Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. As the incidence of AD continues to rise annually, researchers have shown keen interest in the active components found in natural plants and their neuroprotective effects against AD. Quercetin, a flavonol widely present in fruits and vegetables, has multiple biological effects including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD, and the antioxidant properties of quercetin are essential for its neuroprotective function. Quercetin can modulate multiple signaling pathways related to AD, such as Nrf2-ARE, JNK, p38 MAPK, PON2, PI3K/Akt, and PKC, all of which are closely related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, quercetin is capable of inhibiting the aggregation of β‑amyloid protein (Aβ) and the phosphorylation of tau protein, as well as the activity of β‑secretase 1 and acetylcholinesterase, thus slowing down the progression of the disease.The review also provides insights into the pharmacokinetic properties of quercetin, including its absorption, metabolism, and excretion, as well as its bioavailability challenges and clinical applications. To improve the bioavailability and enhance the targeting of quercetin, the potential of quercetin nanomedicine delivery systems in the treatment of AD is also discussed. In summary, the multifaceted mechanisms of quercetin against AD provide a new perspective for drug development. However, translating these findings into clinical practice requires overcoming current limitations and ongoing research. In this way, its therapeutic potential in the treatment of AD can be fully utilized.

This study aims to reveal the effect and mechanism of Gentianella turkestanorum total extract(GTI) in ameliorating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to identify the chemical components in GTI. SwissTarget-Prediction, GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD were utilized to screen the targets of GTI components and NASH. The common targets shared by GTI components and NASH were filtered through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 to identify core targets, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. AutoDock was used for molecular docking of key components with core targets. A mouse model of NASH was established with a methionine-choline-deficient high-fat diet. A 4-week drug intervention was conducted, during which mouse weight was monitored, and the liver-to-brain ratio was measured at the end. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Sirius red staining, and oil red O staining were employed to observe the pathological changes in the liver tissue. The levels of various biomarkers, including aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), hydroxyproline(HYP), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and glutathione(GSH), in the serum and liver tissue were determined. RT-qPCR was conducted to measure the mRNA levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β), interleukin 6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), collagen type I α1 chain(COL1A1), and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA). Western blotting was conducted to determine the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and potential drug targets identified through network pharmacology. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS identified 581 chemical components of GTI, and 534 targets of GTI and 1 157 targets of NASH were screened out. The topological analysis of the common targets shared by GTI and NASH identified core targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, protein kinase B(AKT), TNF, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma(PPARG). GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the ameliorating effect of GTI on NASH was related to inflammatory responses and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway. The staining results demonstrated that GTI ameliorated hepatocyte vacuolation, swelling, ballooning, and lipid accumulation in NASH mice. Compared with the model group, high doses of GTI reduced the AST, ALT, HYP, TC, and TG levels(P<0.01) while increasing the HDL-C, SOD, and GSH levels(P<0.01). RT-qPCR results showed that GTI down-regulated the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COL1A1, and α-SMA(P<0.01). Western blot results indicated that GTI down-regulated the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K), phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT), phosphorylated inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha(p-IκBα), and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)(P<0.01). In summary, GTI ameliorates inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress associated with NASH by regulating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/genetics* ; Mice ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Liver/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Molecular Docking Simulation

