated the role of CARD9 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its working mechanism. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of CARD9 in specimens of NSCLC patients. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databasewas also used to analyze the expression of CARD9 in NSCLC and its predicting value for prognosis. Immunofluorescence was used for CARD9 cellular location. Cell growth assay, clonal formation assay, wound healing assay, matrigel invasion assay, and flow cytometry were used to test cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cycle progression of NSCLC cells with CARD9 knockdown or CARD9 overexpression. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to identify the interaction between CARD9 and B-cell lymphoma 10 (BCL10). SB203580 was used to inhibit p38 activation. Results: CARD9 was decreased in NSCLC tissues compared with normal tissues; low CARD9 expression was associated with poor survival. CARD9 was expressed both in tumor cells and macrophages. Downregulation of CARD9 in NSCLC cells enhanced the abilities of proliferation, invasion and migration via activated MAPK/p38 signaling, while overexpression of CARD9 presented antitumor effects. BCL10 was identified to interact with CARD9. Conclusion We demonstrate that CARD9 is an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC patients and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing MAPK/p38 pathway in NSCLC cells.

Objective:To determine the optimal course of treatment for sudden deafness through investigating the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with drug therapy.Methods:Ninety-five patients with sudden deafness admitted into the department of otorhinolaryngology from the January of 2017 to the December of 2018 were divided into three groups according to the patients′ own preferences: the control group (medication only, n=33), HBO-5 group (medication combined with 5 times of HBO, n=32), and HBO-10 group (medication combined with 10 times of HBO, n=30). Pure tone audiometry tests were done before and after the treatments and the differences among the three groups were observed. Results:The total effective rate of the HBO-10 group (83%) was significantly higher than those of the control group (54%) and the HBO-5 group (56%); these differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the control group and the HBO-5 group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen combined with medication was beneficial to the hearing recovery of sudden deafness patients, but only after a whole course of hyperbaric oxygen treatment, i. e. 10 times.

Objective:To determine the optimal course of treatment for sudden deafness through investigating the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with drug therapy.Methods:Ninety-five patients with sudden deafness admitted into the department of otorhinolaryngology from the January of 2017 to the December of 2018 were divided into three groups according to the patients′ own preferences: the control group (medication only, n=33), HBO-5 group (medication combined with 5 times of HBO, n=32), and HBO-10 group (medication combined with 10 times of HBO, n=30). Pure tone audiometry tests were done before and after the treatments and the differences among the three groups were observed. Results:The total effective rate of the HBO-10 group (83%) was significantly higher than those of the control group (54%) and the HBO-5 group (56%); these differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the control group and the HBO-5 group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen combined with medication was beneficial to the hearing recovery of sudden deafness patients, but only after a whole course of hyperbaric oxygen treatment, i. e. 10 times.