Objective:To investigate the relationship between the severity of pharyngolaryngeal sensory impairment and swallowing biomechanics as well as the risk of penetration-aspiration in patients with dysphagia following infratentorial stroke.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 51 patients with dysphagia following infratentorial stroke hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2022 and December 2023. Participants were categorized into three groups: normal sensation group [15 males, 2 females; age range 29-76 (56.0±13.3)years], diminished sensation group[16 males, 3 females; age range 38-80(62.0±11.8)years], and absent sensation group [14 males, 1 female; age range 44-75 (60.0±9.7)years]. All patients underwent laryngoscopy and videofluoroscopic swallowing study, which included pharyngolaryngeal sensory testing and Penetration-Aspiration Scale assessment. Swallowing temporal parameters were quantitatively analyzed. Group comparisons for different variable types were conducted using the Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The correlation between sensory groups and Penetration-Aspiration Scale scores was assessed using Spearman′s correlation analysis. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the impact of pharyngolaryngeal sensory function on penetration-aspiration events.Results:Among the 51 patients, 33.33% (17/51) had normal pharyngolaryngeal sensation, while, 66.67% (34/51) exhibited sensory impairment. The normal sensation group exhibited a significantly longer laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) time [792 (643, 1 205) ms] compared to the diminished [528 (380, 776) ms] and absent sensation groups [380 (322, 404) ms] ( H=6.502, P=0.039). Additionally, the upper esophageal sphincter opening time was longer in the normal sensation group than in the absent sensation group [528 (371, 710) ms vs 182 (0, 710) ms, H=6.003, P=0.049]. Correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between the severity of sensory impairment and Penetration-Aspiration Scale scores ( r=-0.366, P=0.008). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that greater sensory impairment was an independent risk factor for penetration-aspiration ( OR=9.29, 95%CI=1.57-54.77, P=0.014). Conclusion:Pharyngolaryngeal sensory deficits are common after infratentorial stroke dysphagia and are significantly associated with impaired swallowing biomechanics and increased aspiration risk. The severity of sensory deficit is a key determinant of penetration-aspiration risk, highlighting its value in risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making for dysphagia.

Aim To explore the mechanism by which the compound Chaijin Jieyu formula(CCJJY)regulates the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway to inhibit central oxidative stress and improve hippocampal synaptic plasticity damage in depression.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,chronic unpredictable mild stress group,sleep deprivation group,chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with sleep deprivation group,positive drug group(venlafax-ine+melatonin),low-dose group of CCJJY,medium dose group of CCJJY,and high-dose group of CCJJY,with nine rats in each group.Except for the control group,a rat model of depression complicated with in-somnia was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with sleep deprivation.Depres-sion-like and sleep behaviors in rats were evaluated through weight,food intake,water maze,and pento-barbital sodium tests.ELisa was used to detect ROS,AANAT,and HPLC-EC was used to detect 5-HT con-tent,while Western blot/RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-1β,TLR4,NLRP3,PSD-95,and SYN related proteins and mRNA.HE and Golgic stai-ning were used to observe the pathological changes in the third ventricle,hippocampus,and neuronal synap-ses.Results Compared with the control group,the depression-like behaviors of the model group rats were significant.The expression of IL-1β,TLR4,and NL-RP3 in the hippocampus increased,while the expres-sion of PSD-95 and SYN decreased.Activation of NL-RP3 inflammasomes led to "sleeve like" pathological changes in the third ventricle,with hippocampal neu-rons undergoing apoptosis and significant damage to neuronal synaptic plasticity.Compared with the model group,after intervention with CCJJY,the expression of ROS,IL-1β,TLR4,and NLRP3 decreased,while the expression of AANAT,5-HT,PSD-95,and SYN in-creased.Pathological damage to the third ventricle and hippocampal neurons was repaired.Conclusion The CCJJY improves hippocampal synaptic plasticity dam-age in depression by regulating the TLR4/NLRP3 sig-naling pathway to inhibit central oxidative stress.

Aim To explore the mechanism of Jiawei Shaofu Zhuyu decoction in antagonizing endometriosis fibrosis by regulating mitophagy.Methods After the animal model was constructed,the syndrome was evalu-ated by general condition,organ water content and ther-mal imaging.The curative effect was evaluated by the weight of ectopic focus and the degree of adhesion.The pathological changes were compared using HE stai-ning,transmission electron microscopy,Masson and Sir-ius red staining.The expression of PINK1 and Parkin was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression of mRNA and protein was determined by qPCR and Western blot,and the level of serum ROS was detected by ELISA.Results The autonomic activity of model mice was weakened,the water content of organs rose,and the temperature of limbs and lower abdomen was reduced by thermal imaging.HE staining showed obvi-ous hyperplasia of ectopic epithelium and glands.Transmission electron microscopy showed mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum structure damage,and nor-mal autophagy structure disappeared.Masson and Siri-us red staining showed increased collagen deposition;immunohistochemistry showed decreased expression of PINK1 and Parkin in ectopic foci.qPCR and Western blot showed that the expression of PINK1,Parkin,Bec-lin1,LC3 mRNA and protein in ectopic foci of model mice decreased,the expression of p62 mRNA and pro-tein increased,and serum ROS increased.The syn-drome performance of model mice was improved after the intervention of Jiawei Shaofu Zhuyu decoction;the inflammatory infiltration of ectopic foci was relieved,the morphology of mitochondria and endoplasmic retic-ulum was restored,and normal autophagy structure ap-peared.The degree of collagen deposition and fibrosis was reduced;the mRNA and protein expression of PINK1,Parkin,Beclin1 and LC3 increased.The ex-pression of p62 mRNA and protein decreased,and the level of ROS decreased.Conclusions Jiawei Shaofu Zhuyu decoction can improve the fibrosis of ectopic le-sions in mice with endometriosis of cold-dampness sta-sis syndrome,which may be related to the regulation of mitophagy.

