Objective:To systematically evaluate the incidence of low back pain (LBP) and analyze its main influencing factors among automobile manufacturing workers in China.Methods:In March 2024, literatures related to LBP of workers in the automotive manufacturing industry were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, and Web of Science Database. The search time range was from the establishment of the database to March 2024, and the literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After evaluating the quality of the article using the quality evaluation criteria recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in the United States, Stata 17.0 software was used for analysis. Random effects models or fixed effects models were selected based on the degree of heterogeneity to calculate the combined effect size, and subgroup analysis and analysis of influencing factors of LBP were conducted.Results:A total of 16 articles were included, with a total sample size of 22245 people. The literature quality score ranged from 6 to 8 points. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of LBP among automobile manufacturing workers in China was 32% (95% CI: 22%, 42%) . The results of subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of LBP among automotive manufacturing workers aged ≥30 years was 39% (95% CI: 22%, 57%) , which was higher than that among automotive manufacturing workers aged <30 years (24%, 95% CI: 17%, 32%) . The incidence of LBP among automotive manufacturing workers with a length of service of ≥5 years was 40% (95% CI: 23%, 56%) , which was higher than that among automotive manufacturing workers with a length of service of <5 years (24%, 95% CI: 16%, 33%) . The incidence of LBP reported from 2011 to 2017 (39%, 95% CI: 18%, 60%) was higher than that from 2018 to 2023 (28%, 95% CI: 20%, 36%) . Working in an uncomfortable posture ( OR=3.72, 95% CI: 2.05, 6.77) , standing for a long time while working ( OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.61, 2.42) , carrying heavy objects ( OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.63, 2.30) , bending over while working ( OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.60, 2.17) and frequent overtime work ( OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.44, 3.92) were both risk factors for LBP among workers in the automotive manufacturing industry ( P<0.05) , while sufficient rest time ( OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.63) was a protective factor ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The incidence of LBP among workers in China's automotive manufacturing industry is relatively high. Working in an uncomfortable posture, standing for a long time, carrying heavy objects, bending over for work, frequent overtime work and sufficient rest time are the influencing factors of LBP among workers in the automotive manufacturing industry. Preventive measures should be actively taken in response to the above influencing factors to effectively reduce the incidence of LBP among workers in China's automotive manufacturing industry.

Frostbite is the most common cold injury and is caused by both immediate cold-induced cell death and the gradual development of localized inflammation and tissue ischemia. Delayed healing of frostbite often leads to scar formation, which not only causes psychological distress but also tends to result in the development of secondary malignant tumors. Therefore, a rapid healing method for frostbite wounds is urgently needed. Herein, we used a mouse skin model of frostbite injury to evaluate the recovery process after frostbite. Moreover, single-cell transcriptomics was used to determine the patterns of changes in monocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and fibroblasts during frostbite. Most importantly, human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived skin organoids combined with gelatin-hydrogel were constructed for the treatment of frostbite. The results showed that skin organoid treatment significantly accelerated wound healing by reducing early inflammation after frostbite and increasing the proportions of epidermal stem cells. Moreover, in the later stage of wound healing, skin organoids reduced the overall proportions of fibroblasts, significantly reduced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition by regulating the integrin α5β1-FAK pathway, and remodeled the extracellular matrix (ECM) through degradation and reassembly mechanisms, facilitating the restoration of physiological ECM and reducing the abundance of ECM associated with abnormal scar formation. These results highlight the potential application of organoids for promoting the reversal of frostbite-related injury and the recovery of skin functions. This study provides a new therapeutic alternative for patients suffering from disfigurement and skin dysfunction caused by frostbite.
