OBJECTIVES: Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) has become a well-established treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) due to its advantages of being minimally invasive, effective, and associated with fewer complications. However, relying solely on lateral fixation provides limited strength and uneven load distribution. Conventional posterior bilateral fixation after OLIF typically requires intraoperative repositioning, increases fluoroscopy frequency, and involves extensive dissection of posterior muscles and soft tissues, resulting in greater trauma, blood loss, and risks of dural tear, nerve root injury, and persistent postoperative low back pain. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of robot-assisted single-position OLIF with lateral plating and posterior unilateral fixation, OLIF with lateral fixation alone, and OLIF combined with posterior bilateral fixation for treating single-segment LSS, and to explore how to enhance fixation stability, reduce trauma, and achieve precise minimally invasive outcomes without changing patient positioning. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data from patients treated for single-segment LSS between January 2020 and June 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Robot group (robot-assisted single-position OLIF with lateral plate and posterior unilateral fixation, 33 cases), lateral group (OLIF with lateral fixation alone, 52 cases), and combined group (OLIF with posterior bilateral fixation, 45 cases). Surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, fluoroscopy frequency, hospital stay, pedicle screw placement accuracy, and complication rates were recorded. Pain visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the final follow-up. Radiological evaluations (X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) measured interbody disc height (IDH), intervertebral foraminal height (IFH), and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the dural sac. Differences between pre- and postoperative imaging indices were statistically analyzed, and complication rates, fusion rates, and cage subsidence rates were recorded. RESULTS: All patients exhibited good positioning of internal fixation devices and cages, with significant symptom relief and no cases of spinal cord injury or symptom worsening. The follow-up time was (15.2±3.6) months. The operation time of the robot group was (70.62±8.99) min, which was longer than that of the lateral group (45.90±6.09) min and shorter than that of the combined group (110.12±8.44) min. The intraoperative blood loss of the robot group was (44.27±6.87) mL, which was more than that of the lateral group (33.58±9.73) mL and less than that of the combined group (79.19±10.35) mL. The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy times of the robot group was (9.49±2.25), which was comparable to that of the lateral group (7.45±2.02) but less than that of the combined group (12.24±4.25). The hospital stay of the robot group was (9.28±2.10) days, which was longer than that of the lateral group (7.95±1.91) days and shorter than that of the combined group (12.49±5.07) days. The screw placement accuracy of the robot group was 98.48%, which was higher than that of the combined group (90.55%). Postoperative and final follow-up VAS and ODI scores were significantly lower than preoperative scores in all 3 groups (all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in preoperative VAS and ODI scores among the groups (all P>0.05). Radiologically, IDH, IFH, and CSA at the surgical segment were significantly increased postoperatively and at final follow-up compared to preoperatively and at final follow-up compared to preoperative values (all P<0.05), with no significant differences among the groups postoperatively (all P>0.05). Internal fixation remained stable during the follow-up period, and all cages achieved fusion at final follow-up. The intervertebral fusion rate of the robot-assisted group was 93.40%, which was similar to that of the combined group (95.56%) and higher than that of the lateral approach group (90.34%). The complication rate of the robot-assisted group was 6.1%, which was comparable to that of the combined group (8.9%) and lower than that of the lateral approach group (15.4%) (P<0.05). No cases of fixation loosening or breakage were observed throughout the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Robot-assisted single-position OLIF with lateral plate combined with posterior unilateral fixation effectively achieves indirect decompression and excellent spinal stability without the need for intraoperative repositioning. It provides high pedicle screw accuracy, reduces intraoperative blood loss, fluoroscopy times, and complication rates, offering a fully minimally invasive new treatment option for single-segment LSS.
