This paper primarily reviews the current research status of passive and active monitoring methods for interventional radiology personnel, encompassing the types and wearing positions of personal dosimeters, simulation results versus measured outcomes, and discrepancies between different simulation results. By reviewing domestic and international literature, it lists effective dose estimation formulas for single- and dual-dosimeter systems developed by various researchers worldwide. Recommendations are proposed based on the current dosimeter wearing practices among interventional radiology staff, providing reference for the formulation of relevant standards.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of evolocumab combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of patients with borderline coronary heart disease （CHD）. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study， 342 hospitalized patients diagnosed with borderline CHD were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College from August 2021 to June 2024， and divided into control group （treated with atorvastatin， 190 cases） and trial group （treated with evolocumab combined with atorvastatin， 152 cases） according to therapeutic regimen. Blood lipid indexes， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） and intravascular ultrasound of the coronary artery at baseline and after 1 year of treatment， and incidence of cardiovascular adverse events were compared after propensity score matching. RESULTS A total of 295 patients （158 in control group and 137 in trial group） were finally included in the analysis. One year after the treatment， compared with control group， total cholesterol， triglycerides， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hs-CRP levels were decreased significantly in trial group （ P ＜0.05）， whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was increased significantly （ P ＜0.05）. The lumen diameter， lumen area， and the minimum lumen area were significantly increased （ P ＜0.05）， while plaque area and plaque burden were significantly decreased （ P ＜0.05）. Overall incidence of adverse events in trial group was significantly lower than that in control group （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Evolocumab combined with atorvastatin can significantly improve coronary luminal narrowing and reduce plaque burden， as well as reduce the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events in patients with borderline CHD.

Objective To evaluate the influence of the wearing position of dosimeters outside lead aprons on effective dose estimation for interventional radiology workers, analyze the differences between single and double dosimeter methods in effective dose estimation, and provide a reference for the personal dose monitoring of interventional radiology workers. Methods This study employed a combined approach of on-site monitoring and Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the impact of the wearing position of dosimeters outside lead aprons on effective dose estimation, as well as the differences between effective doses measured using single and double dosimeters. Interventional radiology workers wore dosimeters at three positions: the neck outside the lead collar, the left chest outside the lead apron, and inside the lead apron. Effective doses were estimated using the single and double dosimeter methods specified in GBZ 128-2019 Specifications for individual monitoring of occupational external exposure, and the impact of different wearing positions on the estimation results was compared. Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations were used to model dose distributions at the neck outside the lead collar and at the left chest outside the lead apron for operators performing cardiovascular interventions under tube voltages of 70, 80, 90, and 100 kVp and exposure angles of posteroanterior (PA), anteroposterior (AP), and left anterior oblique 45° (LAO45°) positions. The study assessed the impact of dosimeter wearing position on effective dose estimation. Results Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that neck doses consistently exceeded left chest doses across different tube voltages and exposure angles, with neck-to-chest dose ratios of 0.80-0.90. Under identical tube voltage conditions, AP showed the highest doses, followed by LAO45°, and PA demonstrated the lowest doses. The single and double dosimeter methods exhibited consistent patterns in effective dose estimation. Single dosimeter method generally yielded higher effective doses with relative deviations of 9.9% to 83%, though these deviations decreased under high tube voltages. Field monitoring data indicated that most interventional radiology workers maintained relative deviations between single and double dosimeter calculations below 6%, with neck-to-chest dose ratios of 0.95-1.1. The estimation patterns remained consistent across both methods, though single dosimeter method showed slightly higher results. Conclusion Under PA, AP, or LAO45°, the doses at the neck consistently exceeded those at the left chest. Therefore, when wearing lead protective equipment, the dosimeter should be properly positioned at the neck outside the lead collar to accurately reflect the radiation doses of surgeons. Some interventional radiology workers improperly positioned the dosimeter (intended at the neck outside the lead collar) at the left chest outside the lead apron, and this may result in an underestimation of the effective dose.