Animals ; Organoids/metabolism* ; Mice ; Humans ; Wound Healing ; Frostbite/metabolism* ; Skin/pathology* ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology* ; Cicatrix/pathology* ; Fibroblasts/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism* ; Male

Objective To explore the effects of graphene quantum dots(GQDs)on the reprogramming of Müller cells.Methods Müller cells were randomly divided into the control,dedifferentiation,dedifferentiation+GQD,and GQD groups.The cells in the dedifferentiation group and the dedifferentiation+GQD group were dedifferentiated using the serum-free medium containing DMEM/F12(1∶1),20 μg·L-1 EGF,10 μg·L-1 bFGF,2 × B27,and 1 × N2 for 5 d.Then,the cells in the dedifferentiation+GQD group and the GQD group were treated with 50 mg·L-1 GQDs for 72 h.The Müller cells in the control group were subjected to normal cell culture.Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the ex-pression of Müller cell markers,including glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),glutamate-aspartate transporter(GLAST),and glutamine synthetase(GS).Phalloidin staining was performed to observe whether Müller cells could take up GQDs.The effect of different concentrations of GQDs on the proliferation of Müller cells was assessed using the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay.The effect of GQDs on the expression of neural progenitor/stem cell markers(SRY-box transcription factor 2[SOX-2]and Nestin)and the astrocyte marker GFAP in normal and dedifferentiated Müller cells was examined using im-munofluorescence staining and Western blotting.Results The immunofluorescence staining results showed that the fluo-rescence of GFAP was extremely weak and almost invisible in Müller cells,while the fluorescence of GLAST and GS was extremely strong and predominantly appeared in the cytoplasm of Müller cells.After 24 h of GQD treatment,trace amounts of GQD fluorescence were visible in Müller cells.The amount of GQD fluorescence in the cytoplasm of Müller cells gradual-ly increased with time.The CCK-8 assay results showed that the activity of Müller cells tended to decrease with an increase in the treatment time and concentration of GQD.The statistical analysis results showed that the mean fluorescence intensity of GFAP,Nestin,and SOX-2 in Müller cells of the dedifferentiation,dedifferentiation+GQD,and GQD groups was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The mean fluorescence inten-sity of GFAP in the dedifferentiation+GQD group was higher than that in the dedifferentiation group,the mean fluores-cence intensity of Nestin and SOX-2 was lower than that in the dedifferentiation group,and the differences were all statisti-cally significant(P＜0.05).The relative protein expression of GFAP,Nestin,and SOX-2 in Müller cells in the dedifferentia-tion,dedifferentiation+GQD,and GQD groups was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statis-tically significant(all P＜0.05).The relative protein expression of GFAP in the dedifferentiation+GQD group was higher than that in the dedifferentiation group,the relative protein expression of Nestin and SOX-2 was lower than that in the dedi-fferentiation group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion GQDs facilitate the re-programming of Müller cells into astrocytes.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the incidence of low back pain (LBP) and analyze its main influencing factors among automobile manufacturing workers in China.Methods:In March 2024, literatures related to LBP of workers in the automotive manufacturing industry were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, and Web of Science Database. The search time range was from the establishment of the database to March 2024, and the literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After evaluating the quality of the article using the quality evaluation criteria recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in the United States, Stata 17.0 software was used for analysis. Random effects models or fixed effects models were selected based on the degree of heterogeneity to calculate the combined effect size, and subgroup analysis and analysis of influencing factors of LBP were conducted.Results:A total of 16 articles were included, with a total sample size of 22245 people. The literature quality score ranged from 6 to 8 points. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of LBP among automobile manufacturing workers in China was 32% (95% CI: 22%, 42%) . The results of subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of LBP among automotive manufacturing workers aged ≥30 years was 39% (95% CI: 22%, 57%) , which was higher than that among automotive manufacturing workers aged <30 years (24%, 95% CI: 17%, 32%) . The incidence of LBP among automotive manufacturing workers with a length of service of ≥5 years was 40% (95% CI: 23%, 56%) , which was higher than that among automotive manufacturing workers with a length of service of <5 years (24%, 95% CI: 16%, 33%) . The incidence of LBP reported from 2011 to 2017 (39%, 95% CI: 18%, 60%) was higher than that from 2018 to 2023 (28%, 95% CI: 20%, 36%) . Working in an uncomfortable posture ( OR=3.72, 95% CI: 2.05, 6.77) , standing for a long time while working ( OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.61, 2.42) , carrying heavy objects ( OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.63, 2.30) , bending over while working ( OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.60, 2.17) and frequent overtime work ( OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.44, 3.92) were both risk factors for LBP among workers in the automotive manufacturing industry ( P<0.05) , while sufficient rest time ( OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.63) was a protective factor ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The incidence of LBP among workers in China's automotive manufacturing industry is relatively high. Working in an uncomfortable posture, standing for a long time, carrying heavy objects, bending over for work, frequent overtime work and sufficient rest time are the influencing factors of LBP among workers in the automotive manufacturing industry. Preventive measures should be actively taken in response to the above influencing factors to effectively reduce the incidence of LBP among workers in China's automotive manufacturing industry.