Humans ; Spinal Stenosis/surgery* ; Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Spinal Fusion/instrumentation* ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Bone Plates ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Adult

Objective To give references for future study,the current state of research and identify key areas of interest,and development trends in the field of Chinese Materia Medica interventions for PD were examined.Methods Literature on Chinese Materia Medica treatment of PD published between 2004 and 2024 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.After screening,689 articles were included(412 in Chinese,277 in English).CiteSpace software was used for bibliometric and knowledge graph analysis,generating author collaboration networks,institutional collaboration networks,keyword clustering,timeline maps,and keyword burst analysis.Results Over the past two decades,the number of publications has continued to grow globally.Chinese-language studies focused primarily on clinical research,with core authors such as Yi Liu,Jiancheng He,and Jianfen Liang,and institutions like Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine making significant contributions.English-language literature emphasized mechanistic studies,with Kyung Hee University and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as leading research teams.High-frequency keywords included"Parkinson's disease"(346 occurrences),"traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)"(60 occurrences),and"oxidative stress"(11 occurrences).Keyword clustering revealed research hotspots in TCM formulas(e.g.,Zhichan decoction),mechanisms(e.g.,oxidative stress),and integrated TCM-Western medicine therapies(e.g.,Madopar).Burst analysis indicated emerging frontiers in the gut-brain axis,iron metabolism,molecular docking,gut microbiota,and signaling pathways.Conclusions Although there is a lot of potential for treating PD in TCM,there are also a lot of challenges.In order to realize the transformation of TCM from a supportive to a mainstream treatment for PD,and to bring better efficacy to patients in the future,it is necessary to strengthen evidence-based research,deepen the research of mechanisms,promote the construction of standards,explore the integration of Chinese and Western medicine,and improve the evaluation system.

Objective To give references for future study,the current state of research and identify key areas of interest,and development trends in the field of Chinese Materia Medica interventions for PD were examined.Methods Literature on Chinese Materia Medica treatment of PD published between 2004 and 2024 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.After screening,689 articles were included(412 in Chinese,277 in English).CiteSpace software was used for bibliometric and knowledge graph analysis,generating author collaboration networks,institutional collaboration networks,keyword clustering,timeline maps,and keyword burst analysis.Results Over the past two decades,the number of publications has continued to grow globally.Chinese-language studies focused primarily on clinical research,with core authors such as Yi Liu,Jiancheng He,and Jianfen Liang,and institutions like Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine making significant contributions.English-language literature emphasized mechanistic studies,with Kyung Hee University and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as leading research teams.High-frequency keywords included"Parkinson's disease"(346 occurrences),"traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)"(60 occurrences),and"oxidative stress"(11 occurrences).Keyword clustering revealed research hotspots in TCM formulas(e.g.,Zhichan decoction),mechanisms(e.g.,oxidative stress),and integrated TCM-Western medicine therapies(e.g.,Madopar).Burst analysis indicated emerging frontiers in the gut-brain axis,iron metabolism,molecular docking,gut microbiota,and signaling pathways.Conclusions Although there is a lot of potential for treating PD in TCM,there are also a lot of challenges.In order to realize the transformation of TCM from a supportive to a mainstream treatment for PD,and to bring better efficacy to patients in the future,it is necessary to strengthen evidence-based research,deepen the research of mechanisms,promote the construction of standards,explore the integration of Chinese and Western medicine,and improve the evaluation system.

Objective Explore the relationship between semen quality and trace element levels in seminal plasma,as well as miR-184 levels in exosomes of male infertility patients.Methods 155 male infertility patients in our hospital from January 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the infertility group,and another 155 male patients with normal physical examination during the same period were selected as the normal group.Compare the general information,semen quality parameters,trace elements,and miR-184 levels in exosomes between two groups,and analyze the correlation between male infertility patients and the above laboratory indicators through Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results The sperm concentration,total sperm motility(PR + NP),forward motility sperm(PR),average curve velocity,average linear velocity,average path velocity,and average lateral amplitude of sperm head(ALH)in the infertile group were lower than those in the normal group(P<0.05);The levels of Zn,Mg,and Ca in the infertile group were lower than those in the normal group,while the levels of Cu,Pb,and relative expression of miR-184 were higher than those in the normal group(P<0.05);The levels of Zn and Cu elements in male infertility patients are positively and negatively correlated with sperm concentration,total sperm motility(PR+NP),and forward motility sperm(PR),respectively.The levels of Pb elements are negatively correlated with the average lateral amplitude of sperm head(ALH),and P<0.05.The relative expression level of miR-184 in male infertility patients is negatively correlated with sperm concentration,total sperm motility(PR + NP),forward motility sperm(PR),and average sperm curve velocity,with P<0.05.Conclusion The quality of semen in male infertility patients is closely related to the levels of trace elements in semen and miR-184 levels in exosomes.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a couple with normal phenotype but repeated pregnancies with fetuses affected by osteogenesis imperfecta. METHODS: Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out on fetal specimens and parental DNA to detect potential pathologic variants. Suspected variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Semen sample of the husband was collected for the extraction of genome DNA, and whole genome amplification (WGA) was performed for single sperms isolated from the sample. RESULTS: WES has identified a heterozygous c.1378G>A (p.G460S) variant of the COL1A2 gene in the fetus, which was predicted to be pathogenic but not detected in peripheral blood samples of both husband and wife. The heterozygotic variant was detected in semen DNA from the husband. Among 15 spermatozoa, 4 were found to harbor the variant. CONCLUSION The fetus was diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta, and the gonadal mosaicism probably accounted for the repeated abnormal pregnancies. Possibility of gonadal mosaicism should be considered when counseling couples with normal phenotype and genotype but recurrent abnormal pregnancies and/or births of children with similar phenotypes and genetic variants.