Objective:To explore the categories of benefit finding among gastric cancer patients, analyze the differences and influencing factors among different groups, and provide reference for clinical nursing.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 279 hospitalized gastric cancer patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2024 to May 2024. The general information investigation, Benefit Finding Scale, Health-Related Hardiness Scale, Chronic Diseases Risk Perception Questionnaire and Distress Disclosure Index were used for cross-sectional survey. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the potential categories of benefit finding in patients with gastric cancer, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related influencing factors.Results:A total of 266 valid questionnaires were returned, including 195 males and 71 females, with an age of (63.77 ± ?9.36) years. And three latent profiles of benefit finding were identified: low benefit-low growth group (31.96%, 85/266), moderate benefit group (37.59%, 100/266), and high benefit-health behavior group (30.45%, 81/266). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the moderate benefit group, the patients with course of disease<6 months ( OR = 0.344, 95% CI 0.160-0.737), cancer stage Ⅰ ( OR = 0.050, 95% CI 0.004-0.589), and highrisk perception ( OR = 0.935, 95% CI 0.878-0.996) were more likely to enter the low benefit-low growth group, and the patients without comorbidities ( OR = 2.520, 95% CI 1.250-5.081) and high self-disclosure ( OR = 1.137, 95% CI 1.007-1.283) were more likely to enter the moderate benefit group (all P<0.05). Compared with the high benefit-health behavior group, patients withcourse of disease<6 months ( OR = 0.108, 95% CI 0.039-0.301) were more likely to enter the low benefit-low growth group, male ( OR = 3.088, 95% CI 1.407-9.106), chemotherapy only ( OR = 6.515, 95% CI 2.034-20.864) and high health-related hardiness ( OR = 1.146, 95% CI 1.096-1.199) were more likely to enter the high benefit-health behavior group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The benefit finding of gastric cancer patients has obvious classification characteristics. Clinical nursing staff should consider targeted interventions according to the characteristics of different categories of gastric cancer patients, encourage patients to face the disease with a positive attitude, and enhance patients′mental health literacy.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a genotyping method for Diego, MNS and Kell blood groups based on quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) technology, and preliminarily apply it to the screening of rare blood groups in blood donors. METHODS: Blood group gene standards containing heterozygous and homozygous alleles were prepared by blood group serological and PCR-SBT methods. Specific amplification primers and hybridization probes were designed, and explore to establish the qPCR method for detecting Diego, MNS, and Kell blood group genotypes. Then the established qPCR method was used to identify blood group genotypes of 186 blood donor samples. RESULTS: A method based on qPCR technology was established to identify Dia/Dib, S/s and K/k blood group antigens. The genotyping results of the gene standard samples were consistent with the serological testing results and genotypes detected by PCR-SBT. qPCR testing of 186 samples identified 11 cases of DI*A/B heterozygosity and 19 cases of GYPB*S/s heterozygosity, and the rest were DI*B/B, GYPB*s/s, KEL*02/02 homozygosity. No rare blood group genotypes of DI*A/A, GYPB*S/S, KEL*01.01/01.01 were found. CONCLUSION The established qPCR method is suitable for genotyping on Diego, MNS and Kell blood group, and it can be used for batch screening of blood donors and the establishment of rare blood group bank.
Humans ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques/methods* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Blood Group Antigens/genetics* ; Kell Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Blood Donors ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/methods* ; Erythrocytes ; MNSs Blood-Group System/genetics*

Mutations in the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 gene (CDKL5) cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder, yet the impact of truncating mutations remains unclear. Here, we introduce the Cdkl5^492stop mouse model, mimicking C-terminal truncating mutations in patients. 492stop/Y mice exhibit altered dendritic spine morphology and spontaneous seizure-like behaviors, alongside other behavioral deficits. After creating cell lines with various Cdkl5 truncating mutations, we found that these mutations are regulated by the nonsense-mediated RNA decay pathway. Most truncating mutations result in CDKL5 protein loss, leading to multiple disease phenotypes, and offering new insights into the pathogenesis of CDKL5 disorder.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency* ; Mutation/genetics* ; Epileptic Syndromes/genetics* ; Humans ; Dendritic Spines/pathology* ; Spasms, Infantile/genetics* ; Male ; Seizures/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

