Premature ejaculation refers to a sexual dysfunction in which men experience a short intravaginal ejaculation latency and a lack of control over ejaculation during sexual activity. The onset of this condition is often accompanied by anxiety and depression, which can seriously affect the quality of the patient′s sexual life and the relationship between partners. Based on the "integration of body and spirit" theory in traditional Chinese medicine, our team believes that this condition is a comorbidity of physical and spiritual factors. We propose that the core pathogenesis of this disease lies in the "loss of form and essence, impairment of spirit, and depression of the mind, "while the primary treatment principle involves "nourishing form and regulating spirit." As a result, a new diagnosis and treatment approach of "four-dimensional integration" is summarized in this study. The disease is treated through the four dimensions of shape, body, spirit, and emotion. Traditional Chinese medicine is used to adjust the shape in cases where the physical form is damaged. For individuals with depression of heart and liver qi, the treatment focuses on soothing the heart and smoothing liver qi, and the modified Wangyou Powder and Xuanzhi Decoction is used. In cases where the heart and kidney function are compromised, the treatment involves nourishing both the heart and kidney while restoring interaction between the heart and the kidney, and modified Jihuo Yansi Elixir is used. To reduce the sensitivity of the glans penis, the patient′s body is washed with a traditional Chinese medicine formula, and a delicate fumigation formula is decocted for external washing. For those who are not in tune with their god, psychological counseling can be used to regulate their spirit and advocate "self-partner" and psychotherapy. If there are issues with intimacy, partners should focus on cooperating during foreplay, sexual intercourse, and post-coital interactions. Overall, the treatment aims to harmonize the body and spirit, addressing both physical and psychological factors through a comprehensive, multi-dimensional approach. This method provides new perspectives and ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Objective: To investigate the impact of milk and egg supplementation on body composition and bone mineral density of rural primary school students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a reference for developing targeted nutritional intervention strategies. Methods: In December 2023, a cluster sampling method was adopted to select students from grades one to three in four primary schools each from Jinggu and Shidian countys of Yunnan Province, as the intervention group (662 students). Additionally, two boarding primary schools were selected from each county based on the principle of matching scale and student numbers as the control group (455 students). Starting from April 2023, the intervention group received 200 mL milk and 50 g eggs during the break on school days for 8 months, while the control group maintained their usual diet behavior. Body composition was measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and distal radial bone mineral density was assessed via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in April and December 2023. The intervention effects were analyzed by using a difference in-differences approach. Results: The final measurements of body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass and fat free mass of the intervention group and the control group of primary school students were significantly higher than the baseline values, and the net effect of milk and egg intervention on these body composition indicators was not statistically significant ( P >0.05, both before and after adjustment). In contrast, bone mineral density increased significantly by 0.02 g/cm 2 in the intervention group. The net intervention effect on bone mineral density was statistically significant ( β=0.02, 95%CI =0.00-0.04), and remained significant after model adjustment ( β=0.02, 95%CI =0.00-0.04) (both P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant effects of the intervention among girls ( β=0.02, 95%CI =0.00-0.04), day students ( β=0.04, 95%CI =0.01-0.07), and students with normal nutritional status ( β=0.02, 95%CI =0.00-0.04) (all P <0.05). No significant effect of milk and egg supplementation was observed on body composition indicators (all P <0.05). Conclusions Milk and egg supplementation can improve bone mineral density among rural primary school students in Yunnan Province. It is recommended that rural school aged children should increase intake of milk and eggs to support growth and development.