Adult ; Child ; Collagen Type I ; genetics ; Female ; Fetus ; Gonadal Disorders ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mosaicism ; Mutation ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Whole Exome Sequencing

Objective:To assess the effect of stone and urine bacteria culture on the treatment of postoperative infection in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Methods:Between September 2016 and September 2018, 1060 patients with kidney stones treated with first-stage PCNL were included in the study. There were 614 male and 446 female patients, with the mean age (52.4±12.2) years. The mean stone burden was (1 499.6±1 435.3) mm 2. The midstream urine sample and the stone sample were sent for bacterial culture, identification of bacterial strain and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The results of urine culture (UC), stone culture (SC) and their antimicrobial susceptibility, the details of perioperatively administered antibiotics and postoperative infections were recorded. The relationship between the postoperative infection and the SC was analyzed. Results:In 1 060 patients, 22 bacterial species were identified in UC and 52 bacterial species were identified in SC. The positive rate was higher in SC than in UC[31.8%(337/1 060)vs. 20.9%(222/1 060), P<0.001]. Escherichia coli was the most common bacteria in both UC and SC, but was more prevalent in UC than in SC [52.3%(116/222)vs. 43.6%(147/337), P<0.05]. E. coli cultured from UC and SC had high resistance to ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin (all resistance rate >40%), but were sensitive to meropenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, and amikacin (all resistance rate <10%). There was no statistical difference in the antibiotic resistance rates of E. coli from the UC and SC (all P >0.05). There were 111 (10.5%) patients who developed fever and 22 (2.1%) who developed urosepsis postoperatively. The incidences of postoperative fever and urosepsis were higher in the patients with positive SC than the patients with negative SC [23.7%(80/337)vs. 4.3%(31/723); 4.2%(14/337)vs. 1.1%(8/723), P<0.05]. Even in patients with negative UC, The incidence of postoperative fever was higher in the group with positive SC than the group with negative SC [17.9%(30/168) vs. 4.2%(28/670), P<0.05]. The incidence of postoperative fever in SC positive patients was lower if they were treated with sensitive antibiotics to the bacteria in stone than those treated with nonsensitive antibiotics [17.5%(22/126) vs. 27.5%(58/211), P<0.05]. Conclusions:The SC had high rate of culture positive, complicated bacterial species and high rate of multi-drug resistant. Positive SC was associated with increased incidence of postoperative infection even if the patients had negative UC. The SC might have a importance clinical value in the treatment of postoperative infection in PCNL.