Objective:To compare the differences in the evaluation of hemolysis performance of cellulose hemostatic materials using different detection methods and test media,and to explore a m ore reasonable testing plan for such products.Methods:Hemolysis tests were conducted on cellulose hemostatic materials using the absorbance measurement hemolysis method and hemoglobin concentration measurement hemolysis method in accordance with YY/T 1651.1-2019 standard.We compared the changes in hemolysis rate,pH value,and osmotic pressure under different experimental media.Results:Under the same experimental method,compared to SC,the hemolysis results using PBS as the extraction medium are smaller,and the changes in pH and osmotic pressure are closer to the normal range of human body changes.Conclusions:The changes in pH and osmotic pressure may be one of the reasons for the high hemolysis rate of cellulose hemostatic materials.Choosing PBS with buffering effect as the leaching medium may be more suitable for evaluating the hemolysis performance of cellulose hemostatic materials.

Aim To explore the mechanism of Jiawei Shaofu Zhuyu decoction in antagonizing endometriosis fibrosis by regulating mitophagy.Methods After the animal model was constructed,the syndrome was evalu-ated by general condition,organ water content and ther-mal imaging.The curative effect was evaluated by the weight of ectopic focus and the degree of adhesion.The pathological changes were compared using HE stai-ning,transmission electron microscopy,Masson and Sir-ius red staining.The expression of PINK1 and Parkin was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression of mRNA and protein was determined by qPCR and Western blot,and the level of serum ROS was detected by ELISA.Results The autonomic activity of model mice was weakened,the water content of organs rose,and the temperature of limbs and lower abdomen was reduced by thermal imaging.HE staining showed obvi-ous hyperplasia of ectopic epithelium and glands.Transmission electron microscopy showed mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum structure damage,and nor-mal autophagy structure disappeared.Masson and Siri-us red staining showed increased collagen deposition;immunohistochemistry showed decreased expression of PINK1 and Parkin in ectopic foci.qPCR and Western blot showed that the expression of PINK1,Parkin,Bec-lin1,LC3 mRNA and protein in ectopic foci of model mice decreased,the expression of p62 mRNA and pro-tein increased,and serum ROS increased.The syn-drome performance of model mice was improved after the intervention of Jiawei Shaofu Zhuyu decoction;the inflammatory infiltration of ectopic foci was relieved,the morphology of mitochondria and endoplasmic retic-ulum was restored,and normal autophagy structure ap-peared.The degree of collagen deposition and fibrosis was reduced;the mRNA and protein expression of PINK1,Parkin,Beclin1 and LC3 increased.The ex-pression of p62 mRNA and protein decreased,and the level of ROS decreased.Conclusions Jiawei Shaofu Zhuyu decoction can improve the fibrosis of ectopic le-sions in mice with endometriosis of cold-dampness sta-sis syndrome,which may be related to the regulation of mitophagy.

Objective:To compare the differences in the evaluation of hemolysis performance of cellulose hemostatic materials using different detection methods and test media,and to explore a m ore reasonable testing plan for such products.Methods:Hemolysis tests were conducted on cellulose hemostatic materials using the absorbance measurement hemolysis method and hemoglobin concentration measurement hemolysis method in accordance with YY/T 1651.1-2019 standard.We compared the changes in hemolysis rate,pH value,and osmotic pressure under different experimental media.Results:Under the same experimental method,compared to SC,the hemolysis results using PBS as the extraction medium are smaller,and the changes in pH and osmotic pressure are closer to the normal range of human body changes.Conclusions:The changes in pH and osmotic pressure may be one of the reasons for the high hemolysis rate of cellulose hemostatic materials.Choosing PBS with buffering effect as the leaching medium may be more suitable for evaluating the hemolysis performance of cellulose hemostatic materials.