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effectiveness of arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using a "sandwich" patch combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in treating massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. METHODS: A clinical data of 15 patients (15 sides) with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears, who were admitted between September 2020 and March 2023 and met the selective criteria, was retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 males and 7 females with an average age of 62.1 years (range, 40-80 years). The rotator cuff tears were caused by trauma in 7 cases and other reasons in 8 cases. The disease duration ranged from 5 to 25 months, with an average of 17.7 months. According to the Hamada grading, the rotator cuff tears were rated as grade 1 in 2 cases, grade 2 in 8 cases, and grade 3 in 5 cases. All patients were underwent superior capsular reconstruction using the "sandwich" patches (autologous fascia lata+polypropylene patch+autologous fascia lata) combined with PRP injection on patches. The pre- and post-operative active range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joint, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant-Murley score, University of California, Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA) score, and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were recorded. The subacromial space was measured on the imaging and rotator cuff integrity was assessed based on Sugaya grading. RESULTS: All incisions healed by first intention after operation without any complications such as infection. All patients were followed up 12-18 months (mean, 14.4 months). At last follow-up, the active ROMs of flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation of the shoulder joint, subacromial space, ASES score, Constant-Murley score, and UCLA score increased, and VAS score decreased, showing significant differences when compared with preoperative values ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Sugaya grading between last follow-up and immediately after operation ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION For massive irreparable rotator cuff tears, arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using the "sandwich" patches combined with PRP injection can restore stability of the shoulder joint, relieve pain, promote rotator cuff healing, and achieve good short-term effectiveness.
Humans ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Rotator Cuff Injuries/therapy* ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Aged, 80 and over ; Treatment Outcome ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Joint/surgery*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement using 3D-printed auxiliary guides in scoliosis correction surgery for adolescents. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 51 patients who underwent posterior scoliosis correction surgery from January 2020 to March 2023. Among them, there were 35 cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 16 cases of congenital scoliosis. The patients were divided into two groups based on the auxiliary tool used:the 3D-printed auxiliary guide screw placement group (3D printing group) and the free-hand screw placement group (free-hand group, without auxiliary tools). The 3D printing group included 32 patients (12 males and 20 females) with an average age of (12.59±2.60) years;the free-hand group included 19 patients (7 males and 12 females) with an average age of (14.58±3.53) years. The two groups were compared in terms of screw placement accuracy and safety, spinal correction rate, intraoperative blood loss, number of intraoperative fluoroscopies, operation time, hospital stay, and preoperative and last follow-up scores of the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 707 pedicle screws were placed in the two groups, with 441 screws in the 3D printing group and 266 screws in the free-hand group. All patients in both groups successfully completed the surgery. There was a statistically significant difference in operation time between the two groups (P<0.05). The screw placement accuracy rate of the 3D printing group was 95.46% (421/441), among which the Grade A placement rate was 89.34% (394/441);the screw placement accuracy rate of the free-hand group was 86.47% (230/266), with a Grade A placement rate of 73.31% (195/266). There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy of Grade A, B, and C screw placements between the two groups (P<0.05), while no statistically significant differences were observed in intraoperative blood loss, number of fluoroscopies, correction rate, or hospital stay (P>0.05). In the SRS-22 questionnaire scores, the scores of functional status and activity ability, self-image, mental status, and pain of patients in each group at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in all scores between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION In scoliosis correction surgery, compared with traditional free-hand screw placement, the use of 3D-printed auxiliary guides for screw placement significantly improves the accuracy and safety of screw placement and shortens the operation time.
Humans ; Male ; Scoliosis/surgery* ; Female ; Adolescent ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Retrospective Studies ; Pedicle Screws ; Child

Aim To infer novel therapeutic and phar-macological targets related to lung cancer treatment through multiomics approaches,so as to provide new directions for developing more personalized and effec-tive treatment strategies.Methods Genome-wide as-sociation study(GWAS)data analysis,pan-cancer,single-cell,transcriptomics,and protein-protein interac-tion analysis were employed in this study.Results We analyzed biomarkers and therapeutic targets associ-ated with lung cancer.The study identified key bio-markers closely related to lung cancer progression and explored the interrelationships between these biomark-ers and viral infections.According to KEGG pathway annotation,the number of genes related to metabolic processes increased significantly.In particular,metab-olites such as alanine and isoleucine emerged as pivotal factors in therapeutic interventions.The IgD+CD24+and IgD+CD24-B cell subsets were identified as cen-tral elements in immune evasion and treatment re-sponse.Concurrently,the Lachnospiraceae and Prevo-tella were shown to modulate host immune responses and the tumor microenvironment by regulating short-chain fatty acid levels,thereby opening novel avenues for cancer research.Conclusions Through mul-tiomics analysis combined with transcriptomics and pro-teomics analysis,we identify several potential therapeu-tic targets for lung cancer,providing key insights for developing novel treatment strategies.

Questionnaire survey and symposium were carried out on the implementation of GB 8369.1-2019 Transfusion sets for single use—Part 1:Gravity feed,and then analyses were performed on its implementation by relative enterprises,inspection and testing organizations and regulatory authorities,applicability,coordination and implementation constraints accordingly.Some suggestions were put forward,and it was of great significance for comprehensively grasping the overall situation,efficacy and problems of the standard implementation,promoting the updating and upgrading of the standard and facilitating the implementation of compulsory standards.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(9):70-74]

