Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality rates globally. Current treatment methods for lung cancer primarily include surgery， chemotherapy， targeted therapy， and immunotherapy. However， the main limitations of these treatments are their side effects， the drug resistance， and the economic burden they impose. As a critical cancer pathway， the Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） signaling pathway regulates tumor occurrence and development through multiple mechanisms by influencing various downstream targets. Consequently， the JAK/STAT signaling pathway offers a promising avenue for lung cancer treatment research. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway plays a key role in the proliferation and growth of lung cancer cells， angiogenesis， epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）， metabolic alterations， remodeling of the immune microenvironment， and the development of treatment resistance. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has garnered increasing attention due to its minimal side effects， low economic burden， and its potential to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity when used in conjunction with Western medicine. In addition to traditional Chinese medicine compounds， a growing number of Chinese medicine monomers have come into the spotlight because of their more targeted effects. Numerous studies investigating the regulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by TCM in the treatment of lung cancer have demonstrated that TCM can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells， tumor angiogenesis， and EMT， improve the inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironments， and enhance treatment sensitivity by intervening in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway， thereby impeding the progression of lung cancer. In recent years， the research on the regulation of this pathway by TCM in the treatment of lung cancer has been updated rapidly. However， the summary of these studies has not been updated in time. This review summarizes and reflects on the recent research findings regarding the regulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by TCM to intervene in lung cancer from three aspects， introducing the JAK/STAT pathway， elaborating the mechanism of this pathway in lung cancer， and exploring the intervention of TCM in the treatment of lung cancer through this pathway， to provide more reference for the treatment of lung cancer in the future.

Several types of arthritis share the common feature that the generation of inflammatory mediators leads to joint cartilage degradation. However, the shared mechanism is largely unknown. H2BK120ub1 was reportedly involved in various inflammatory diseases but its role in the shared mechanism in inflammatory joint conditions remains elusive. The present study demonstrated that levels of cartilage degradation, H2BK120ub1, and its regulator WW domain-containing adapter protein with coiled-coil (WAC) were increased in cartilage in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients as well as in experimental RA and OA mice. By regulating H2BK120ub1 and H3K27me3, WAC regulated the secretion of inflammatory and cartilage-degrading factors. WAC influenced the level of H3K27me3 by regulating nuclear entry of the H3K27 demethylase KDM6B, and acted as a key factor of the crosstalk between H2BK120ub1 and H3K27me3. The cartilage-specific knockout of WAC demonstrated the ability to alleviate cartilage degradation in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA) mice. Through molecular docking and dynamic simulation, doxercalciferol was found to inhibit WAC and the development of cartilage degradation in the CIA and CIOA models. Our study demonstrated that WAC is a key factor of cartilage degradation in arthritis, and targeting WAC by doxercalciferol could be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating cartilage destruction in several types of arthritis.

Hemoglobin, the principal protein in red blood cells, is crucial for oxygen transport in the bloodstream. The quantification of hemoglobin concentration is indispensable in medical diagnostics and health management, which encompass the diagnosis of anemia and the screening of various blood disorders. Immunological methods, based on antigen-antibody interactions, are distinguished by their high sensitivity and accuracy. Consequently, it is necessary to develop hemoglobin-specific antibodies characterized by high specificity and affinity to enhance detection accuracy. In this study, we immunized a Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) with human hemoglobin and subsequently constructed a nanobody library. Utilizing a solid-phase screening method, we selected nanobodies and evaluated the binding activity of the screened nanobodies to hemoglobin. Initially, human hemoglobin was used to immunize a Bactrian camel. Following four immunization sessions, blood was withdrawn from the jugular vein, and a nanobody library with a capacity of 2.85×10⁸ colony forming units (CFU) was generated. Subsequently, ten hemoglobin-specific nanobody sequences were identified through three rounds of adsorption-elution-enrichment assays, and these nanobodies were subjected to eukaryotic expression. Finally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and biolayer interferometry were employed to evaluate the stability, binding activity, and specificity of these nanobodies. The results demonstrated that the nanobodies maintained robust binding activity within the temperature range of 20-40 ℃ and exhibited the highest binding activity at pH 7.0. Furthermore, the nanobodies were capable of tolerating a 10% methanol solution. Notably, among the nanobodies tested, VHH-12 displayed the highest binding activity to hemoglobin, with a half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) of 10.63 nmol/L and a equilibrium dissociation constant (K_D) of 2.94×10^-7 mol/L. VHH-12 exhibited no cross-reactivity with a panel of eight proteins, such as ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin, while demonstrating partial cross-reactivity with hemoglobin derived from porcine, goat, rabbit, and bovine sources. In this study, a hemoglobin-specific high-affinity nanobody was successfully isolated, demonstrating potential applications in disease diagnosis and health monitoring.
Animals ; Camelus/immunology* ; Single-Domain Antibodies/immunology* ; Hemoglobins/immunology* ; Humans ; Peptide Library

