This study aims to compare the vaccination rates and incidence of adverse reaction rates following administration of two domestically produced human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in individuals aged 9-30 years,investigate the impact of distinct manufacturing processes and vaccination schedules on adverse reaction rates. From November 2023 to June 2024, the Immunization Planning Department of Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a single-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial using community-based recruitment of eligible participants aged 9 to 30 years. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either of two domestically produced HPV vaccines (Walrinvax or Cecolin). As specified in the vaccine package inserts, subjects were stratified into a two-dose regimen group (aged 9-14 years) and a three-dose regimen group (aged 15-30 years). Vaccination rates were recorded, and adverse reactions within 0-30 days post-vaccination were monitored. The results showed that a total of 400 participants were enrolled. Both the full vaccination rate and the timely completion rate were significantly higher in the two-dose regimen group compared to the three-dose regimen group (Fisher′s exact test, P<0.01; χ2=7.06, P<0.01). A total of 985 doses were administered. The overall adverse reaction rate was 18.78% (185/985), with local and systemic reactions occurring at 8.02% (79/985) and 10.76% (106/985), respectively. The most frequent adverse reactions were injection site pain (4.97%, 49/985) and fever (4.47%, 44/985). No grade 4 or special-interest adverse events were reported.The incidence of adverse reactions for the two domestic HPV vaccines with different production processes (at 0/6 months) was 13.96% (55/394) and 17.46% (69/395) respectively, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=1.83, P>0.05).The adverse reaction rate was significantly lower in the 9-14 years group (9.77%) compared the 15-30 years group (24.91%)(χ 2=35.67, P<0.01). In conclusion, both domestic HPV vaccines demonstrated a favorable safety profile in the 9-30 years age group, with mostly mild adverse reactions. Compared to the three-dose schedule (15-30 years group), the two-dose HPV vaccination schedule (9-14 years group) significantly reduced the incidence of adverse reactions and improved vaccination compliance.

Objective:To investigate the association between peripheral immune function status and lung cancer metastasis,and to identify peripheral blood immune biomarkers for'Deficiency of Vital Qi'assessment in lung cancer metastasis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on peripheral blood immune markers collected before treatment from lung cancer patients admitted into Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between March 2023 and April 2025.Patients were categorized into the non-metastatic and the metastatic groups based on the presence of distant metastasis,and the differences in the expressions of immune cells and cytokines between groups were compared.Peripheral blood immune markers with P<0.05 in univariate analysis were incorporated into a multivariate binary logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of lung cancer metastasis.Results:A total of 193 lung cancer patients were included(101 in the non-metastatic group and 92 in the metastatic group).There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,smoking history,drinking history,or pathological type(all P>0.05).Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in multiple immune markers between the non-metastatic and metastatic groups(all P<0.05),including:lymphocyte count,CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T,CD19+B cells,absolute counts of CD3-CD16+CD56+NK cells,percentages of Treg cells,CD8+CD28+Treg cells,G-MDSC,and CD3-CD16+CD56+dim NK cells,and levels of cytokine IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-10.Binary logistic regression analysis of differential indicators suggested that the percentage of Treg cells and CD8+CD28+Treg cells in peripheral blood were independent predictors of distant metastasis in lung cancer(OR=1.193,95%CI[1.047,1.36],P<0.01;OR=0.978,95%CI[0.957,0.999],P<0.05).Conclusion:Peripheral blood immune dysfunction is the biological basis for'qi deficiency'in lung cancer metastasis.This study quantitatively demonstrates the correlation between peripheral immune function status and lung cancer metastasis,providing empirical evidence for the theories of'qi deficiency and hidden toxicity'and'metastatic state of tumors'.