Objective To explore the influence of combination of recombinant human collagen dressing and promestriene ointment on symptoms and vaginal microecology in patients with atrophic vaginitis.Methods The data of patients with atrophic vaginitis admitted to the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army were retrospectively collected from April 2017 to April 2024.According to treatment methods,the enrolled patients were divided into a study group(recombinant human collagen dressing combined with promestriene ointment for 7 days)and a control group(promestriene ointment for 7 days).The efficacy,symptom disappearance time,vaginal microecology and adverse reactions were compared between groups,and recurrence rate of atrophic vaginitis within 1 month was observed.Results A total of 150 patients were screened and included,77 in the study group and 73 in the control group.After treatment,the total therapeutic efficacy in the study group was higher than that in the control group(89.61％vs.76.71％,P＜0.05).The disappearance durations of abnormal leucorrhea,vulva pruritus and vulva burning pain in the study group were significantly shorter compared with those in the control group(all P＜0.05).The vaginal pH value in the study group was lower,while the positive rate of Lactobacillus and proportions of vaginal flora density grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ and diversity grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ were higher compared to the control group(all P＜0.05).During treatment,no significant difference was exhibited in the total incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).The recurrence rate was lower in the study group than that in the control group within 1 month of follow-up(P＜0.05).Conclusion Recombinant human collagen dressing combined with promestriene ointment is more effective than promestriene ointment alone in improving the efficacy of patients with atrophic vaginitis,and can better shorten the disappearance durations of symptoms such as abnormal leucorrhea,vulva pruritus and vulva burning pain,correct the disorder of vaginal microecology,and reduce the short-term recurrence rate of vaginitis,and offer good safety.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of intrinsic motivation of nurses between empowering leadership and job performance, with the aim of providing a reference basis for managers to develop a scientific and effective intervention programme to improve nurses′ job performance.Methods:Convenience sampling method was used to select 1 213 clinical nurses from four tertiary general hospitals in Shandong Province, Henan Province, Yunnan Province, and Fujian Province from November to December 2023, and General Information Questionnaire, Empowering Leadership Scale, Intrinsic Motivation Scale, and Job Performance Scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. AMOS26.0 software was used to test the mediating effect of intrinsic motivation of nurses between empowering leadership and job performance.Results:A total of 1 100 nurses completed the survey finally. Among them, there were 58 males and 1 042 females, 474 under 31 years old, 448 between 31-40 years old, and 178 over 40 years old.The total scores of the Empowering Leadership Scale, Intrinsic Motivation Scale, and Job Performance Scale were 49.44 ± 10.04, 82.35 ± 13.54 and 46.27 ± 6.20 in that order. Nurses' job performance were positive correlation with the empowered leadership and intrinsic motivation ( r=0.486, 0.703, both P<0.01), there was a positive correlation between nurse empowerment leadership and intrinsic motivation ( r=0.452, P<0.01). Nurses′ intrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and job performance, accounting for 62.69% of the total effect. Conclusions:Intrinsic motivation of nurses is a mediating variable between empowered leadership and job performance. Nursing managers should focus on nurses' participation in autonomous decision-making to enhance nurses′ sense of competence and meaning at work, and mobilise their motivation to improve job performance.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of CGG repeat numbers in the FMR1 gene among reproductive-age women in China, providing data reference for carrier screening and genetic counseling of Fragile X syndrome. Methods:This cross-sectional study recruited 16 610 reproductive-age women from 12 medical institutions between July 2022 and October 2023. Peripheral venous blood samples (3 mL) were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted. The number of CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene was determined using the triplet-primed polymerase chain reaction (TP-PCR) combined with capillary electrophoresis technology. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the prevalence and distribution of CGG repeat expansions. Results:Among 16 610 women of childbearing age, 5 684 (34.220%) women had the same number of CGG repeats in the two alleles of FMR1 gene, and 10 926 (65.780%) women had different numbers of repeats in the two alleles. Among the 33 220 FMR1 alleles in 16 610 women of reproductive age, the most common CGG repeat numbers were 29 [48.645% (16 160/33 220)] and 30 [26.276% (8 729/33 220)], while the most frequent CGG genotype was CGG 29/29 [24.726% (4 107/16 610)]. The CGG repeat numbers of FMR1 gene were normal in 16 498 women (99.326%). Among the 112 women (0.674%) with CGG repeat abnormities, 96 (0.578%) women were classified as intermediate carriers, 15 (0.090%) as premutation carriers, and 1 (0.006%) as a full mutation carrier, whose CGG genotype was (36, >200). Conclusion:In the general reproductive-age female population in China, the normal CGG repeat numbers of the FMR1 gene account for 99.326%, while the intermediate carrier rate is 0.578%, and the combined carrier rate of the premutation and full mutation types is 0.096%.