Objective: To explore the inhibitory effect of exosomes secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(HUCMSC) on apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) after model group(oxygen-glucose deprivation reoxygenation), and to clarify its possible mechanism. Methods: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were cultured. The collected cell supernatant was stored in a centrifugal tube. The exosomes secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were extracted by ultracentrifugation and identified. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were randomly divided into control group, model group and different concentrations of HUCMSC-EXO(20 μg/ml, 40 μg/ml, 60 μg/ml) treatment groups(adding HUCMSC-EXO into the model group) . The morphological changes of HUVEC cells in each group were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, and the proliferation inhibition rate of HUVEC in each group was measured by CCK-8 reagent. Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and hypoxia-associated protein hypoxia inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α). Inhibitor(HIF-1α inhibitor) + model group and HUCMSC-EXO + inhibitor + model group were added on the basis of the above experiments. Western blot analysis was performed to observe the effects of HUCMSC-EXO, inhibitor and both of them on HIF-1α and Bax expressions in HUVEC. Results: HUCMSC-EXO was successfully extracted and identified. Compared with the control group, the volume of HUVEC in the model group and the HUCMSC-EXO group with different concentrations decreased, became round, connected and evacuated, and the growth state was poor under the inverted phase contrast microscope.CCK-8 detection showed that the cell viability in the HUCMSC-EXO group was significantly higher than that in the model group, the difference was statistically significant (t=9.23, P<0.05). Western blot analysis showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of Caspase-3 ((0.296±0.038), (0.879±0.088); t=14.92, P<0.05), Bax((0.234±0.034), (0.762±0.084); t=14.36, P<0.05) of HUVEC in the model group were up-regulated, and the expression level of Bcl-2 was down-regulated ((0.863±0.103), (0.387±0.059); t=9.85, P<0.05), with statistically significant differences. Compared with the model group, the expression levels of Caspase-3( (0.586±0.075); t=6.24, P<0.05), Bax((0.311±0.055); t=11.01, P<0.05) and Bcl-2((0.665±0.071); t=7.45, P<0.05) of HUVEC in the HUCMSC-EXO treatment group were down-regulated and the differences were statistically significant. Inhibitor intervention experiments showed that there were no significant differences between the inhibitor+ model group and HUCMSC-EXO+ inhibitor+ model group in the expression of HIF-1α protein ((0.348±0.055), (0.388±0.077); t=1.04, P>0.05)and Bax protein ((0.363±0.069), (0.370±0.064); t=0.18, P>0.05). But both of them were down-regulated compared with the model group (HIF-1α protein (0.919±0.064), Bax protein (0.902±0.071)), the differences were significant( t=13.56, t=13.03, both P<0.05). Conclusion HUCMSC-EXO has a protective effect on OGD/R model of HUVEC, and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of HIF-1α expression.

Objective To observe the expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in glioma cells of different grades,and evaluate the application value of a novel molecular probe(USPIO-PEG-tLyP-1)in the grading diagnosis of heterotopic glioma in nude mice by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods Expression levels of NRP-1 in glioma cell lines of different grades were detected by Western-Blot.USPIO-PEG-tLyP-1 was synthesized by carbon diimine method.The U87-MG tumor-bearing mice model (U87-MG group) and CHG-5 tumor-bearing mice model(CHG-5 group) were established with 10 mice in each group.Six tumorbearing mice with a tumor volume about 0.6 cm3 were selected from each group,and they were given with 2mg/kg molecular probes via tail vein respectively and was detected by MRI at 0 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h,then R2 values were calculated.After the imaging,tumor-bearing mice were sacrificed,and tumor tissue sections were made.The iron particles in the sections was detected by Prussian blue staining.The binding ability of molecular probes and tumor tissues in the two groups was compared.Results The expression of NRP-1 in U87-MG and CHG-5 cell lines was significantly higher than that in HA.In addition,the expression of NRP-1 in U87-MG was higher than that in CHG-5 cell(P＜0.01).MRI results showed that R2 values of tumor tissues in the two groups were compared,and the difference was not statistically significant before the injection of molecular probe(U87-MG group(10.35±0.52)vs CHG-5 group(9.86±0.43),t=1.779,P=0.106).The R2 value of tumor tissue in the U87-MG group was higher than that in the CHG-5 group after the injection of molecular probe (6 h:U87-MG group (11.63±0.85)vs CHG-5 group (10.51 ±0.49),t=2.796,P=0.019;12h:U87-MG group(14.23±0.68)vs CHG-5 group(12.29±0.28),t=6.462,P=0.000;24 h:U87-MG group (13.36±0.92) vs CHG-5 group(11.32±0.64),t=4.459,P=0.001).The results of Prussian blue staining showed that there were significantly more blue staining particles in tumor tissues of the U87-MG group than that of the CHG-5 group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion The NRP-1 targeted molecular probe can be used for grading diagnosis of high and low grade heterotopic brain glioma in nude mice.