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in Dezhou City, Shandong Province.Methods:The epidemic data of imported malaria in Dezhou City from January 2014 to December 2024 reported by the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System were collected, and the sources of infection and epidemiological characteristics of the cases were analyzed. Meanwhile, the surveillance data of malaria vector populations in Dezhou City reported by the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System during the same period were collected, and the types of mosquito populations were analyzed.Results:From 2014 to 2024, a total of 100 cases of imported malaria were reported in Dezhou City, all of which were laboratory-confirmed cases, mainly falciparum malaria, accounting for 61.0% (61/100). The cases came from 21 countries, mainly imported from Africa, accounting for 99.0% (99/100). The cases were mainly male, accounting for 99.0% (99/100). The age range was mainly between 21 and 50 years old, accounting for 88.0% (88/100). The occupations were mainly construction industry workers and catering industry personnel, accounting for 41.0% (41/100) and 27.0% (27/100), respectively. The median time interval between the entry of the case and the onset of the disease was 8 days, and the median time interval between the onset of the disease and diagnosis was 6 days. From 2014 to 2024, a total of 16 803 mosquitoes were captured in Dezhou City, with the dominant mosquito species being Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 89.1% (14 979/16 803). Conclusion:The imported malaria in Dezhou City is mainly falciparum malaria imported from Africa, and the cases are mainly male, young and middle-aged people and construction industry workers.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in Dezhou City, Shandong Province.Methods:The epidemic data of imported malaria in Dezhou City from January 2014 to December 2024 reported by the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System were collected, and the sources of infection and epidemiological characteristics of the cases were analyzed. Meanwhile, the surveillance data of malaria vector populations in Dezhou City reported by the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System during the same period were collected, and the types of mosquito populations were analyzed.Results:From 2014 to 2024, a total of 100 cases of imported malaria were reported in Dezhou City, all of which were laboratory-confirmed cases, mainly falciparum malaria, accounting for 61.0% (61/100). The cases came from 21 countries, mainly imported from Africa, accounting for 99.0% (99/100). The cases were mainly male, accounting for 99.0% (99/100). The age range was mainly between 21 and 50 years old, accounting for 88.0% (88/100). The occupations were mainly construction industry workers and catering industry personnel, accounting for 41.0% (41/100) and 27.0% (27/100), respectively. The median time interval between the entry of the case and the onset of the disease was 8 days, and the median time interval between the onset of the disease and diagnosis was 6 days. From 2014 to 2024, a total of 16 803 mosquitoes were captured in Dezhou City, with the dominant mosquito species being Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 89.1% (14 979/16 803). Conclusion:The imported malaria in Dezhou City is mainly falciparum malaria imported from Africa, and the cases are mainly male, young and middle-aged people and construction industry workers.

This study aims to compare the vaccination rates and incidence of adverse reaction rates following administration of two domestically produced human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in individuals aged 9-30 years,investigate the impact of distinct manufacturing processes and vaccination schedules on adverse reaction rates. From November 2023 to June 2024, the Immunization Planning Department of Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a single-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial using community-based recruitment of eligible participants aged 9 to 30 years. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either of two domestically produced HPV vaccines (Walrinvax or Cecolin). As specified in the vaccine package inserts, subjects were stratified into a two-dose regimen group (aged 9-14 years) and a three-dose regimen group (aged 15-30 years). Vaccination rates were recorded, and adverse reactions within 0-30 days post-vaccination were monitored. The results showed that a total of 400 participants were enrolled. Both the full vaccination rate and the timely completion rate were significantly higher in the two-dose regimen group compared to the three-dose regimen group (Fisher′s exact test, P<0.01; χ2=7.06, P<0.01). A total of 985 doses were administered. The overall adverse reaction rate was 18.78% (185/985), with local and systemic reactions occurring at 8.02% (79/985) and 10.76% (106/985), respectively. The most frequent adverse reactions were injection site pain (4.97%, 49/985) and fever (4.47%, 44/985). No grade 4 or special-interest adverse events were reported.The incidence of adverse reactions for the two domestic HPV vaccines with different production processes (at 0/6 months) was 13.96% (55/394) and 17.46% (69/395) respectively, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=1.83, P>0.05).The adverse reaction rate was significantly lower in the 9-14 years group (9.77%) compared the 15-30 years group (24.91%)(χ 2=35.67, P<0.01). In conclusion, both domestic HPV vaccines demonstrated a favorable safety profile in the 9-30 years age group, with mostly mild adverse reactions. Compared to the three-dose schedule (15-30 years group), the two-dose HPV vaccination schedule (9-14 years group) significantly reduced the incidence of adverse reactions and improved vaccination compliance.