Objective To explore the effects of graphene quantum dots(GQDs)on the reprogramming of Müller cells.Methods Müller cells were randomly divided into the control,dedifferentiation,dedifferentiation+GQD,and GQD groups.The cells in the dedifferentiation group and the dedifferentiation+GQD group were dedifferentiated using the serum-free medium containing DMEM/F12(1∶1),20 μg·L-1 EGF,10 μg·L-1 bFGF,2 × B27,and 1 × N2 for 5 d.Then,the cells in the dedifferentiation+GQD group and the GQD group were treated with 50 mg·L-1 GQDs for 72 h.The Müller cells in the control group were subjected to normal cell culture.Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the ex-pression of Müller cell markers,including glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),glutamate-aspartate transporter(GLAST),and glutamine synthetase(GS).Phalloidin staining was performed to observe whether Müller cells could take up GQDs.The effect of different concentrations of GQDs on the proliferation of Müller cells was assessed using the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay.The effect of GQDs on the expression of neural progenitor/stem cell markers(SRY-box transcription factor 2[SOX-2]and Nestin)and the astrocyte marker GFAP in normal and dedifferentiated Müller cells was examined using im-munofluorescence staining and Western blotting.Results The immunofluorescence staining results showed that the fluo-rescence of GFAP was extremely weak and almost invisible in Müller cells,while the fluorescence of GLAST and GS was extremely strong and predominantly appeared in the cytoplasm of Müller cells.After 24 h of GQD treatment,trace amounts of GQD fluorescence were visible in Müller cells.The amount of GQD fluorescence in the cytoplasm of Müller cells gradual-ly increased with time.The CCK-8 assay results showed that the activity of Müller cells tended to decrease with an increase in the treatment time and concentration of GQD.The statistical analysis results showed that the mean fluorescence intensity of GFAP,Nestin,and SOX-2 in Müller cells of the dedifferentiation,dedifferentiation+GQD,and GQD groups was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The mean fluorescence inten-sity of GFAP in the dedifferentiation+GQD group was higher than that in the dedifferentiation group,the mean fluores-cence intensity of Nestin and SOX-2 was lower than that in the dedifferentiation group,and the differences were all statisti-cally significant(P＜0.05).The relative protein expression of GFAP,Nestin,and SOX-2 in Müller cells in the dedifferentia-tion,dedifferentiation+GQD,and GQD groups was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statis-tically significant(all P＜0.05).The relative protein expression of GFAP in the dedifferentiation+GQD group was higher than that in the dedifferentiation group,the relative protein expression of Nestin and SOX-2 was lower than that in the dedi-fferentiation group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion GQDs facilitate the re-programming of Müller cells into astrocytes.

ObjectiveTo study the epidemiological characteristics of deaths due to pneumoconiosis and its complications in order to improve the prevention and management of pneumoconiosis. MethodsThe pneumoconiosis deaths who died during 1959‒2019 in Chongming District of Shanghai were investigated and analyzed retrospectively by the descriptive epidemiological methods. The correlation of the age of onset and the course of disease was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation，as well as the duration of dust exposure and the course of disease in pneumoconiosis patients. ResultsFrom 1959 to 2019， there were 226 pneumoconiosis deaths， 223 males （98.67%）. The mortality of silicosis was the highest （82.07%）. The age of onset of pneumoconiosis was negatively correlated with the course of disease （r_s=-0.596，P<0.001）.There was no correlation between the duration of dust exposure and the course of disease in pneumoconiosis patients （r_s=-0.107，P=0.109）.There were statistically significant differences in mortality among groups in different types and stages of pneumoconiosis（χ²=59.250，27.666，both P<0.05）. The mortality increased with the increase of stage of pneumoconiosis. The mortality of pneumoconiosis was significantly different in 1959‒1979， 1980‒1989， 1990‒1999， 2000‒2009 and 2010‒2019 （χ²=29.750， P<0.05）. The top three causes of death in pneumoconiosis cases were respiratory diseases， malignant tumor and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.ConclusionIt is suggested to further strengthen the health monitoring and management of pneumoconiosis patients，control lung and chronic respiratory diseases to delay the life expectancy and improve quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics, risk factors for critical illness and death of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children, so as to provide clinical evidences for early diagnosis and reliable treatment.Methods:A total of 75 pediatric cases with severe adenovirus pneumonia admitted to Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January to October 2019 were studied. The clinical features, laboratory and imaging data, therapeutic