Objective:To investigate the esthetic outcomes of socket-shield technique (SST) for immediate implantation in the maxillary anterior zone and its effect on gingival morphology.Methods:This case-control study included 75 patients with maxillary anterior tooth defects who were treated at Huzhou Central Hospital between January 2019 and September 2021. Based on their respective treatment methods, these patients were divided into two groups: SST implantation ( n = 30) and immediate implantation ( n = 45). All patients were followed up for 1 year. During this period, the thickness of the labial plate, pink esthetic score, probing depth, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results:At 6 and 12 months post-surgery, the SST group exhibited significantly lower labial plate bone resorption [(0.24 ± 0.07) mm, (0.41 ± 0.10) mm] compared with the immediate implantation group [(0.56 ± 0.11) mm, (0.86 ± 0.15) mm, t = 14.12, 14.41, both P < 0.001]. Furthermore, at both time points, the SST group scored significantly higher in curvature, height, color, and texture of the labial gingival margin using the pink esthetic score scale ( t6 months = 7.13, 6.38, 5.45, 4.92; t12 months = 3.43, 2.92, 7.50, 6.25, all P < 0.05). The mesial and distal papilla scores did not differ significantly between the SST and immediate implantation groups at various time points (all P > 0.05). However, at 6 months post-surgery, the periodontal probing depth in the SST group was (1.21 ± 0.06) mm, which was significantly lower than the corresponding value of (1.92 ± 0.07) mm in the immediate implantation group ( t = 45.49, P < 0.001). By 12 months post-surgery, no significant difference in periodontal probing depth was observed between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Additionally, there was no significant difference in patient satisfaction between the SST and immediate implantation groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:SST effectively addresses insufficient labial bone mass and prevents bone resorption. Additionally, it is advantageous for restoring the morphology of the labial alveolar process and soft tissue level. Clinically, its application produces similar results to immediate implantation.

Objective:To observe the regulatory effect of microRNA-10b(miR-10b)on the immune effect of glioma cells and explore its mechanism.Methods:Human glioma cell U251 was cultured to obtain cells in logarithmic growth stage.The cell suspen-sion was prepared according to the concentration of 1.0×105 cells/ml,and the control group,overexpression group,low expression group and blank group were set up,with 6 wells in each group.The negative control,miR-10b mimics and miR-10b inhibitor were transfected by liposome transfection in control group,overexpression group and low expression group,respectively.The blank group was given the same amount of sterile normal saline.Natural killer(NK)cells from peripheral blood of a healthy volunteer was isolated and cultured.The killing activity of NK cells was detected by MTT method.The expression of NK cell activated receptor(NKG2D)on the surface of NK cells in each group were detected by flow cytometry,and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class Ⅰ chain-related gene A(MICA),UL16 binding protein 2(ULBP2)and UL16 binding protein 3(ULBP3)on the surface of U251 hu-man glioma cells in each group were detected.Results:The transfection efficiency of control group,overexpression group and low ex-pression group were(93.55±2.05)％,(95.67±3.14)％,(94.18±3.26)％,respectively.Compared with control group and blank group,the expression of miR-10b increased in overexpression group and decreased in low expression group,and the difference were statisti-cally significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-10b between control group and blank group(P>0.05).Compared with control group and blank group,the killing activity of NK cells with different effect target ratios in overex-pression group decreased,the expression of NKG2D decreased,the killing activity of NK cells with different effect target ratios in low expression group increased,and the expression of NKG2D increased,and the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).The killing activity of NK cells in each group increased with the increase of effect target ratio,and the difference were statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in NK cell killing activity and NKG2D expression between control group and blank group(P>0.05).Compared with control group and blank group,the expression of MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of human glioma cell U251 in overexpression group decreased,and the expression of MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of human glioma cell U251 in low expression group increased,the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05),and there was no signifi-cant difference in the expression of MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of U251 glioma cells between control group and blank group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Inhibiting the expression of miR-10b can increase the expression of NKG2D on the surface of NK cells and MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of human glioma cell U251,and enhance the killing activity of NK cells against human glioma cell U251.