Objective:A nationwide multi-center and large sample survey was conducted to compare the validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Hypo-) Manic Episode with Mixed Features-DSM-5 Module (MINI-M) questionnaire and the Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale Supplemented with Questions for the DSM-5 Mixed Features Specifier (CUDOS-M) depression subscale in identifying mixed features in patients experiencing (hypo-) manic episodes.Methods:Using a convenience sampling method, 366 patients with bipolar disorder experiencing acute (hypo-) manic episodes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. The diagnosis of "with mixed features" was based on the DSM-5 criteria for mixed features. The predictive validity of the MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale to screen mixed features was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Additionally, the difference in area under the ROC curve (AUC) between the two instruments was compared.Results:The AUC for the MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale in screening mixed features were 0.79 (95 %CI=0.75-0.84) and 0.81 (95 %CI=0.77-0.86), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in AUC between the two measurements ( Z=-1.19, P>0.05). Among patients with acute (hypo-) manic episodes, 45.9% (168/366) presented with mixed features according to the DSM-5 criteria, while the corresponding figures were 43.7% (160/366) using the MINI-M questionnaire (total score≥3) and 42.1% (154/366) using the CUDOS-M depression subscale (total score≥20). Screening results were comparable among the three measures. Conclusion:Mixed features are common among patients experiencing acute (hypo-) manic episodes. The MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale demonstrate equivalent validity in identifying mixed features.

BACKGROUND:Hypoxia is strongly associated with the development and progression of osteoarthritic chondrocyte injury,but the specific targets and regulatory mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE:A machine learning approach was used to identify KDEL(Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu)receptor 3(KDELR3)as a characteristic gene for osteoarthritis hypoxia and immune infiltration analysis,to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis. METHODS:The osteoarthritis-related datasets were downloaded from the GEO database and the GSEA website to obtain hypoxia-related genes.The osteoarthritis datasets were batch-corrected and immune infiltration analyzed using R language,and osteoarthritis hypoxia genes were extracted for differential analysis.Differentially expressed genes were analyzed for GO function and KEGG signaling pathway.Weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA)and machine learning were also used to screen osteoarthritis hypoxia signature genes,and in vitro cellular experiments were performed to validate expression and correlate immune infiltration analysis using the datasets and qPCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)8492 osteoarthritis genes were obtained by batch correction and principal component analysis,mainly strongly associated with immune cells such as Macrophages M2 and Mast cells resting;200 hypoxia genes were also obtained,resulting in 41 osteoarthritis hypoxia differentially expressed genes.(2)GO analysis involved mainly biological processes such as response to nutrient levels and glucocorticoids;cellular components such as lysosomal lumen and Golgi lumen;and molecular functions such as 14-3-3 protein binding and DNA-binding transcriptional activator activity.(3)KEGG analysis of osteoarthritis hypoxia differentially expressed genes was associated with signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt,FoxO,and microRNAs in cancer.(4)The characteristic gene KDELR3 was obtained after using WGCNA analysis and machine learning screening.(5)The gene expression of KDELR3 was found to be higher in the test group than in the control group in the synovium(P=0.014)but lower in the meniscus(P=0.024)after validation by gene microarray.(6)In vitro chondrocyte assay showed that the expression of KDELR3 was higher in cartilage than in the control group(P=0.005),while KDELR3 was closely associated with Macrophages M0(P=0.014)and T cells follicular helper(P=0.014).Using a machine learning approach,we confirmed that KDELR3 can be used as a hypoxic signature gene for osteoarthritis and may intervene in osteoarthritis pathogenesis by improving hypoxia,expecting to provide a new direction for better treatment of osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND:Ferroptosis is strongly associated with the occurrence and progression of osteoarthritis,but the specific characteristic genes and regulatory mechanisms are not known. OBJECTIVE:To identify osteoarthritis ferroptosis signature genes and immune infiltration analysis using the WGCNA and various machine learning methods. METHODS:The osteoarthritis dataset was downloaded from the GEO database and ferroptosis-related genes were obtained from the FerrDb website.R language was used to batch correct the osteoarthritis dataset,extract osteoarthritis ferroptosis genes and perform differential analysis,analyze differentially expressed genes for GO function and KEGG signaling pathway.WGCNA analysis and machine learning(random forest,LASSO regression,and SVM-RFE analysis)were also used to screen osteoarthritis ferroptosis signature genes.The in vitro cell experiments were performed to divide chondrocytes into normal and osteoarthritis model groups.The dataset and qPCR were used to verify expression and correlate immune infiltration analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)12 548 osteoarthritis genes were obtained by batch correction and PCA analysis,while 484 ferroptosis genes were obtained,resulting in 24 differentially expressed genes of osteoarthritis ferroptosis.