Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of lumbar disc resection under unilateral biportal endoscopy(UBE)for calcified lumbar disc herniation(CLDH).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 25 patients with single-segment CLDH who underwent lumbar disc resection under UBE from January 2020 to January 2022.The operation time,postoperative hospital stay,and postoperative complications were recorded.The visual analogue scale(VAS)score for low back and leg pain,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score for the lumbar spine,and Oswestry disability index(ODI)were used to evaluate the efficacy before surgery,3 d after surgery,1 month after surgery,and at the last follow-up.At the last follow-up,the modified Macnab standard was used to assess the excellent and good rate.Results The patients were followed up for 12～24 months,with an average of(15.60±2.60)months.The average operation time was(58.67±10.73)min,and the postoperative hospital stay was(4.65±0.63)d.The VAS score,and ODI were lower,and JOA score was higher at 3 d after surgery,1 month after surgery,and the last follow-up compared with those before surgery,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At the last follow-up,according to the modified Macnab criteria,15 cases were rated as excellent,9 cases as good,and 1 case as fair.The excellent and good rate was 96.00%(24/25).Postoperative complications included a tear of the ventral dural sac of the nerve root,about 5 mm in length,without dural sac repair.The patient was instructed to stay in bed for 5 d after surgery and was given fluid replacement.The patient did not complain of discomfort such as headache when he got out of bed,and the postoperative MRI showed no massive epidural effusion.One patient had lower limb sensory disturbance and was treated with neurotrophic drugs,and recovered at the 1-month follow-up after surgery.Postoperative imaging examinations showed that the free calcified tissues were basically completely resected and the nerve roots were adequately decompressed.At the last follow-up,no recurrent cases were found.Conclusion Lumbar disc resection under UBE for CLDH is an effective and safe minimally invasive technique.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of lumbar disc resection under unilateral biportal endoscopy(UBE)for calcified lumbar disc herniation(CLDH).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 25 patients with single-segment CLDH who underwent lumbar disc resection under UBE from January 2020 to January 2022.The operation time,postoperative hospital stay,and postoperative complications were recorded.The visual analogue scale(VAS)score for low back and leg pain,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score for the lumbar spine,and Oswestry disability index(ODI)were used to evaluate the efficacy before surgery,3 d after surgery,1 month after surgery,and at the last follow-up.At the last follow-up,the modified Macnab standard was used to assess the excellent and good rate.Results The patients were followed up for 12～24 months,with an average of(15.60±2.60)months.The average operation time was(58.67±10.73)min,and the postoperative hospital stay was(4.65±0.63)d.The VAS score,and ODI were lower,and JOA score was higher at 3 d after surgery,1 month after surgery,and the last follow-up compared with those before surgery,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At the last follow-up,according to the modified Macnab criteria,15 cases were rated as excellent,9 cases as good,and 1 case as fair.The excellent and good rate was 96.00%(24/25).Postoperative complications included a tear of the ventral dural sac of the nerve root,about 5 mm in length,without dural sac repair.The patient was instructed to stay in bed for 5 d after surgery and was given fluid replacement.The patient did not complain of discomfort such as headache when he got out of bed,and the postoperative MRI showed no massive epidural effusion.One patient had lower limb sensory disturbance and was treated with neurotrophic drugs,and recovered at the 1-month follow-up after surgery.Postoperative imaging examinations showed that the free calcified tissues were basically completely resected and the nerve roots were adequately decompressed.At the last follow-up,no recurrent cases were found.Conclusion Lumbar disc resection under UBE for CLDH is an effective and safe minimally invasive technique.

Objective To investigate the sexual dimorphism in the size and shape of the mandible using geometric morphometric techniques which are based on marker points,to provide a further exploration of morphological characteristics of the mandible,new ideas and theoretical foundation to support sex difference.Methods The craniofacial thin-layer CT images of 164 northern Han Chinese adults(80 males and 84 females)were used in the study,and three-dimensional coordinates of 18 landmarks were acquired.Sex differences in mandibular size and shape were assessed using the generalized procrustes superimposition,principal component analysis,and regression analysis.Results Allometric analysis showed a statistically significant effect of mandible size on shape(P<0.001),the significance of the sex differences were found in size and shape,with male mandibles larger than female mandibles,PCA plots showed considerable overlap of the male and female mandible along the extracted PCs,and logistic regression showed that the overall sex inference accuracy was 67.1%to 89.6%.Conclusion Male and female mandibles differ more in size than in shape,and when shape and size information are combined in the analysis,the accuracy of sex classification is improved to a greater extent.