Objective To investigate the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)on cognitive function and the effective connectivity with in the default mode network(DMN)in the brain.Methods A total of 93 hospitalized patients diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled in this study as T2DM group from The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine during September 2021 to December 2022.Simultaneously,108 healthy individuals were recruited from the community as normal control(NC)group.The cognitive functions were evaluated in the two groups.A random dynamic causal modeling approach was employed to analyze the effective connectivity within DMN in both groups.Additionally,Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the association between differential connectivity,clinical indicators,and cognitive scores in both groups.Results In comparison to the NC group,T2DM individuals exhibited statistically significant reductions in scores in the auditory verbal learning test(AVLT)for immediate recall and the digit symbol substitution test(DSST)(P＜0.05).Additionally,they displayed a notable decrease in effective connectivity from the left lateral parietal cortex(LLPC)to the posterior cingulate cortex(PCC),as well as from the LLPC to the right lateral parietal cortex(RLPC)within the DMN(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis unveiled a negative association between HbA1c levels and the strength of effective connectivity from LLPC to PCC.Conversely,a positive correlation was observed between AVLT(immediate)scores and the strength of effective connectivity from LLPC to PCC and LLPC to RLPC.Additionally,DSST scores displayed a positive correlation with the strength of effective connectivity from LLPC to PCC(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with T2DM display compromised effective connectivity from LLPC to PCC and LLPC to RLPC within the DMN network,and this alteration may associated with cognitive impairment.

Transcatheter left ventricular assist pump (LVAP) is widely used in cardiogenic shock, post-circulatory hypoperfusion syndrome and high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and its application scenarios cover various complex environments such as ICU, operating room, emergency department and catheterization room. It is important to quickly and accurately implant the transcatheter LVAP and monitor its position in real time. This paper reported 2 male patients with high-risk PCI, aged 47 and 45 years, both with triple coronary artery disease and reduced ejection fraction (<35%). The domestically produced transcatheter LVAP was implanted using an echocardiography guidance technology system, and PCI treatment was performed under the assistance of the interventional pump. The operation was smooth, and the interventional pump assisted for 1 h in 2 patients, and the pump was successfully removed. There were no obvious complications related to the pump and PCI after the operation, and the patients were discharged smoothly.

Objective:To investigate the long-term clinical effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) at Hoehn-Yahr stage 2.5-5 and the differences of clinical effect among patients at different Hoehn-Yahr stages.Methods:A total of 69 PD patients (7 at Hoehn-Yahr stage 2.5, 27 at stage 3, 31 at stage 4, and 4 at stage 5) accepted DBS in Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2014 to December 2016 were selected for long-term follow-up observation at 60 months after DBS. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was evaluated in the "off" phase of the patients before DBS and the "off" phases of the drugs under DBS start-up and continuous treatment at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after DBS, respectively; Parkinson's Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and levodopa equivalent dose (LED) data were collected before and 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after DBS. DBS parameters of the patients were collected at 12 months after DBS; the total stimulation power, single pulse average energy and large single pulse energy were calculated. The differences in UPDRS-III scores, PDQ-39 scores and LEDD in these patients before DBS and at different time points after DBS were compared; the differences in UPDRS-III and PDQ-39 scores at different time points after DBS and postoperative DBS parameters at 12 months after DBS in patients at different Hoehn-Yahr stages were compared.Results:Compared with those before DBS, the UPDRS-III scores, PDQ-39 scores and LED were significantly reduced at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after DBS ( P<0.05). Significant differences in UPDRS-III scores were noted between patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 5 and Hoehn-Yahr stage 2.5 and stage 3 at 12 and 24 months after DBS ( P<0.05); however, no significant differences in UPDRS-III scores were noted between patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 5 and Hoehn-Yahr stage 4 at same time points ( P>0.05); and no significant differences in UPDRS-III scores were noted between patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 5 and patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 2.5, stage 3, and stage 4 at other time points ( P>0.05). No significant differences in PDQ-39 scores were noted between patients at different Hoehn-Yahr stages at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months after DBS ( P>0.05). No significant difference in total stimulation power, single pulse average energy or large single pulse energy was noted among patients at different Hoehn-Yahr stages at 12 months after DBS ( P>0.05). Conclusion:DBS is long-term effective in improving motor function and quality of life in PD patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 2.5-5, and patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 5 do not need higher DBS parameters to obtain similar clinical improved effects as patients at Hoehn-Yahr stage 2.5-4.

