Objective To explore the potential categories of health risk behaviors among students aged 11 to 18 years in Minhang District,Shanghai in order to identify the influencing factors of health risk behaviors among different categories of students.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling techniques,a random selection of 1 690 middle school students from Minhang District,Shanghai,were chosen as the study sample.Data was collected using the"Shanghai Adolescent Health-Related Behavior Survey Questionnaire"to assess participants'scores on six categories of health risk behaviors.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was employed to cluster students'health risk behaviors,and a multifactorial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related influencing factors.Results The health risk behaviors of students aged 11 to 18 in Minhang District,Shanghai,were categorized into 3 groups:Class 1,comprising 915 students(54.14%),with moderate to low scores in health risk behaviors,named"the group with moderately low levels of various health risk behaviors";Class 2,comprising 539 students(31.89%),with higher scores in psychological addiction,named"the group with psychological addiction as the prominent health risk behavior";Class 3,comprising 236 students(13.97%),with higher scores in substance addiction,named"the group with substance addiction as the prominent health risk behavior".The results of the univariate analysis for the three potential categories of student health risk behaviors show that there are statistically significant differences in the 3 potential categories of health risk behaviors among students of different schools,ages,ethnicities,and boarding situations(P<0.05).The analysis results of the multivariate Logistic regression indicate that compared to junior high school students,both senior high school students and vocational high school students have a higher risk of exhibiting unhealthy behaviors characterized by psychological addiction and substance addiction,with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The latent profile analysis reveals three distinct categories of health risk behaviors among students aged 11 to 18 years in Minhang District,Shanghai,with significant distribution differences among students from diverse backgrounds.Consequently,it is recommended that tailored health education and intervention measures be implemented for students with different school characteristics and at various educational stages.

Lens injury is an important etiological factor in the reduction of visual function following ocular trauma.Currently, there are no clear standards for the classification of lens injury, and comprehensive diagnostic tools are lacking.This deficiency leads to numerous controversies and challenges in critical areas, such as diagnosis and preoperative evalution, timing of surgery, surgical strategy, and assessment of postoperative prognosis.Tomographic imaging technology, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography, has introduced a new dimension to the evaluation of lens injury, which is crucial for assessing the transparency, texture, location, morphology, and integrity of the lens, as well as the zonules and nearby intraocular structures.However, the use of tomographic imaging technology is somewhat limited due to the limitations of relying on a single method.With the ongoing advancement of imaging technologies and the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence, tomographic imaging will become an increasingly essential tool in the future management of lens injury.Our expert group reviewed the epidemiological characteristics and classification of lens injury and the major challenges currently faced in the diagnosis and treatment of lens injury, and provided expert recommendations mainly focusing on the application, shortcomings and limitations of current tomographic imaging technology in the diagnosis and treatment of lens injury, and future development directions.