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and changing tendency of urinary tract stones.Methods From January 2011 to May 2017,clinical data of 15 269 patients treated in our center was retrospectively reviewed.The stone components were detected by the automatic stone infrared spectroscopy system and the predominant components were recorded.There were 9 019 male patients and 6 250 female patients.The patients were divided into four groups according to their age,including group A ≤ 18 years;group B 19-40 years;group C 41-60 years;and group D ＞ 60 years.Compared the distribution characteristics of urinary tract stones of patient in different groups of sex,age and calendar year.Results Calcium oxalate stones were more prevalent in males than females [6 221 (69.0％)vs.3 582 (57.3％),P ＜ 0.001],but calcium phosphate stones [210 (3.4％) vs.210 (2.3％)],magnesium ammonium phosphate stones [230(3.7％) vs.165 (1.8％)] and carbonate apatite stones [1 328 (21.3％) vs.1 030 (11.4％)] were more common in females than males (P ＜ 0.001,respectively).The proportion of uric acid stones in group D [679(20.7％)] was higher than that in group A [23(9.1％)],group B[260(7.9％)],group C [1 163 (13.8％)] (P ＜0.001,respectively).The peak of carbonate apatite stones was showed in group B [652(19.7％)] (P＜0.001,respectively).Ammonium urate stones [9(3.5％)] and cystine stones [36 (14.2％)] were more frequent in group A(P ＜0.001,respectively).In adults,the percentage of uric acid stones increased with age,such as group B [260(7.9％)],group C [1 163(13.8％)],group D [679 (20.7％)].And the carbonated apatite stones decreased with age,such as group B [652 (19.7％)],group C [1 270(15.1％)],group D [416(12.7％)] (P ＜0.001,respectively).Further analysis showed the proportion of calc ium oxalate (OR =0.944,95 ％ CI 0.927-0.962,P ＜ 0.001),ammonium urate stones (OR =0.854,95％ CI 0.742-0.982,P =0.027) decreased,while calcium phosphate (OR =1.192,95％ CI 1.127-1.261,P ＜0.001),uric acid (OR =1.042,95％ CI 1.015-1.069,P =0.002) and ammonium magnesium phosphate (OR =1.078,95％ CI 1.019-1.141,P =0.009) stones increased with time.Conclusions The distribution of stones was different in genders and age.Calcium oxalate stones were more common in male patients,while ammonium magnesium phosphate and carbonate apatite stones were more common in female patients.Uric acid stones were more frequent in patients older than 60,while carbonate apatite were more frequent in the 19-40 age group.The proportion of calcium oxalate and ammonium urate stones showed a downward trend,whereas calcium phosphate,uric acid and magnesium ammonium phosphate stones increased with time.

Objective To analyze the imaging features of congenital spinal deformity (CSD) associated with split cord malformation (SCM) and other intraspinal abnormalities, and to investigate the relationship to neurological symptoms. Methods 105 cases CSD with SCM were retrospectively studied. Analysis the imaging features of SCM (including type of SCM, location of SCM, location and apical vertebrae, symmetry of divided cord) and other intraspinal abnormalities. To investigate the relationship of the factors and neurological symptoms using Chi?square test of one factor and multiple factors logistic regression analysis. Re?sults 28 cases (26.7%) were formation failure, 33 cases (31.4%) were segmentation failure, and 44 cases (41.9%) were combina?tion of 2 disorders. 41 cases had neurological symptoms, 64 cases were asymptomatic. The distribution of SCM combined with spi?nal deformities:thoracic (11 cases), thoracolumbar (18 cases) and lumbar (20 cases) in type I SCM, thoracic (31 cases), thoracolum?bar (20 cases) and lumbar (5 cases) in type II, none was in cervical. The location of SCM upper than apical vertebrae 29 cases, on apical vertebrae 25 cases, lower than apical vertebrae 51 cases. Spinal cord was splitted symmetric 27 cases and asymmetric 78 cases. 66 cases combined with other intraspinal abnormalities, lower conus 42 cases, syringomyelia 38 cases, meningocele 10 cas?es and sakrale zyste 5 cases. Associated with intraspinal abnormalities, the rate of neural symptoms was different. According to Chi?square test of one factor and multiple factors logistic regression analysis, lumbar SCM, spinal cord asymmetric and lower conus were related with neurological symptoms. Conclusion The predilection spinal deformity of type I is combination, type II SCM is segmentation failure. When SCM patients associated with other intraspinal abnormalities, the incidence of neurologic symptoms is increased. The lumbar SCM, hemicords asymmetry and lower lying conus have significant relationship with neurologic symptoms.