Objective: To investigate the annual trend and influencing factors of screening myopia prevalence among children and adolescents in Tianhe District, Guangzhou from 2021 to 2024, so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing targeted and precise regional myopia prevention and control strategies. Methods: From 2021 to 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to recruit 10 132 students ranging from senior kindergarten to senior high school from fixed monitoring sites for myopia screening. Additionally, a questionnaire survey on myopia related factors was administered to 7 115 students in grade 4 and above. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to analyze the annual changing trends and interaction effects, and mixed effects models were performed for sensitivity analysis. Results: The screening myopia prevalence among children and adolescents in Tianhe District from 2021 to 2024 was 58.9%, 57.3%, 56.8%, and 54.7%, respectively, and showed a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=9.06, P <0.05). The prevalence rates among senior kindergarten, primary school, junior high school, regular senior high school, and vocational high school students were 8.7%, 40.7%, 74.3%, 86.7%, and 75.6%, respectively （χ 2= 2 493.11， P <0.05). The prevalence was significantly higher in female students (60.9%) than in male students (53.3%) ( χ 2= 59.22 , P <0.05). GEE analysis showed that male students ( OR =0.59), primary school students ( OR =0.45), those who spent less than 6 hours per day sitting indoors ( OR =0.78), and those who used electronic devices for no more than 2 hours per day ( OR = 0.25 ) all had lower risks of screening myopia (all P <0.05). Students in regular high schools ( OR =2.01), those who engaged in activities inside the classroom during breaks ( OR =1.55), those who engaged in activities outside the classroom but within the school building during breaks ( OR = 1.46), those who never or only occasionally maintained proper reading and writing postures ( OR =1.32), those with less than 2 hours of daily outdoor activity ( OR =1.86), those with both parents being myopic ( OR =2.48), those with only the father being myopic ( OR =1.50), and those with only the mother being myopic ( OR =1.63) all had higher risks of screening detected myopia (all P ＜0.05). Interaction effect analysis revealed annual heterogeneity in the effects of daily outdoor activity time ≥2 h and daily electronic device use time >2 h on screening myopia prevalence (all P ＜0.05). Conclusions The screening myopia prevalence among children and adolescents in Tianhe District, Guangzhou, demonstrates a continuous downward trend. The impacts of daily outdoor activity duration and electronic device usage time on screening myopia exhibit annual heterogeneity. Dynamic and targeted myopia prevention and control strategies should be formulated in accordance with regional demographic features and environmental changes.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine （DEX） increasing serpin peptidase inhibitor clade E member 1 （SERPINE1） protein on the malignant biological behavior of thyroid carcinoma （THCA） cells. METHODS THCA cells （KTC-1， TPC-1） were treated with 1， 10 and 100 nmol/L DEX， and their viabilities， clone formation rates， migration rates and invasion number were examined. Potential biological functions of DEX in THCA cells were analyzed through whole genome sequencing and gene ontology enrichment analysis. The core targets of DEX were mined through a protein-protein interaction network. The expression characteristics of DEX core targets and their relationship with patient prognosis were evaluated. The effects of DEX on mRNA and protein expressions of core targets and protein secretion in 2 types of THCA cells were detected， and the effects of this target on DEX-related effects were validated preliminarily by knocking down the core target. RESULTS Compared with the control group （0 nmol/L DEX）， DEX at 1， 10 and 100 nmol/L significantly increased the viabilities of 2 types of THCA cells （except for the KTC-1 cells in the 1 nmol/L DEX group at 24 h）， concentration-dependently elevated the rates of clone formation， migration rates （except for 2 types of THCA cells in 1 nmol/L DEX group）， and the number of invasion （P＜0.05）. A total of 287 differently expressed genes （75 up- tongxueyan180@163.com regulated and 212 down-regulated） were enriched in signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B， Wnt， and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes in the 2 kinds of DEX-treated or non-treated THCA cells. SERPINE1 was a core target of DEX for THCA， and its mRNA and protein expression in THCA tissues/cells were significantly elevated and associated with poor prognosis of the patients （P＜0.05）. Compared with the control group， mRNA and protein expression of SERPINE1 was significantly up-regulated in 2 types of cells in the 1， 10 and 100 nmol/L DEX groups， while the secretion of this protein in conditioned medium was also significantly increased， all of which showed concentration-dependence （P＜0.05）. After knocking down SERPINE1， the promoting effects of DEX on the proliferation， colony formation， migration and invasion abilities of two types of THCA cells were significantly inhibited （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS DEX can promote the proliferation， migration and invasion of THCA cell， and the above effects may be associated with the expression of increased secretory SERPINE1 protein.