Objective:To identify and screen the differential methylation genes in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and to predict the prognosis of patients with CCA.Methods:Cholangiocarcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues of 8 patients with cholangiocarcinoma in Fujian Provincial Hospital from October 2019 to May 2020 were selected for 850K methylation sequencing analysis to obtain differentially methylated genes. The 2018 genome-wide methylation data and clinical information of 36 patients with cholangiocarcinoma were download from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the 2012 cholangiocarcinoma methylation data (GSE32879) were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the 2018 TCGA database differential survival genomic data of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of cholangiocarcinoma were download from the GEPIA2 database. The differentially methylated positions (DMP) and differentially methylated regions (DMR) results of 850K methylation sequencing analysis of submitted samples, methylated genes in TCGA and GEO databases, and cholangiocarcinoma survival genes of samples were jointly submitted for testing, multi-data set analysis was performed by the Sangerbox VENN tool, and common differentially methylated genes were obtained by intersection screening. The minimum P value method was used to determine the cut-off value of gene expression in Sangerbox, and the patients were divided into high and low expression groups of differentially methylated genes. The OS, DFS, disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free interval (DFI) and progression-free interval (PFI) of cholangiocarcinoma patients were compared between the two groups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. Results:A total of 121 954 DMP were identified by 850K methylation sequencing of cholangiocarcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues of 8 patients; a total of 1 399 differentially methylated genes were identified in DMR, and the common prognosis related genes glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 1 (GCNT1) and neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (NTRK3) were identified by intersection identification. The expression of GCNT1 in the cholangiocarcinoma tissues was higher than that in the paracancerous tissues, and the difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.040). The expression of NTRK3 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was higher than that in the paracancerous tissues, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.790). The minimum P value method was used to predict the prognosis of patients with cholangiocarcinoma based on the combined expression of GCNT1 and NTRK3, and the order was based on the sum of the expression levels of the two genes. When 30% of the ranking was taken as the cut-off value, the difference in DFS between the high expression group and the low expression group in cholangiocarcinoma was the most significant ( P < 0.001); there was no significant difference in OS between the two groups ( P = 0.065). The results of GO functional analysis showed that GCNT1 was involved in protein glycosylation, macromolecule glycosylation, glycosylation, glycoprotein biosynthetic process, glycoprotein metabolic process, transferase activity and transferring glycosyl groups, protein O-linked glycosylation, O-glycan processing, etc., and NTRK3 was involved in neurotrophin signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, ErbB signaling pathway, phospholipase D signaling pathway, central carbon metabolism in cancer, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, etc. The results of KEGG analysis showed that GCNT1 was mainly associated with system functions such as mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis and metabolic pathways, and NTRK3 was mainly associated with cell surface receptor pathways, intracellular signal transduction, positive regulation of stimulatory responses, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway, enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway cascade and regulation, protein phosphorylation signal transduction and other system functions. Conclusions:The expressions of differentially methylated genes GCTNT1 and NTRK3 in cholangiocarcinoma have certain predictive effects on the prognosis of patients with cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and minimally invasive interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods:Data of 40 patients with I-II degree single level degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis from January 2018 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the operation procedure, they were divided into two groups: OLIF group and MI-TLIF group, and each group had 20 patients. There were 15 males and 5 females in the OLIF group, aged 50.3±8.8 years; and there were 13 males and 7 females in the MI-TLIF group, aged 51.7±8.7 years. According to the Meyerding's grade system, there were 16 patients of type I in the OLIF group and 15 cases in the MI-TLIF group; and there were 4 patients of type II in the OLIF group and 5 cases in the MI-TLIF group. The operation time, intra-operative hemorrhage, postoperative drainage, recessive blood loss and albumin loss were recorded. The CRP and ESR on the third day after operation, the VAS score and ODI score before and after operation were recorded. The lumbar lordosis (LL), fused segmental lordosis (FSL) and disc height (DH) before and after operation were recorded. The time of getting out of bed and walking and the hospital stay were recorded. Paired t-test was used to analyze the data.Results:Forty patients successfully underwent the operation. The operation time of OLIF group was 96±20 min, with intraoperative blood loss of 61±32 ml and postoperative drainage volume of 18±8 ml. The operation time of MI-TLIF group was 132±26 min, with intraoperative blood loss of 262±102 ml and postoperative drainage volume of 95±42 ml; and there was statistical difference between the two groups ( t=4.901, 8.404, 8.064; P< 0.001). On the third day after operation, the occult blood loss was 139±47 ml in the OLIF group and 486±192 ml in the MI-TLIF group; the albumin loss was 4.2±1.9 g/L in the OLIF group and 10.2±3.9 g/L in the MI-TLIF group; CRP was 34±11 mg/L in the OLIF group and 106±39 mg/L in the MI-TLIF group; ESR was 41±15 mm/1 h in the OLIF group and 71±24 mm/1 h in the MI-TLIF group, and there all were statistical differences between the two groups ( t=7.838, 6.184, 7.983, 4.675; P< 0.001). The VAS scores were 2.2±1.5, 1.8±1.3 and ODI scores were 14%±11%, 59%±17%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The LL were 33.41°±9.25°, 32.07°±9.54°, FSL were 11.59°±5.09°, 10.61°±4.56° and DH were 10.35±2.30 mm, 10.85±1.85 mm, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The follow-up time was 13.5±2.3 months in the OLIF group and 14.1±2.8 months in the MI-TLIF group. Three patients in the MI-TLIF group had radiation pain in the lower extremity on the third day after operation, which relieved after NSAID drugs and mannitol treatment. In the group of OLIF, the skin temperature of the left lower extremity increased in 1 case on the first day after operation, in which sympathetic chain injury was considered, and the patient recovered after 2.5 months; in the group of OLIF, the numbness in the front of the left thigh and the weakness of flexion of the hip was found in 3 cases, in which the edema or injury of the psoas major muscle was considered. Conclusion:Compared with MI-TLIF in the treatment of I, II degree single segment degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, OLIF has the advantages of shorter operation time, less intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, lower inflammation index, earlier time to get out of bed and shorter hospital stay. However, the outcomes of the two surgeries were similar.

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and characteristics of children infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City.Methods:The clinical data of 146 children diagnosed with 2019 novel coronavirus infection by nasopharyngeal swab real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 21 to February 24, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The basic data, clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations, pulmonary imaging, clinical classification, treatment medication and the prognosis of disease were included for analysis.Results:Among the 146 cases, 86 (58.9%) were males and 60 (41.1%) were females, with a median age of 6 years and 10 months.Three cases (2.1%) had a history of underlying diseases, 127 cases (87.0%) had a clear history of infected family clusters, and two cases (1.4%) had a history of exposure with Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan City. The clinical classifications included 20 asymptomatic cases (13.7%), 26 mild cases (17.8%), 99 ordinary cases (67.8%), and one critical case (0.7%). A total of 146 patients were tested positive for nasopharyngeal swabs by 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. Among them, 10 patients had a negative nasopharyngeal swab nucleic acid test before diagnosis, and one of them had a negative nasopharyngeal swab nucleic acid test for two consecutive times. The initial symptoms were mainly fever (59 cases, 40.4%) and cough (52 cases, 35.6%). Thirteen cases (8.9%) showed decreased leukocyte counts and three cases (2.1%) showed decreased lymphocyte counts. In addition, aspartate aminotransferase increased in 23 cases (15.8%), serum creatinine increased in seven cases (4.8%), lactic acid dehydrogenase increased in 26 cases (17.8%), and C reactive protein increased in 38 cases (26.0%). Fifty-nine cases (40.4%) were tested positive for IgM antibody to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. One hundred cases (68.5%) were abnormal in pulmonary imaging and 50 cases (34.2%) presented with multiple frosted glass shadows. All the 146 children were given general treatment, and the antiviral treatment was mainly interferon or interferon combined with oral medication. As of February 24, 2020, 72 cases (49.3%) were discharged from the hospital after reaching the de-isolation standard, with a median length of stay of 10 days, and there was no death case.Conclusions:Children with 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan City are mainly caused by family aggregation. The clinical classification is mainly ordinary type, and the laboratory examination has no specificity. Specimens could be collected from multiple repeatable sites for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test in suspected cases. Chest computed tomography has certain value for the diagnosis of children with 2019-nCoV infection. The recent prognosis of the patients is good with general treatment.