Objective:Elucidating causal links between gut microbiota and breast malignancies using mendelian randomization(MR)to Identify specific causal microbial taxa.Methods:Genome-wide association studies(GWAS)summary statistics on gut microbiota and breast malignancies,MiBioGen studied GWAS(N=18473)as exposure samples,and GWAS(N=123579)of breast malignancies in the IEU Open GWAS database as outcome samples.The in-verse variance weighted(IVW),weighted median and MR-Egger methods were used to analyze the MR statistical re-suits.Results:Increased abundance of Pasteurellales increased the risk of breast malignancy(IVW PFDR＜0.05,OR=1.21,95％Cl:1.07～1.36),heterogeneity test and pleiotropy test showed no effect on causality,and the"leave-one-out"method showed that the identified causal association was not driven by any single instrumental variable.The causal relationship is positive.Conclusion:Elevated abundance of pasteurellales in the gut microbiota is associated with an increased risk of breast malignancies

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of color Doppler ultrasound combined with electrocardio-gram for right heart dys function in patients with pulmonary heart disease(PHD).Methods:A total of 100 PHD patients admitted in Dongcheng Branch of First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to results of 6min walking test(6MWT),pa-tients were divided into good right heart function group(n=64,≥350m)and right heart dysfunction group(n=36,＜350m).The indexes of cardiac color ultrasound[isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT),isovolumetric contraction time(IVCT)and right ventricular Tei index],ECG[24h mean R-R interval standard deviation(SDNN),normal R-R interval standard deviation per 5min(SDANN)and the ratio of low frequency components to high frequency components(LF/HF)]were compared between two groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound,ECG and their combination for right heart dys-function in PHD patients.Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the association of color Doppler ul-trasound,ECG and their combination with right heart dysfunction in PHD patients.Results:Compared with those in good right heart function group,patients in right heart dysfunction group had significant higher IVRT[(120.64±14.08)ms vs.(97.87±10.93)ms],IVCT[(84.28±12.33)ms vs.(71.92±10.61)ms]and Tei index[(0.85±0.11)vs.(0.63±0.07)](P＜0.001 all),and significant lower SDNN[(75.52±12.58)ms vs.(85.58±11.75)ms],SDANN[(63.86±10.92)ms vs.(76.75±11.71)ms]and LF/HF[(1.33±0.19)vs.(1.84±0.27)](P＜0.001 all).ROC curve indicated that the AUC of color Doppler ultrasound combined ECG in diagnosing right heart dysfunction in PHD patients was 0.911(95％CI 0.838～0.959),which was significantly higher than those of color Doppler ultrasound[0.775(95％CI 0.681～0.853),Z=2.404,P=0.016]and ECG[0.688(95％CI 0.588～0.777),Z=3.968,P=0.001]alone.Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant positive correlation of color Doppler ultrasound(r=0.547),ECG(r=0.375)and their combination(r=0.810)with right heart dysfunction in PHD patients(P＜0.001 all),and the correlation between combined detection and right heart dysfunction in PHD patients was significantly higher.Conclusion:Color Doppler ultrasound combined with ECG possesses high diagnostic performance for right heart dysfunction in PHD patients.

Neonatal sepsis is a global health problem that seriously affects the body health and life safety of newborns. It has a higher incidence in preterm infants,especially for early-onset sepsis (EOS) within 72 hours of birth. The diagnosis of neonatal EOS requires a series of examinations,and early and accurate diagnosis can improve clinical outcomes and reduce antibiotic overuse in a timely manner. At present,the commonly used biomarkers and traditional blood culture methods for EOS diagnosis have certain shortcomings,so it is urgent to find new molecular diagnostic methods. This article summarizes and compares the early and novel diagnostic methods of neonatal EOS,in order to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Aim To explore the mechanism by which the compound Chaijin Jieyu formula(CCJJY)regulates the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway to inhibit central oxidative stress and improve hippocampal synaptic plasticity damage in depression.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,chronic unpredictable mild stress group,sleep deprivation group,chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with sleep deprivation group,positive drug group(venlafax-ine+melatonin),low-dose group of CCJJY,medium dose group of CCJJY,and high-dose group of CCJJY,with nine rats in each group.Except for the control group,a rat model of depression complicated with in-somnia was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with sleep deprivation.Depres-sion-like and sleep behaviors in rats were evaluated through weight,food intake,water maze,and pento-barbital sodium tests.ELisa was used to detect ROS,AANAT,and HPLC-EC was used to detect 5-HT con-tent,while Western blot/RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-1β,TLR4,NLRP3,PSD-95,and SYN related proteins and mRNA.HE and Golgic stai-ning were used to observe the pathological changes in the third ventricle,hippocampus,and neuronal synap-ses.Results Compared with the control group,the depression-like behaviors of the model group rats were significant.The expression of IL-1β,TLR4,and NL-RP3 in the hippocampus increased,while the expres-sion of PSD-95 and SYN decreased.Activation of NL-RP3 inflammasomes led to "sleeve like" pathological changes in the third ventricle,with hippocampal neu-rons undergoing apoptosis and significant damage to neuronal synaptic plasticity.Compared with the model group,after intervention with CCJJY,the expression of ROS,IL-1β,TLR4,and NLRP3 decreased,while the expression of AANAT,5-HT,PSD-95,and SYN in-creased.Pathological damage to the third ventricle and hippocampal neurons was repaired.Conclusion The CCJJY improves hippocampal synaptic plasticity dam-age in depression by regulating the TLR4/NLRP3 sig-naling pathway to inhibit central oxidative stress.