Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine （DEX） increasing serpin peptidase inhibitor clade E member 1 （SERPINE1） protein on the malignant biological behavior of thyroid carcinoma （THCA） cells. METHODS THCA cells （KTC-1， TPC-1） were treated with 1， 10 and 100 nmol/L DEX， and their viabilities， clone formation rates， migration rates and invasion number were examined. Potential biological functions of DEX in THCA cells were analyzed through whole genome sequencing and gene ontology enrichment analysis. The core targets of DEX were mined through a protein-protein interaction network. The expression characteristics of DEX core targets and their relationship with patient prognosis were evaluated. The effects of DEX on mRNA and protein expressions of core targets and protein secretion in 2 types of THCA cells were detected， and the effects of this target on DEX-related effects were validated preliminarily by knocking down the core target. RESULTS Compared with the control group （0 nmol/L DEX）， DEX at 1， 10 and 100 nmol/L significantly increased the viabilities of 2 types of THCA cells （except for the KTC-1 cells in the 1 nmol/L DEX group at 24 h）， concentration-dependently elevated the rates of clone formation， migration rates （except for 2 types of THCA cells in 1 nmol/L DEX group）， and the number of invasion （P＜0.05）. A total of 287 differently expressed genes （75 up- tongxueyan180@163.com regulated and 212 down-regulated） were enriched in signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B， Wnt， and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes in the 2 kinds of DEX-treated or non-treated THCA cells. SERPINE1 was a core target of DEX for THCA， and its mRNA and protein expression in THCA tissues/cells were significantly elevated and associated with poor prognosis of the patients （P＜0.05）. Compared with the control group， mRNA and protein expression of SERPINE1 was significantly up-regulated in 2 types of cells in the 1， 10 and 100 nmol/L DEX groups， while the secretion of this protein in conditioned medium was also significantly increased， all of which showed concentration-dependence （P＜0.05）. After knocking down SERPINE1， the promoting effects of DEX on the proliferation， colony formation， migration and invasion abilities of two types of THCA cells were significantly inhibited （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS DEX can promote the proliferation， migration and invasion of THCA cell， and the above effects may be associated with the expression of increased secretory SERPINE1 protein.

Objective Based on the finite element simulation analysis of the patient's torso-spine model and combined with theoretical calculation data,an individualized scoliosis orthosis was designed,and the effectiveness of the orthosis was verified through three-dimensional(3D)printing.Methods A patient with idiopathic scoliosis was chosen as the research object.Reverse engineering technology and computer-aided technology were used to establish the torso-spine model of the patient.The finite element method was used to analyze the model,and the optimal position and magnitude of the corrective force were determined by combining literature theory calculation.Based on this,an orthosis was designed.To verify the orthopedic effect,the patient's X-rays before and after wearing the orthosis were compared and evaluated,and the patient was followed up 6 months later.Results The optimal position and magnitude of the initial corrective force were determined through theoretical calculations and finite element simulations.Specifically,a 62.95 N corrective force applied to the L3 vertebral body and the left posterior region corresponding to the upper and lower intervertebral discs in the patient's lateral curvature segment of the spine to achieve the optimal orthopedic effect.On this basis,the orthosis was designed,followed by relevant experimental tests before and after wearing the designed orthosis.By comparing X-ray images of the patient before and after wearing the orthosis and combining them with follow-up data six months later,the optimized design of the orthosis met the expected clinical requirements for orthopedic effects.Conclusions The design of orthosis needs to be personalized according to the specific situation of patients with scoliosis.This study takes a patient with idiopathic scoliosis as the research object,providing new ideas and methods for the design of orthosis for patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Objective Based on the finite element simulation analysis of the patient's torso-spine model and combined with theoretical calculation data,an individualized scoliosis orthosis was designed,and the effectiveness of the orthosis was verified through three-dimensional(3D)printing.Methods A patient with idiopathic scoliosis was chosen as the research object.Reverse engineering technology and computer-aided technology were used to establish the torso-spine model of the patient.The finite element method was used to analyze the model,and the optimal position and magnitude of the corrective force were determined by combining literature theory calculation.Based on this,an orthosis was designed.To verify the orthopedic effect,the patient's X-rays before and after wearing the orthosis were compared and evaluated,and the patient was followed up 6 months later.Results The optimal position and magnitude of the initial corrective force were determined through theoretical calculations and finite element simulations.Specifically,a 62.95 N corrective force applied to the L3 vertebral body and the left posterior region corresponding to the upper and lower intervertebral discs in the patient's lateral curvature segment of the spine to achieve the optimal orthopedic effect.On this basis,the orthosis was designed,followed by relevant experimental tests before and after wearing the designed orthosis.By comparing X-ray images of the patient before and after wearing the orthosis and combining them with follow-up data six months later,the optimized design of the orthosis met the expected clinical requirements for orthopedic effects.Conclusions The design of orthosis needs to be personalized according to the specific situation of patients with scoliosis.This study takes a patient with idiopathic scoliosis as the research object,providing new ideas and methods for the design of orthosis for patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Objective To isolate a Acinetobacter baumannii(Ab)phage from underground sewage,study its prop-erties,and to provide a theoretical basis for phage treatment of Ab infection.Methods Double-layer agar tech-nique was used to isolate phages by using Ab GY-6 as the host strain.Biological characterization and therapeutic effect of the phage was tested.Genetic information of the phage was analyzed.Results Ab phage Abgy202162 was isolated.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analysis showed that the morphology of Abgy202162 exhibited an icosahedral structure.Biological characteristic analysis showed that the optimal multiplicity of infection was 1,the latent period was 5 min,and the burst size was approximately 520 PFU per cell.In addition,Abgy202162 re-mained stable at different concentrations of chloroform,pH,and temperatures.Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)analysis showed that it contained 10 proteins with molecular weights ran-ging from 15 to 100 ku.The double-stranded(ds)DNA genome of Abgy202162 consisted of 40 889 bp and its G+C content was 38.85％.It contained 47 open reading frames(ORFs),of which 26 had specific functions,but no virulence related genes or antibiotic resistance genes were found.Phylogenetic analysis showed that Abgy202162 was a new phage in the Autographiviridae family,Beijerinkvirinae subfamily,and Friunavirus genus.Abgy202162 showed the ability to prevent Ab infection in the Galleria mellonella in vivo model.Conclusion The phage Ab-gy202162 has strong environmental tolerance and high safety,indicating its potential as an antibiotic alternative used in the treatment of infections caused by Ab.