This study aimed to identify,characterize,and functionally analyze the CYP450 gene fam-ily within Hyalomma asiaticum unfed nymphs(HasiUN)under regular physiological conditions,laying the groundwork for further study into the biosynthesis and metabolism of exogenous sub-stances associated with the CYP450 gene in HasiUN.Through our methods,we identified and characterized HasiUNCYP450 genes.We then annotated them using the gene ontology(GO)and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG).This was achieved with the help of bioinforma-tics,based on the transcriptome of 2-week-old HasiUN.Further on,we conducted a preliminary a-nalysis of tissue expression,distribution,and potential function with qRT-PCR and network inter-action predictions.Our analyses showed that 87 HasiUN CYP450 genes,ranging in size from 1089 to 1692 bp,encoded predominantly basic,hydrophilic,and unstable protein sequences.These se-quences had nearly identical numbers of transmembrane regions,both with and without a signal peptide.Phylogenetic and domain analyses indicated that HasiUN CYP450,having a complete CYP450 domain,were distributed among various clans,with most members found in clan 3.CYP20 clans,present in 13 species from 2 families and 7 genera,required either one-host or three-hosts to undergo their full life cycle.MEME analysis results hint at different clans having variations in the amount and combination of motifs.Expression level analysis showed that HasiUN CYP450 was expressed at different levels,with the highest distribution of normally expressed genes in clan 3 and low expression of all mito clan genes.Functional annotation revealed HasiUN CYP450 key as-sociation with biological processes,metabolism,and organismal systems according to the GO and KEGG annotations.Distribution results showed that HasiUN CYP20a1 was expressed in specific tissues,including salivary glands and ovaries.Functional analysis points to CYP20a1's role in UV-induced toxic metabolism,endocrine disruptor metabolism,and hazardous substance metabolism in the nervous system.Our research presents the first analysis of HasiUN CYP450 gene's biological characteristics and expression pattern under normal physiological conditions.Additionally,investi-gations into the distribution and function of a new category,HasiUN CYP20a1,were embarked upon.These findings establish a theoretical foundation for continued functional study of HasiUN CYP45 gene.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of Shengmai Yin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in-jury(MI/RI)in vitro and in vivo and to unravel the underlying mechanism.Methods SD rats were divid-ed into the sham group,model group,and Shengmai Yin group(SM).Rat MI/RI model was established.Cardiac function,infarct area,pathological changes,cardiomyocyte apoptosis,macrophage infiltration,and serum cTnT and CK-MB levels were measured.The mRNA and protein expressions of Calpain-1 and Cal-pain-2 were assessed.The hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)model was constructed in H9c2 cells.The active ingredients of Shengmai Yin were screened using net-work pharmacology and verified by CCK-8.In the car-diomyocytes H/R model,Fluo-4 AM staining was used to detect the changes of Ca2+levels.Results Com-pared with model group,LVEF and LVFS of Shengmai Yin-treated rats increased,myocardial infarction area was reduced,while myocardial tissue injury was allevi-ated.Myocardial apoptosis rate and the number of macrophages were reduced.Similarly,cTnT and CK-MB levels decreased.In addition,the expression lev-els of Calpain-1 and Calpain-2 mRNA and protein de-creased in the SM treatment group.Under the H/R model,all the active ingredients of Shengmai decoction had protective effects on cardiomyocytes,and the treat-ment could reduce the level of Ca2+in cardiomyocytes.Conclusions Shengmai Yin has protective effects on MI/RI in rats.This effect may be related to the de-crease in Ca2+levels,as well as Calpain-1 and Calap-in-2 mRNA and protein expression.

Lens injury is an important etiological factor in the reduction of visual function following ocular trauma.Currently, there are no clear standards for the classification of lens injury, and comprehensive diagnostic tools are lacking.This deficiency leads to numerous controversies and challenges in critical areas, such as diagnosis and preoperative evalution, timing of surgery, surgical strategy, and assessment of postoperative prognosis.Tomographic imaging technology, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography, has introduced a new dimension to the evaluation of lens injury, which is crucial for assessing the transparency, texture, location, morphology, and integrity of the lens, as well as the zonules and nearby intraocular structures.However, the use of tomographic imaging technology is somewhat limited due to the limitations of relying on a single method.With the ongoing advancement of imaging technologies and the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence, tomographic imaging will become an increasingly essential tool in the future management of lens injury.Our expert group reviewed the epidemiological characteristics and classification of lens injury and the major challenges currently faced in the diagnosis and treatment of lens injury, and provided expert recommendations mainly focusing on the application, shortcomings and limitations of current tomographic imaging technology in the diagnosis and treatment of lens injury, and future development directions.

The commonly used mechanical thrombectomy devices were introduced in terms of the working principle,advantages,disadvantages and clinical effects.The complications by mechanical thrombectomy devices used for thrombosis clearance were summarized,and the causes were analyzed and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.It's pointed out mechanical thrombectomy devices would be improved in intelligence,automation,precision,individualization and remote control in the future.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):79-85]

Objective To explore the value of inflammatory markers in predicting paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity(PSH)after traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods A total of 84 TBI patients who were admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University)from Dec.2016 to Nov.2020 were retrospectively analyzed.They were classified into PSH group(n=41)and non-PSH group(n=43)according to whether PSH occurred during hospitalization.The baseline data and laboratory results of the 2 groups were collected and compared.Kendall correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between inflammatory markers and the occurrence of PSH after TBI,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of inflammatory markers to PSH.Results There were no significant differences in baseline data,including age,gender,or Glasgow coma scale score,between the 2 groups(all P＞0.05).Compared with patients in the non-PSH group,the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),neutrophils and leukocytes in the PSH group were significantly increased(all P＜0.05).NLR,SII and neutrophil were positively correlated with PSH(r=0.360,0.308,0.289;all P＜0.01),with the corresponding ROC area under curve values being 0.752,0.716 and 0.702,respectively.Conclusion NLR,SII and neutrophils have a value in predicting the occurrence of PSH after TBI.