Objectives: To propose a novel clinical classification system of gallbladder cancer, and to investigate the differences of clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis based on patients who underwent radical resection with different types of gallbladder cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 1 059 patients with gallbladder cancer underwent radical resection in 12 institutions in China from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.There were 389 males and 670 females, aged (62.0±10.5)years(range:22-88 years).According to the location of tumor and the mode of invasion,the tumors were divided into peritoneal type, hepatic type, hepatic hilum type and mixed type, the surgical procedures were divided into regional radical resection and extended radical resection.The correlation between different types and T stage, N stage, vascular invasion, neural invasion, median survival time and surgical procedures were analyzed.Rates were compared by χ² test, survival analysis was carried by Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank test. Results: Regional radical resection was performed in 940 cases,including 81 cases in T1 stage,859 cases in T2-T4 stage,119 cases underwent extended radical resection;R0 resection was achieved in 990 cases(93.5%).The overall median survival time was 28 months.There were 81 patients in Tis-T1 stage and 978 patients in T2-T4 stage.The classification of gallbladder cancer in patients with T2-T4 stage: 345 cases(35.3%)of peritoneal type, 331 cases(33.8%) of hepatic type, 122 cases(12.5%) of hepatic hilum type and 180 cases(18.4%) of mixed type.T stage(χ²=288.60,P<0.01),N stage(χ²=68.10, P<0.01), vascular invasion(χ²=128.70, P<0.01)and neural invasion(χ²=54.30, P<0.01)were significantly correlated with the classification.The median survival time of peritoneal type,hepatic type,hepatic hilum type and mixed type was 48 months,21 months,16 months and 11 months,respectively(χ²=80.60,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in median survival time between regional radical resection and extended radical resection in the peritoneal type,hepatic type,hepatic hilum type and mixed type(all P>0.05). Conclusion With application of new clinical classification, different types of gallbladder cancer are proved to be correlated with TNM stage, malignant biological behavior and prognosis, which will facilitate us in preoperative evaluation,surgical planning and prognosis evaluation.

Objective This study aimed to examine temporal trends in all cancer-eliminated life expectancy and potential years of life lost (PYLL) in Kunshan city, Jiangsu province, between 1981 and 2015. Methods Data were collected from the vital records of Kunshan city. Cancer-eliminated life expectancy and PYLL were calculated by sex,and the Chinese population from the year 2000 was used to calculate age-standardized PYLL. Estimated annual percentage changes (APC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to examine temporal trends in increased cancer-eliminated life expectancy. Results Between 1981 and 2015,there was a significant decrease in age-standardized PYLL among males (APC=-2.31%, 95% CI:-2.51% to-2.11%) and females (APC=-1.91%, 95% CI:-2.26% to-1.56%). However, an increase was found in cancer-eliminated life expectancy in males and females, from 3.23 to 4.72 years in males(APC=2.42%,95% CI:1.64% to 3.20%)and from 1.10 to 2.94 years in females(APC=3.91%, 95% CI: 1.78% to 6.04%). Conclusion An overall decrease in age-standardized PYLL was observed when all cancers were considered,and an increase in cancer-eliminated life expectancy was found, suggesting that premature deaths due to cancers were reduced gradually. However, the negative effects of cancer on the health of the whole population have not been fully alleviated.