Objective:To explore the effect of proxy online health information seeking based on theory of planned behavior(TPB) of rural maternal for breast feeding guidance. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for improving the rate of exclusive breast feeding among rural mothers.Methods:Using a quasi experimental research method and convenience sampling method, the study selected postpartum women and their primary caregivers who gave birth at Maoming Dianbai Maternal and Child Health Care hospital from October 2023 to April 2024 as the research subjects. According to the admission time, 47 parturients and their primary caregiver who gave birth between October and December 2023 were designated as the control group, while 50 parturients and their primary caregiver who gave birth between January and April 2024 were designated as the observation group. The control group received routine breast feeding education, while the observation group received proxy online health information seeking based on TPB breast feeding guidance. Compared the breast feeding knowledge, self-efficacy, family support, as well as the electronic health literacy and breast feeding knowledge of the primary caregivers of two groups of postpartum women.Results:The final control group included 40 maternal and their primary caregivers, while the observation group included 47 each. The maternal age of the control group was (36.73 ± 4.36) years, while that of the observation group was (35.96 ± 3.24) years. The main caregivers for the control group of parturients were 5 males and 35 females, aged 61.00 (59.00, 62.00) years old. There were 8 males and 39 females in the observation group, aged 62.00 (59.00, 64.00) years. After 6 months of intervention, the scores of breast feeding knowledge, self-efficacy, and family support were 14.00(12.00, 16.00), 45.67 ± 9.49, 3.00(3.00, 4.00) in the intervention group, more than those in the control group 7.00(2.00, 10.75), 37.15 ± 8.12, 2.00(2.00, 3.00) points, the differences were statistically significant between the two groups ( Z=-6.55, -5.68, t=-4.45, all P<0.05); the primary caregivers' electronic health literacy and breast feeding knowledge scores were 31.45 ± 4.92 and 14.00 (11.00, 16.00), respectively, higher than those of the control group family members 28.68 ± 4.46 and 4.50 (2.00, 9.75). The differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.38, Z=-7.19, both P<0.05). The pure breast feeding rate at 1 week, 3 months and 6 months postpartum were 70.2%(33/47), 63.8%(30/47), 59.6%(28/47) in the intervention group, more than those in the control group 47.5%(19/40), 37.5%(15/40), 27.5%(11/40), the differences were statistically significant between the two groups ( χ2=4.64, 6.00, 8.99, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Proxy online health information seeking based on TPB can effectively strengthen the health information searching ability of primary caregivers of rural maternal, and help rural maternal improve breastfeeding knowledge, self-efficacy and family support to promote exclusive breast feeding.

Keratoconus(KC)is a blinding eye disease caused by a variety of factors, with its pathogenesis still not well understood. In recent years, it has been discovered that sex hormones and prolactin-induced protein(PIP)have a profound impact on the cornea, with more noticeable changes when there are abnormalities in their body content. It has been found that various sex hormone receptors are distributed in the cornea. Based on this, this article reviews a multitude of studies on how sex hormones and PIP affect the cornea, along with relevant clinical research. It has been observed that sex hormones and PIP also play a role in KC patients and influence the occurrence and progression of KC. Additionally, it has been noted that pregnant and lactating women may be more susceptible to KC. Sex hormones and PIP have the potential to become new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. This article not only provides new insights but also offers important references for clinical practice.

Keratoconus(KC)is a blinding eye disease caused by a variety of factors, with its pathogenesis still not well understood. In recent years, it has been discovered that sex hormones and prolactin-induced protein(PIP)have a profound impact on the cornea, with more noticeable changes when there are abnormalities in their body content. It has been found that various sex hormone receptors are distributed in the cornea. Based on this, this article reviews a multitude of studies on how sex hormones and PIP affect the cornea, along with relevant clinical research. It has been observed that sex hormones and PIP also play a role in KC patients and influence the occurrence and progression of KC. Additionally, it has been noted that pregnant and lactating women may be more susceptible to KC. Sex hormones and PIP have the potential to become new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. This article not only provides new insights but also offers important references for clinical practice.

Outbreaks of zoonotic emerging infectious diseases have posed serious threats to human health and social development. The experience of epidemic prevention and control highlights the importance of the One Health concept in the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases. Sanitary microbiology studies the ecological relationship between environmental microorganisms and humans, detection techniques, and preventive strategies. Its research scope overlaps and is closely related to that of emerging infectious disease prevention and control guided by the One Health concept. Vigorously promoting the research and teaching reform of sanitary microbiology in universities can provide key technologies and high-tech talents for One Health practices, promote development of new strategies for the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases, and enhance the ability to respond to biosafety crises.

Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

Objective:To observe and analyze the influencing factors for the prognosis of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug treatment in patients with macular neovascularization (MNV) under 45 years old.Methods:A retrospective clinical case study. A total of 89 MNV patients with 96 eyes who were diagnosed and treated with anti-VEGF drugs in Department of Ophthalmology of The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2020 to January 2024 were included in the study. The ages of all patients were <45 years old. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations; 49 eyes underwent OCT angiography (OCTA) examination. The BCVA examination was carried out using the international standard visual acuity chart and was converted into the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity for statistics. The macular foveal thickness (CMT) was measured using an OCT instrument. The size of the MNV lesion was measured using the software of the OCTA self-contained device. The affected eyes were given intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs once, and then the drugs were administered as needed after evaluation. The follow-up time after treatment was ≥6 months. During the follow-up, relevant examinations were performed using the same equipment and methods as before treatment. The last follow-up was taken as the time point for efficacy evaluation. According to the OCT image characteristics of the MNV lesions, the affected eyes were divided into the fibrous scar group and the non-fibrous scar group, with 52 (54.16%, 52/96) and 44 (45.83%, 44/96) eyes respectively. Comparing the CMT and BCVA at the last follow-up with those at the baseline, the affected eyes were divided into the CMT reduction group, the CMT increase group, the BCVA improvement group and the BCVA reduction group, with 66 (68.75%, 66/96), 30 (31.25%, 30/96) eyes and 74 (77.08%, 74/96), 22 (22.92%, 22/96) eyes respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of non-normally distributed measurement data between groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factors affecting the prognosis of MNV patients. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the age ( Z=-0.928) and gender composition ratio ( χ2= 0.123) between the fibrous scar group and the non-fibrous scar group ( P>0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the number of eyes with a follow-up time of ≥36 months and <36 months ( χ2= 3.906, P=0.048); there were statistically significant differences in the size of the MNV lesions ( Z=-2.385, P=0.017); there were statistically significant differences in the number of eyes with different vascular network morphologies ( χ2=12.936, P=0.001). Before treatment and at the last follow-up, the CMT of the affected eyes was 267.50 (237.25, 311.75) μm and 242.00 (217.25, 275.75) μm respectively; logMAR BCVA was 0.20 (0.10, 0.50) and 0.35 (0.16, 0.60) logMAR respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the CMT and logMAR BCVA before treatment and at the last follow-up ( Z=-3.311, -1.984; P=0.001, 0.047). There were statistically significant differences in different ages ( Z=-2.284), myopic diopter ( χ2=7.437), etiology ( χ2=6.956), and disease course ( Z=-1.687) between the CMT reduction group and the CMT increase group ( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the number of eyes with different subjective feelings between the BCVA improvement group and the BCVA reduction group ( χ2=10.133, P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the etiology was an independent risk factor for CMT thickening. Conclusions:Age, etiology, myopic diopter, disease course, follow-up time, lesion size and the morphology of the neovascular network are the influencing factors for the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug treatment in MNV patients under 45 years old. The etiology is an independent risk factor for CMT increase.

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a disease in which apnea and hypopnea occur during sleep, and the main symptoms are sleep snoring. OSAHS is not only closely related to the occurrence of various eye diseases, but also the severity of OSAHS can affect the progression of related eye diseases. At present, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective means to treat OSAHS, and the progression of related eye diseases has been improved correspondingly after CPAP treatment. In the future, it is necessary to further study the pathogenesis of OSAHS and enrich the research evidence of the association between OSAHS and eye diseases, so as to provide more comprehensive theoretical evidence for the prevention and treatment of OSAHS-related eye diseases.