(2)GO analysis mainly involved biological processes such as response to oxidative stress and response to organophosphorus,cellular components such as apical and apical plasma membranes,and molecular functions such as heme binding and tetrapyrrole binding.(3)KEGG analysis exhibited that differentially expressed genes of osteoarthritis ferroptosis were related to signaling pathways such as the interleukin 17 signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway.(4)After using WGCNA analysis and machine learning screening,we obtained the characteristic gene KLF2.After validation by gene microarray,we found that the gene expression of KLF2 was higher in the test group than in the control group in the meniscus(P=0.000 14).(5)In vitro chondrocyte assay showed that type Ⅱ collagen and KLF2 expression was lower in the osteoarthritis group than in the control group in chondrocytes(P<0.05),while in osteoarthritis ferroptosis,mast cells activated was closely correlated with dendritic cells(r=0.99);KLF2 was closely correlated with natural killer cells(r=-1,P=0.017)and T cells follicular helper(r=-1,P=0.017).(6)The findings indicate that using WGCNA analysis and machine learning methods confirmed that KLF2 can be a characteristic gene for osteoarthritis ferroptosis and may improve osteoarthritis ferroptosis by interfering with KLF2.

Objective:A nationwide multi-center and large sample survey was conducted to compare the validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Hypo-) Manic Episode with Mixed Features-DSM-5 Module (MINI-M) questionnaire and the Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale Supplemented with Questions for the DSM-5 Mixed Features Specifier (CUDOS-M) depression subscale in identifying mixed features in patients experiencing (hypo-) manic episodes.Methods:Using a convenience sampling method, 366 patients with bipolar disorder experiencing acute (hypo-) manic episodes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. The diagnosis of "with mixed features" was based on the DSM-5 criteria for mixed features. The predictive validity of the MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale to screen mixed features was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Additionally, the difference in area under the ROC curve (AUC) between the two instruments was compared.Results:The AUC for the MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale in screening mixed features were 0.79 (95 %CI=0.75-0.84) and 0.81 (95 %CI=0.77-0.86), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in AUC between the two measurements ( Z=-1.19, P>0.05). Among patients with acute (hypo-) manic episodes, 45.9% (168/366) presented with mixed features according to the DSM-5 criteria, while the corresponding figures were 43.7% (160/366) using the MINI-M questionnaire (total score≥3) and 42.1% (154/366) using the CUDOS-M depression subscale (total score≥20). Screening results were comparable among the three measures. Conclusion:Mixed features are common among patients experiencing acute (hypo-) manic episodes. The MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale demonstrate equivalent validity in identifying mixed features.

Objective To compare the efficacy of precut over a pancreatic duct stent(PPDS)and transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy(TPS)for difficult biliary cannulation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of all consecutive patients underwent ERCP by the same doctor in our hospital between April 2019 and March 2023.According to the selected method during difficult biliary cannulation when guidewire entered pancreatic duct unintendedly,the patients were divided into two groups,1)PPDS group:placing a pancreatic duct stent first,then using a needle knife to cut bile duct sphincter on the surface of the pancreatic duct stent,preserving pancreatic duct sphincter,and then selectively cannulate bile duct;2)TPS group:precut through pancreatic duct sphincter first,then a pancreatic duct stent was placed,and bile duct was selectively cannulated.The success rate of biliary cannulation and ERCP-related complication between the two groups were compared.Results Among 762 ERCP patients,84 patients were enrolled in this study,44 patients in PPDS group,and 40 patients in TPS group.In PPDS group,42 patients(95.4%,42/44)had successful biliary cannulation.No post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP),bleeding,perforation occurred in PPDS group.In TPS group,39 patients(97.5%,39/40)had successful biliary cannulation.Four patients(10.0%,4/40)had PEP in PPDS group,no bleeding or perforation occurred.All patients were cured.The success rate of biliary cannulation between two groups had no significant difference(P>0.05),while the rate of PEP had significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions Both PPDS and TPS are good choice for difficult biliary cannulation with high success rate of biliary cannulation.PPDS is more suitable for patients with high-risk factors for PEP,while TPS is a simple technique.