Histone lactylation is a novel type of post-translational modification,where a lactate molecule covalently binds to the lysine residues of histones.This modification plays a key role in cellular metabolic reprogramming,particularly in digestive system tumorigenesis and progression.In recent years,the role of histone lactylation in various malignancies has been increasingly recognized,highlighting its broad impact on tumor biology and clinical potential.This article focused on the research progress of histone lactylation in digestive system cancers,specifically analyzing its mechanisms in major gastrointestinal cancers such as gastric cancer,liver cancer,and colon cancer.Studies have shown that lactylation modifies histone lysine residues directly,regulating tumor cell gene expression and chromatin conformation,thereby promoting tumor proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.Lactylation affects histone-DNA interactions,altering chromatin openness and enhancing the transcriptional activity of oncogenes.In addition,targeted therapies that modulate lactation levels or inhibit lactation-related enzymes,such as lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors,lactate production inhibitors,and specific histone lactonases,are effective in inhibiting tumorigenesis and progression and have demonstrated potential therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models.This article systematically summarized the mechanisms of histone lactylation in various types of gastrointestinal cancers,offering new research directions and theoretical support for targeted therapeutic strategies based on lactylation modification.

EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common type of lung cancer, with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) being the standard first-line treatment. However, most patients with NSCLC eventually develop resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Studies on the mechanism underlying EGFR-TKI resistance have driven the development of personalized and precision medicine. Current strategies to address resistance include targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and novel drug treatments. Selecting the appropriate personalized treatment plan is crucial for improving the survival rate and quality of life of patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Thus, this study provides a brief review of the current status and future perspectives in the treatment of EGFR-mutant NSCLC after progression on EGFR-TKI therapy.

Objective To observe the effect of Zha's manipulation combined with muscle energy technique(MET)on neck and shoulder pain and Neck Disability Index(NDI)of patients with second and third cervical facet joint disorders,and then to find out a precise,safe and effective therapies for the its treatment.Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted for 60 patients with second and third cervical facet joint disorders who met the inclusion criteria.The patients who admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Rehabilitation Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from June 2023 to July 2024 were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 30 patients in each group.The treatment group was given the treatment of Zha's manipulation combined with MET,and the control group was given conventional tuina therapy.The treatment was performed once a day and the course of treatment covered five consecutive treatments.The changes of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of pain and NDI scores in the two groups before and after treatment were observed.After treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)During the treatment,there were no fell-off cases in the two groups,and all patients completed the whole course of treatment.(2)After five days of treatment,the total effective rate of the treatment group was 96.7％(29/30),and that of the control group was 86.7％(26/30);the intergroup comparison(tested by rank sum test)showed that the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the VAS scores of neck pain in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of the VAS scores of neck pain in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the NDI scores for evaluating the cervical vertebra function in the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the improvement of NDI scores in the treatment group on was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Zha's manipulation combined with MET therapy can effectively alleviate pain and improve the cervical vertebra function of patients with second and third cervical facet joint disorders,and its therapeutic efficacy is superior to that of conventional tuina therapy.