Objective To investigate the effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)combined with aerobic exercise training on motor function,walking ability and activity of daily living(ADL)in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods A total of 54 PD patients admitted in our department from March 2021 to January 2023 were recruited and randomly divided into conventional treatment group(n=27,aerobic exercise training for 2 weeks)and combination treatment group[n=27,aerobic exercise training plus high-frequency(10 Hz)rTMS in the bilateral primary motor cortex].Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ and ADL scale were applied in two groups before treatment(T0)and 1 h(T1)and 4 weeks(T2)after 2 weeks of treatment to compare the differences in motor score,gait pa-rameters(pace,stride length and stride frequency)and ADL score between them.Results At T1 and T2,the combination treatment group obtained significantly lower UPDRS-Ⅲ score(23.30±3.36 vs 26.22±4.04,24.04±3.45 vs 27.19±3.41,P＜0.01),but higher gait speed and longer stride length when compared with the conventional treatment group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In the combi-nation treatment group,the UPDRS-Ⅲ and ADL scores at T1 and T2 were decreased,stride speed and stride amplitude were increased when compared with the levels at T0(P＜0.05),and the ADL score was decreased at T1 than T2(P＜0.05).In the conventional treatment group,the UPDRS-Ⅲ and ADL scores at T1 were decreased than those at T0 and T2,and the step speed and stride length were increased at T1 than T0 and T2(P＜0.05).No statistical difference was found in step frequency between the two groups at different time points(P＞0.05).Conclusion High-frequency rTMS in the M1 area bilaterally combined with aerobic exercise training is superior to aerobic exercise training alone in improving PD motor symptoms and gait parameters(gait speed,and stride length),and its efficacy can last up to 4 weeks after treatment.

Objective To identify epidemiological characteristics and pathogen distribution of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Hebei Children's Hospital in order to support prevention and treatment of HFMD.Methods A total of 1 698 cases throat swab samples from children diagnosed as HFMD from 2016 to 2023 were collected.Real-time PCR was used to detect the specific classification of HFMD.Statistical analysis was performed according to the year,season,age,and sex and enterovirus type of HFMD in the children.Results From 2016 to 2023,the ratio of male to female patients among the 1 698 children admitted to Hebei Children's Hospital was 1.72∶1.Among them,the highest incidence rate in summer was 778 cases,accounting for 45.8%of all cases,followed by autumn,with a total of 614 cases,accounting for 36.2%of cases.The highest incidence was recorded in age group of 1-3 years,with a total of 1 032 cases(60.8%).The lowest incidence was 38 cases in age group＞6 years old(2.2%);There were 988 cases of HFM(58.2%)caused by different strains of enterovirus undefined(EVU)except enterovirus 71(EV71)and coxsackievirus A16(CA16).Conclusions HFMD found in Hebei Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2023 are mainly caused by enteroviruses except EV 71 and coxsackievirus A16.High morbid-ity is found in children aged 1-3 years,and summer and autumn are the main epidemic seasons.This result may facilitate and support decision making and strategy development in disease prevention and control as well as to strengthen public health resources.