OBJECTIVE: Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection frequently develop central nervous system damage, yet the mechanisms driving this pathology remain unclear. This study investigated the primary pathways and key factors underlying brain tissue damage induced by the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant (lineage B.1.351). METHODS: K18-hACE2 and C57BL/6 mice were intranasally infected with the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant. Viral replication, pathological phenotypes, and brain transcriptomes were analyzed. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed to identify altered pathways. Expression changes of host genes were verified using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. RESULTS: Pathological alterations were observed in the lungs of both mouse strains. However, only K18-hACE2 mice exhibited elevated viral RNA loads and infectious titers in the brain at 3 days post-infection, accompanied by neuropathological injury and weight loss. GO analysis of infected K18-hACE2 brain tissue revealed significant dysregulation of genes associated with innate immunity and antiviral defense responses, including type I interferons, pro-inflammatory cytokines, Toll-like receptor signaling components, and interferon-stimulated genes. Neuroinflammation was evident, alongside activation of apoptotic and pyroptotic pathways. Furthermore, altered neural cell marker expression suggested viral-induced neuroglial activation, resulting in caspase 4 and lipocalin 2 release and disruption of neuronal molecular networks. CONCLUSION These findings elucidate mechanisms of neuropathogenicity associated with the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant and highlight therapeutic targets to mitigate COVID-19-related neurological dysfunction.
Animals ; COVID-19/genetics* ; Mice ; Brain/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology* ; Pyroptosis ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Transcriptome ; Male ; Female

Objective:To systematically evaluate and integrate the disease experience and needs of gastric cancer patients, so as to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical nursing.Methods:Qualitative studies on gastric cancer patients' experiences and needs during the disease process were electronically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biomedical Database. The search period was from database establishment to February 2024. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. Meta-synthesis of results was performed using the aggregative synthesis.Results:A total of 13 papers were included, and 50 themes were distilled and summarized to form 11 new categories and three integrative results, including suffering and challenges from illness, self-adjustment and the search for a new normal in life, and undermet needs.Conclusions:Gastric cancer patients face a variety of significant challenges and changes during the course of their disease. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the patients' disease experience and physical and mental needs, and construct personalized care plans for gastric cancer patients to help them coexist with the disease and achieve life reconstruction.

Objective:To summarize the best evidence for neck and shoulder function rehabilitation strategies in postoperative patients with head and neck tumors.Methods:Evidence-based questions were constructed according to the population, intervention, professional, outcome, setting, type of evidence (PIPOST), and the literature on neck and shoulder function rehabilitation strategies for postoperative patients with head and neck tumors was electronically searched in databases and websites such as UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Guidelines International Network, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Medlive, PubMed, Embase, CHINAL, Web of Science, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data. The search period spanned from the establishment of the database to April 1, 2024. Two researchers screened the literature, evaluated the methodological quality of the literature, and extracted and summarized the evidence.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, including two clinical decisions, two guidelines, two expert consensus, four systematic reviews, three randomized controlled trials, and one quasi-experiment. Twenty-two pieces of evidence were summarized from six aspects of multidisciplinary collaboration, neck and shoulder functional assessment, neck and shoulder functional training, physical therapy, prevention, and follow-up.Conclusions:The best evidence for neck and shoulder function rehabilitation strategies for postoperative patients with head and neck tumors summarized is scientific and clinically applicable. Healthcare professionals need to select and apply the best evidence in a targeted manner, considering the clinical context.

Objective:To observe the effect of combine treatment of butorphanol combined with esketamine in patients with remifentanil induced hyperalgesia after laparoscopic gynecological surgery.Methods:Based on randomized double-blind controlled trial,120 patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery in our hospital from April 2023 to October 2024 were divided into control group 1(received esketamine treatment,n=40),control group 2(received butorphanol treatment,n=40),and study group(received butorphanol combined with esketamine treatment,n=40).The awakening time,extubation time,mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),visual pain analog scale(VAS)score,ramsay sedation score,and incidence of adverse reactions among three groups were compared.Results:The awakening time and extubation time in the study group were shorter than those in the control group 1 and control group 2(P＜0.05).The MAP and HR in the study group were lower than those in the control group 1 and control group 2 at 30 minutes,60 minutes after extubation(P＜0.05).The VAS scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group 1 and control group 2 at 30 minutes,60 minutes after extubation(P＜0.05).The ramsay sedation scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group 1 and control group 2 at 30 minutes,60 minutes after extubation(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Butorphanol combined with esketamine can further alleviate remifentanil induced hyperalgesia after laparoscopic gynecological surgery,exert good sedative and analgesic effects,maintain hemodynamic stability,and have good safety.