Objective To investigate the differences in clinical characteristics between children and adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate the differences in clinical data from 89 children and 120 adults with SLE.Clinical manifestations,laboratory results,renal pathological changes and disease activities of patients from the 2 groups were evaluated.Results The most common clinical manifestations including fever,rash,arthritis,renal damage and anemia were found in both groups.However,the incidences of symptoms such as fever,lymphadenectasis,anemia,renal damage,damage of digestive system and nerve system were higher in children with SLE than those in adult patients,and there were statistical significances (x2 =5.085,P=0.024;x2 =6.027,P =0.014;X2 =4.261,P =0.039;x2 =4.221,P =0.040;x2 =4.566,P =0.033;,x2 =4.346,P =0.037,respectively).The positive rate of antibodies against double stranded DNA in serum of children with SLE was higher than that in adults (x2 =1.895,P =0.169).However,the positive rate of antibodies against cardiolipin in serum of children with SLE was lower than that in adults,and there was statistical significance (x2 =4.823,P =0.028).Complement C3 and C4 levels in serum of children with SLE were lower than those in group of adults,and there were statistical significance (x2 =4.221,P =0.040;x2 =7.977,P =0.004,respectively).Class Ⅲ and Ⅳ were commonly observed in classification of renal pathological examinations in both groups.But it was shown that the prevalence of renal damage in children with SLE was higher than that in adult patients,and there was statistical significance (x2 =4.128,P =0.042).The most common SLE disease activity was identified as moderate in the both groups.However,the score of SLE Disease Activity Index was higher in children with SLE than that in adults,there was statistical significance (t =2.192,P =0.031).Conclusions Differences in clinical characteristics of SLE were found in children and adults.Compared with adults with SLE,children patients were found to show higher prevalence of disease activities,damage of multisystem and renal damage.Therefore,children with SLE need to be diagnosed as early as possible and treated aggressively.

To explore the characteristics of hematological abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through retrospective analysis.A total of 445 SLE patients were recruited and divided into 5 groups of low white blood cell,immune thrombopenic purpura,anemia,pancytopenia and control without hematological abnormalities.Among them,351 (78.9％) had hematological abnormalities and 94 (21.1％) without hematological abnormities.The prevalence of anemia,leucocytopenia,thrombocytopenia and pancytopenia were 56.0％ (246/445),27.6％ (123/445),13.5％ (60/445) and 8.5％ (38/445) respectively.The incidence of renal damage in anemia group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01).SLE patients with hematological abnormalities had lower complement C3 levels (P ＜ 0.05) and higher systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) (P ＜ 0.01).Anemia is the most common findings in SLE patients with hematological abnormalities who have lower complement C3 levels and higher SLEDAI.

Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on the recovery of patients following surgery of incomplete cervical spinal injury.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 78 cases of incomplete cervical spinal injury by trauma collected from the medical file of our hospital from June 2010 to June 2012.All the patients had complete follow-up medical data,and no statistical significance could be noted in age,gender,injury sites,seriousness of injury etc.In addition,all the patients underwent nerve decompression and internal fixation within 2 weeks after injury.With the knowledge and consent of the patients and following approval by the Hospital Ethics Committee,the patients were divided into the HBO group (40 cases) and non-HBO(NHBO)group (38 cases).Following surgery,the patients in the NHBO group were treated with only routine treatment,while the patients in the HBO group received HBO therapy in addition to routine treatment.American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) Scores and Barthel's Index (BI) were respectively used to evaluate the spinal cord function and their daily life activity,before treatment,1 month and 3 months after treatment,6 months and 1 year after surgery.Results Total effective rates for the HBO group and the NHBO group were 90.0％ and 78.9％,with statistical significance,when comparisons were made between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Following 1 month and 3 months of treatment,and after 6 months and l year of surgery,statistical significance could be noted in the scores of ASIA and BI between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05),with the therapeutic effect of the HBO group being superior to that of the NHBO group.Recovery was most obvious in the first month after surgery.One month after surgery,ASIA scores,motor function scores and Barthel scores for both the HBO group and the NHBO group were all significantly higher,as compared with those before treatment,with the scores of the HBO group being significantly superior than those of the NHBO group and with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Comprehensive HBO therapy was safe and effective for the treatment of incomplete cervical spinal injury.Clinical practice indicated that the longer the duration of treatment,the better the results,within 3 months after operation.Recovery of spinal cord function was most obvious,within the first 3 months after surgery.Proper HBO treatment could promote recovery of spinal cord function,decrease disability rate and improved the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on the recovery of patients following surgery of incomplete cervical spinal injury.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 78 cases of incomplete cervical spinal injury by trauma collected from the medical file of our hospital from June 2010 to June 2012.All the patients had complete follow-up medical data,and no statistical significance could be noted in age,gender,injury sites,seriousness of injury etc.In addition,all the patients underwent nerve decompression and internal fixation within 2 weeks after injury.With the knowledge and consent of the patients and following approval by the Hospital Ethics Committee,the patients were divided into the HBO group (40 cases) and non-HBO(NHBO)group (38 cases).Following surgery,the patients in the NHBO group were treated with only routine treatment,while the patients in the HBO group received HBO therapy in addition to routine treatment.American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) Scores and Barthel's Index (BI) were respectively used to evaluate the spinal cord function and their daily life activity,before treatment,1 month and 3 months after treatment,6 months and 1 year after surgery.Results Total effective rates for the HBO group and the NHBO group were 90.0％ and 78.9％,with statistical significance,when comparisons were made between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Following 1 month and 3 months of treatment,and after 6 months and l year of surgery,statistical significance could be noted in the scores of ASIA and BI between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05),with the therapeutic effect of the HBO group being superior to that of the NHBO group.Recovery was most obvious in the first month after surgery.One month after surgery,ASIA scores,motor function scores and Barthel scores for both the HBO group and the NHBO group were all significantly higher,as compared with those before treatment,with the scores of the HBO group being significantly superior than those of the NHBO group and with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Comprehensive HBO therapy was safe and effective for the treatment of incomplete cervical spinal injury.Clinical practice indicated that the longer the duration of treatment,the better the results,within 3 months after operation.Recovery of spinal cord function was most obvious,within the first 3 months after surgery.Proper HBO treatment could promote recovery of spinal cord function,decrease disability rate and improved the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To assess the perioperative change in Quality of Life(QoL)in patients who underwent CABG surgery. Methods The Chinese version of the SF-36 and SAQ were sent to participants at baseline and three and six months after CABG sur- gery.Results Angina stability score,one of the five SAQ domains,was lowest and postoperative SAQ domains scores were with sig- nificant improvement from baseline.Many of the dimensions of the SF-36 in postoperative patients were better than baseline.The SF- 36 was also used to evaluate in groups ONCAB and OPCAB,but no difference of the SF-36 subscale scores between the two groups was observed.Conclusion SAQ domains scores were significantly improved in three months and increased further in six months.Many of the dimensions of the SF-36 in postoperative patients were improved than baseline.No difference of the SF-36 subscale scores between the groups of ONCAB and OPCAB was observed postoperatively.

Objective To compare MRI wi th CT discography (CTD) for diagnostic assessment of lumbar disc disruption. Methods Paired comparative examination in 16 patients with ch ronic lower back pain without radicular pain and no disc herniation was conducte d using CT or MRI. The standard of CTD classification and positive disc was for mulated and the correlation between the induced lower back pain and dosage used in CTD was observed. Results For a total of 21 discs in the 16 patients, CTD showed the disc as type 2 in 12 discs and type 5 in 1 disc with 13 positive discs, while MRI only showed the high-intensity zone of poster ior annulus in 6 discs as the indirect sign of disc disruption and disc degenera tion in 7 discs. Conclusion CTD was the only method for showing the direct sign of disc disruption. The induced lower back pain was rel ated with the type of disc disruption. MRI can show some of the indirect signs of disc disruption and CTD can show the direct sign of disc disruption.