Histone lactylation is a novel type of post-translational modification,where a lactate molecule covalently binds to the lysine residues of histones.This modification plays a key role in cellular metabolic reprogramming,particularly in digestive system tumorigenesis and progression.In recent years,the role of histone lactylation in various malignancies has been increasingly recognized,highlighting its broad impact on tumor biology and clinical potential.This article focused on the research progress of histone lactylation in digestive system cancers,specifically analyzing its mechanisms in major gastrointestinal cancers such as gastric cancer,liver cancer,and colon cancer.Studies have shown that lactylation modifies histone lysine residues directly,regulating tumor cell gene expression and chromatin conformation,thereby promoting tumor proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.Lactylation affects histone-DNA interactions,altering chromatin openness and enhancing the transcriptional activity of oncogenes.In addition,targeted therapies that modulate lactation levels or inhibit lactation-related enzymes,such as lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors,lactate production inhibitors,and specific histone lactonases,are effective in inhibiting tumorigenesis and progression and have demonstrated potential therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models.This article systematically summarized the mechanisms of histone lactylation in various types of gastrointestinal cancers,offering new research directions and theoretical support for targeted therapeutic strategies based on lactylation modification.

Objective To evaluate the effect of irregular follow-up during normalized prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) epidemic on BK virus (BKV) reactivation and clinical prognosis of kidney transplant recipients. Methods Clinical data of 363 kidney transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into the pre-epidemic follow-up group and during-epidemic follow-up group according to the follow-up time. All patients were followed up for 1 year. The follow-up interval was compared between two groups. The infection of BKV and the correlation between the infection process of BKV and renal graft function were analyzed in two groups. Results A total of 1 790 preson-times were followed up before COVID-19 epidemic and 2 680 during COVID-19 epidemic. Compared with the during-epidemic follow-up group, the follow-up intervals within 3, 3-6 and 7-12 months after kidney transplantation were shorter in the pre-epidemic follow-up group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Within 1 year after kidney transplantation, 35 cases（32%） were diagnosed with BKV viruria, 3 cases（3%） of BKV viremia and 1 case（1%） of BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) in the pre-epidemic follow-up group, and 53（25%）, 3（1%） and 1（1%） in the during-epidemic follow-up group, with no statistical significance (all P>0.05). In the pre-epidemic follow-up group, the time for the initial diagnosis of BKV viruria was longer and the viral load of the first urinary BKV reactivation was smaller than those in the during-epidemic follow-up group, with statistical significance (both P<0.05). The load of the first urinary BKV reactivation was positively correlated with the peak load of urinary BKV, and the differences between the baseline and serum creatinine levels at 1 and 3 months after BKV reactivation (all P<0.05). Conclusions Irregular follow-up after kidney transplantation may lead to early BKV reactivation and higher detection value of the first viral load of urinary BKV, delay diagnosis and interventions, and lead to poor prognosis. It is urgent to establish a remote follow-up system to meet the follow-up requirements of kidney transplant recipients when public health incidents occur.

Objective A neuroblastoma(NB)liver transplantation model was established and compared with the adrenal orthotopic transplantation model to explore its characteristics.Methods 5× 105 SK-N-SH cells were implanted along the long axis of the left lobe of mouse livers with a micro-injection needle.The growth,metastasis,expression of related genes,and histopathological changes of tumors were detected after the modeling.Results The tumor formation rate in mice inoculated with tumor cells reached 100％after 21 days,and tumor growth,metastasis,related gene expression changes,and pathological characteristics were apparent.Conclusions In this study,a neuroblastoma liver transplantation model was successfully constructed via a relatively simple surgical method to provide a more suitable choice for future scientific NB experiments.

Preoperative patients′ preparedness for selective surgery is of great significance in improving surgical efficiency, improving treatment outcomes, and optimizing the quality of medical care. The lack of unified standards for existing evaluation tools hinders their clinical application. This article provides a review of the development, content, reliability, validity, and application of existing evaluation tools, and compares and analyzes them, in order to provide reference for medical workers to select suitable evaluation tools and construct a patient-centered preoperative preparation strategy.