approaches, efficacy of the treatments and prognosis were investigated retrospectively. Patients were divided into severe group and critical group. Chi square test and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test were used to analyze the data of the two groups. The risk factors for critical illness and death were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Results:Among the 75 children, there were 52 males and 23 females, aged from 3 months to 8 years, including 30 of severe cases and 45 of critical case. The positive rate of adenovirus antigen in nasopharyngeal swab was 21% (15/72), and the positive rate of serum adenovirus IgM antibody was only 13% (10/75). However, the positive rate of adenovirus nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swab was 75% (21/28). What is more, the positive rates of metagenomics next generation sequencing (mNGS) in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were 92% (33/36) and 96% (54/56), respectively, of which 95% (63/66) were confirmed as adenovirus type 7. Relatively high dose of ribavirin and integrated therapeutic approaches (respiratory support, glucocorticoids, immunoglobulin and organ supportive therapies) were used. The recovery rate was 77% (58/75), the improvement rate was 8% (6/75) and the mortality rate was 15% (11/75). The proportion of children with the duration of fever longer than 3 days after ribavirin treatment in the critical group was significantly higher than that in the severe group(51% (18/35) vs. 8% (2/26), χ 2=12.949, P<0.05). The risk factors for critical illness were younger than 4 years, longer duration of fever before and after admission to PICU, oxygenation index<300 mmHg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa), ferritin>1 000 μg/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)>1 500 U/L, 5 lung lobes involvement, pleural effusion and (or) air leakage (all P<0.05). Among them, 5 lung lobes involvement was the independent risk factor for critical illness (adjusted OR=49.641, 95% CI 4.186-588.618, P=0.002). Risk factors for death included longer duration of fever after being admitted to PICU, oxygenation index<100 mmHg, ferritin>2 000 μg/L, interleukin (IL)-6>100 ng/L, LDH>1 500 U/L, pleural effusion and (or) air leakage (all P<0.05). Among them, IL-6>100 ng/L was the independent risk factor for the mortalities of critically ill children (adjusted OR=16.094, 95% CI2.059-25.787, P=0.008). Conclusions:The mortality rate of severe pediatric adenovirus pneumonia caused by adenovirus type 7 is high. High positive rates of adenovirus nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swabs and mNGS in plasma or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contribute to early diagnosis, and mNGS can also be used for serotyping. Younger children under 4 years of age, persistent fever, extensive pulmonary lesions and significantly increased inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 are warning indicators for critical illness and poor prognosis. Relatively high dose of ribavirin combined with integrated therapeutic approaches are beneficial for prognosis.

Objective To study the serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the correlation with the heart function in children with Kawasaki disease(KD), and to explore its clinical value for diagnosis of KD. Method A total of 43 children aged from 5 months to 8 years with mean age of (2.3 + 0.6) years with KD admitted from February 2007 to April 2009 were enrolled into this study as KD group, and patients with myocarditis, myocardiopathy, congenital heart disease and other primary heart disease were ruled out. Another 30 healthy children were taken as control health group. There were no significant differences in age and gender between two groups (P >0.05) .The serum levels of BNP were measured both in acute and recovery stages of KD by using ELISA. The serum levels of BNP in healthy children were measured randomly once. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular shorten fraction ( LVSF), cardiac index (CI) and left ventricular inflow velocity through the mitral annulus (including E-velocity and A-velocity) were measured by using two-dimensional echocardiography in acute and recovery stages of KD. Data were analyzed with t -test and the linear regression analysis test. Results The serum level of BNP in acute stage was (517.26 + 213.40) ng/mL and was significantly higher than that in recovery stage (91.56 + 47.97) ng/mL, and higher than that in control group (91.56 + 47.97) ng/mL (P < 0.01). The levels of LVEF, LVSF and CI in the acute stage were significantly lower than those in the recoverystage ( P < 0.0%), but there was no significant difference in E/A between acute stage and recovery stage (P > 0.05). The BNP level had negative correlation with the levels of LVEF, LVSF and CI(r = -0.63, -0.52, and - 0.53, respectively, P < 0.05), but had no significant correlation with E/A (r = - 0.18, P > 0.05). Conclusions The serum levels of BNP increase significantly in the KD patients, and have negative correlation with the levels of LVEF, LVSF and CI. The detection of serum levels of BNP has an important significance for diagnosis of KD.