Objective To investigate the population composition,seasonal dynamics,and infestation levels of cockroaches in Lanzhou,China,and to provide information for the scientific development of cockroach control strategies.Methods Monitoring was conducted at three locations using the sticky trap method.Habitats included farm product markets,catering establishments,hotels,hospitals,and residential areas.Results From 2016 to 2023,the average cockroach density was 0.77 insects per board,with an average infestation rate of 10.84%.Blattella germanica was the dominant species.Seasonal density of cockroaches showed an approximately unimodal distribution,peaking in September.The highest average density and infestation rates were observed in farm product markets.Conclusions Cockroach density and infestation levels in Lanzhou remained relatively low.A comprehensive prevention and control strategy focusing on environmental management in key areas should be implemented according to the seasonal fluctuations.

Objective This study aimed to investigate natural infection of rodents with Ehrlichia and Neoehrlichia at major Chinese land-border ports along the"Belt and Road".Methods In 2022,rodents were monitored in 10 ports in northern and southern China and identified based on diagnostic morphological characteristics.The 16S rRNA genes of Ehrlichia and Neoehrlichia were detected by PCR using universal primers from rodent samples and phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the sequences of the detected positive pathogens.Results A total of 356 rodents were sampled,including 2 orders,5 families,15 genera,and 20 species.Predominantly,73,61,56,and 58 were Meriones unguiculatus(20.51%),Rattus norvegicus(17.13%),Apodemus agrarius(15.73%),and Microtus gregalis(16.29%).Only one Microtus fortis from Suifenghe Port was infected with Ehrlichia sp.Moreover,12 rodents were infected with Neoehrlichia spp.(overall positivity rate:3.37%).Conclusions Natural infections with Ehrlichia spp.and Neoehrlichia spp.were demonstrated in rodents at important Chinese land-border ports.The positivity rate of Neoehrlichia spp.was high in some ports,indicating that surveillance for ticks and their prevention and control measures should be intensified in these regions.

Objective To explore the potential categories of health risk behaviors among students aged 11 to 18 years in Minhang District,Shanghai in order to identify the influencing factors of health risk behaviors among different categories of students.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling techniques,a random selection of 1 690 middle school students from Minhang District,Shanghai,were chosen as the study sample.Data was collected using the"Shanghai Adolescent Health-Related Behavior Survey Questionnaire"to assess participants'scores on six categories of health risk behaviors.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was employed to cluster students'health risk behaviors,and a multifactorial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related influencing factors.Results The health risk behaviors of students aged 11 to 18 in Minhang District,Shanghai,were categorized into 3 groups:Class 1,comprising 915 students(54.14%),with moderate to low scores in health risk behaviors,named"the group with moderately low levels of various health risk behaviors";Class 2,comprising 539 students(31.89%),with higher scores in psychological addiction,named"the group with psychological addiction as the prominent health risk behavior";Class 3,comprising 236 students(13.97%),with higher scores in substance addiction,named"the group with substance addiction as the prominent health risk behavior".The results of the univariate analysis for the three potential categories of student health risk behaviors show that there are statistically significant differences in the 3 potential categories of health risk behaviors among students of different schools,ages,ethnicities,and boarding situations(P<0.05).The analysis results of the multivariate Logistic regression indicate that compared to junior high school students,both senior high school students and vocational high school students have a higher risk of exhibiting unhealthy behaviors characterized by psychological addiction and substance addiction,with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The latent profile analysis reveals three distinct categories of health risk behaviors among students aged 11 to 18 years in Minhang District,Shanghai,with significant distribution differences among students from diverse backgrounds.Consequently,it is recommended that tailored health education and intervention measures be implemented for students with different school characteristics and at various educational stages.