Objective:To summarize the effects of disease-modifying drugs for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) on the ventilation support of type 1 children after acute respiratory failure.Methods:A case-control study was conducted, including the data of clinical characteristics, medication and ventilation supports of 38 SMA patients of type 1 with pneumonia and acute respiratory failure hospitalized in Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2020 to July 2023. Children were divided into the treatment group and the untreated group based on whether they started and persisted in using Nusinersen or Risdiplam or not before hospitalization. The differences of ventilation support between the 2 groups were analyzed. The children of the treatment group were divided into the improved group and the unimproved group based on whether they could be avoid of prolonged dependence on continuous mechanical ventilation in the next six months after discharge. The differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups were analyzed. T-test and χ2 test were used for comparison. Results:Among the enrolled children, 19 were male and 19 were female. The age was 1.3 (0.6, 2.0) years at the time of hospitalization due to pneumonia. There were 26 cases in the treatment group and 12 cases in the untreated group. The treatment group had a higher proportion of patients without prolonged dependence on continuous mechanical ventilation in the next six months after discharge (69% (18/26) vs. 2/12, χ2=9.10, P<0.05). Eighteen children were improved among the treated group, while 8 children were not. The improved group had a larger age of first onset of acute respiratory failure (1.6 (0.4, 3.4) vs. 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) years, Z=2.07, P<0.05), a longer duration of medication taken before hospitalization (3.6 (2.4, 8.7) vs. 1.2 (1.2, 2.4) months, t=2.74, P<0.05), and a smaller proportion with underlying diseases (1/18 vs. 6/8, χ2=13.58, P<0.05). Conclusions:SMA disease-modifying drugs are useful for type 1 children to avoid of prolonged dependence on continuous mechanical ventilation after acute respiratory failure. The patients who take medication longer, or have acute respiratory failure for the first-time at an older age, or without underlying diseases are more likely to avoid of.

Trib. Lorantheae used as traditional Chinese materia medica has a long history. There are 41 genera of Trib. Lorantheae， of which 6 belong to China， all have medicinal value， mainly distributed in Southwest， Southern， and Central and Southern China， with abundant resources. Twenty-two species of Trib. Lorantheae are used as medicinal materials or herbs in China. It mainly includes Taxillus. chinensis， T. sutchuenensis， Scurrula parasitica， Loranthus tanakae， Dendrophthoe pentandra， S. ferruginea， etc.， of which T. chinensis is the most widely used. The main chemical components of Trib. Lorantheae include flavonoids， terpenoids， sterols， phenylpropanoids， curcumins， phenolic acids， violate oils， sugars， and other compounds. Modern studies show that the extracts and monomer compounds of Trib. Lorantheae have various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation， anti-tumor， anti-oxidation， anti-osteoporosis， bacteriostasis， anti-virus， and lowering blood sugar， blood pressure， and lipid. It is believe that most active components related to their pharmacological effects are flavonoids， most of which are the main pharmacodynamic substances of the parasitic plants of Trib. Lorantheae， playing an important role in anti-inflammation， anti-tumor， anti-oxidation， anti-osteoporosis， and other pharmacological effect. This paper systematically summarized the literature and data on plants of Trib. Lorantheae and reviewed their chemical components and pharmacological effects， which provided references for the research， development， and utilization of Trib. Lorantheae.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor. Its malignancy is between benign hemangioma and highly malignant angiosarcoma. It originates from vascular endothelial cells or pre-endothelial cells. It is characterized by the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells with a skin-like or histiocyte-like appearance. The incidence of EHE is less than 1% in all vascular tumors, and it can occur in multiple parts of the body, most often in the liver, followed by simultaneous involvement of the liver and lung, the lung alone, and the bone alone. At present, there is no report of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma diagnosed by bone marrow cell morphological examination in China. In this case, abnormal cells were found through bone marrow cell morphological examination, which guided the direction of further diagnosis and treatment. And finally the patient was diagnosed as epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. The bone marrow cell morphological examination can provided an important basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma needs to be differentiated from a variety of benign and malignant angiogenic tumors, especially other types of epithelioid angiogenic tumors. At present, it has been found that the disease has characters of cytogenetic and molecular biological abnormalities. Combined with histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical examination, we can make the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.