Objective To investigate the relationship between ventricular arterial coupling(VAC)and haemodynamics of patients with sepsis and the predictive value for the 28-day prognosis.Methods A total of 164 patients with sepsis were selected and given fluid resuscitation treatment(infusion of 30 mL/kg of crystalloid over 3 h),and changes of VAC[effective aortic elasticity(Ea)/ventricular end-systolic elasticity(Ees)]values and hemodynamic parameters of patients resuscitated for 0 h,24 h and 72 h were observed.The difference between Ea/Ees for 24 h and 72 h of resuscitation and 0 h was calculated.Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between Ea/Ees and Δcentral venous pressure(CVP),Δspiratory volume index(SVI)and Δcardiac index(CI).According to the 28-day prognosis,patients were divided into two groups:the survival group(123 cases)and the death group(41 cases).General information was collected in two groups of patients.The predictive values of 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees for 28-day death in sepsis patients were analyzed by multivariate Cox regression models and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve.Results The Ea/Ees of 164 patients resuscitated for 24 h and 72 h were lower than those of 0 h,and the Ea/Ees of 72 h was lower than that of 24 h(all P<0.05).CVP,SVI and CI of 164 patients resuscitated for 24 h and 72 h were higher than those of 0 h,and the CVP,SVI and CI of 24 h was higher than that of 72 h(all P<0.05).The 24 h ΔEa/Ees was significantly lower than that of 72 h ΔEa/Ees(P<0.05),and 24 h ΔCVP,SVI and CI were higher than those of 72 h(P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 24 h ΔCVP,24 h ΔSVI and 24 h ΔCI(P<0.05).Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Status Score II(APACHE Ⅱ)≥20 points,Sequential Organ Failure Score(SOFA)≥10 points,24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees were higher in the death group than those in the survival group(P<0.05).Elevated APACHE Ⅱ,SOFA,24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees were risk factors affecting the 28-day prognosis of patients with sepsis(P<0.05).The 24-hour ΔEa/Ees and 72-hour ΔEa/Ees were more effective in predicting the 28 d prognosis of patients with sepsis(P<0.05).Conclusion Changes of Ea/Ees can better reflect the haemodynamic changes in sepsis patients in the early stages of treatment and help to predict the 28-day prognosis of sepsis patients.

Outbreaks of zoonotic emerging infectious diseases have posed serious threats to human health and social development. The experience of epidemic prevention and control highlights the importance of the One Health concept in the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases. Sanitary microbiology studies the ecological relationship between environmental microorganisms and humans, detection techniques, and preventive strategies. Its research scope overlaps and is closely related to that of emerging infectious disease prevention and control guided by the One Health concept. Vigorously promoting the research and teaching reform of sanitary microbiology in universities can provide key technologies and high-tech talents for One Health practices, promote development of new strategies for the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases, and enhance the ability to respond to biosafety crises.

Objective To investigate the relationship between ventricular arterial coupling(VAC)and haemodynamics of patients with sepsis and the predictive value for the 28-day prognosis.Methods A total of 164 patients with sepsis were selected and given fluid resuscitation treatment(infusion of 30 mL/kg of crystalloid over 3 h),and changes of VAC[effective aortic elasticity(Ea)/ventricular end-systolic elasticity(Ees)]values and hemodynamic parameters of patients resuscitated for 0 h,24 h and 72 h were observed.The difference between Ea/Ees for 24 h and 72 h of resuscitation and 0 h was calculated.Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between Ea/Ees and Δcentral venous pressure(CVP),Δspiratory volume index(SVI)and Δcardiac index(CI).According to the 28-day prognosis,patients were divided into two groups:the survival group(123 cases)and the death group(41 cases).General information was collected in two groups of patients.The predictive values of 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees for 28-day death in sepsis patients were analyzed by multivariate Cox regression models and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve.Results The Ea/Ees of 164 patients resuscitated for 24 h and 72 h were lower than those of 0 h,and the Ea/Ees of 72 h was lower than that of 24 h(all P<0.05).CVP,SVI and CI of 164 patients resuscitated for 24 h and 72 h were higher than those of 0 h,and the CVP,SVI and CI of 24 h was higher than that of 72 h(all P<0.05).The 24 h ΔEa/Ees was significantly lower than that of 72 h ΔEa/Ees(P<0.05),and 24 h ΔCVP,SVI and CI were higher than those of 72 h(P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 24 h ΔCVP,24 h ΔSVI and 24 h ΔCI(P<0.05).Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Status Score II(APACHE Ⅱ)≥20 points,Sequential Organ Failure Score(SOFA)≥10 points,24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees were higher in the death group than those in the survival group(P<0.05).Elevated APACHE Ⅱ,SOFA,24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees were risk factors affecting the 28-day prognosis of patients with sepsis(P<0.05).The 24-hour ΔEa/Ees and 72-hour ΔEa/Ees were more effective in predicting the 28 d prognosis of patients with sepsis(P<0.05).Conclusion Changes of Ea/Ees can better reflect the haemodynamic changes in sepsis patients in the early stages of treatment and help to predict the 28-day prognosis of sepsis patients.