Objective To construct a prediction model of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)based on spectral CT parameters,lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(LMR)and systemic inflam-mation response index(SIRI).Methods The spectral CT parameters,LMR and SIRI of EGFR mutant and wild types NSCLC patients were compared,respectively.The influencing factors of EGFR gene mutation were analyzed and a risk prediction model was estab-lished.Results The LMR,70 keV CT value in arterial phase and venous phase,normalized iodine concentration(NIC),slope of spectral curve(λHU)and venous phase ΔCT value in EGFR mutant type patients were significantly higher than those in EGFR wild type patients,while SIRI,arterial phase and venous phase normalized water concentration(NWC)were significantly lower than those in EGFR wild type patients(P<0.05).Female,adenocarcinoma,no smoking history,LMR,increased NIC,λHU,and ΔCT value in venous phase were the risk factors for EGFR gene mutation,and increased SIRI was a protective factor(P<0.05).The decision curve showed that when the risk threshold was 0.2-0.6,the prediction model had a good risk-benefit ratio.The P value of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was 0.519,and the area under the curve for predicting EGFR gene mutation in NSCLC patients was 0.911.Conclusion Spectral CT parameters,LMR and SIRI may be associated with EGFR gene mutation in NSCLC patients,the model constructed based on the above indicators has a high predictive efficacy for EGFR gene mutation.

Objective To construct a prediction model of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)based on spectral CT parameters,lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(LMR)and systemic inflam-mation response index(SIRI).Methods The spectral CT parameters,LMR and SIRI of EGFR mutant and wild types NSCLC patients were compared,respectively.The influencing factors of EGFR gene mutation were analyzed and a risk prediction model was estab-lished.Results The LMR,70 keV CT value in arterial phase and venous phase,normalized iodine concentration(NIC),slope of spectral curve(λHU)and venous phase ΔCT value in EGFR mutant type patients were significantly higher than those in EGFR wild type patients,while SIRI,arterial phase and venous phase normalized water concentration(NWC)were significantly lower than those in EGFR wild type patients(P<0.05).Female,adenocarcinoma,no smoking history,LMR,increased NIC,λHU,and ΔCT value in venous phase were the risk factors for EGFR gene mutation,and increased SIRI was a protective factor(P<0.05).The decision curve showed that when the risk threshold was 0.2-0.6,the prediction model had a good risk-benefit ratio.The P value of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was 0.519,and the area under the curve for predicting EGFR gene mutation in NSCLC patients was 0.911.Conclusion Spectral CT parameters,LMR and SIRI may be associated with EGFR gene mutation in NSCLC patients,the model constructed based on the above indicators has a high predictive efficacy for EGFR gene mutation.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the application and advantages of combined intrathecal and extrathecal hypothermic plasma tonsillectomy in reducing intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in OSA children. Method: We retrospectively reviewed 726 cases who were diagnosed as OSA. All patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method: 320 cases by total tonsillectomy and 406 cases by combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy. The intro operative bleeding volume, post operative haemorrhage data as time, location and degree in the two groups were compared. Result: There was no statistical difference in the intro operative bleeding volume in the two groups [（9.3±4.6） mL]vs [（7.6±3.5） mL], t=12.687, P=0.235. Two patients who underwent combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy presented with post operative haemorrhage, the total post operative haemorrhage rate was significantly decreased that in the total tonsillectomy group（14 cases）（χ²=10.779, P=0.001）. The 2 patients in combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy group were secondary haemorrhage, with location in the upper pole and medium, grade A haemorrhage; while in the 14 cases in in the total tonsillectomy group, there were 2 cases presented with primary haemorrhage and 12 cases with secondary haemorrhage; with regard to location of haemorrhage, 1 in the upper pole, 2 in the medium, 11 in the lower pole; 5 cases presented with grade A haemorrhage, 8 with grade B haemorrhage and 1 with grade C haemorrhage. The haemorrhage rate at 7 days after surgery （χ²=5.697, P=0.017）, at the lower pole（χ²=11.961, P=0.001） and grade B（χ²=8.097, P=0.004） were all significantly decreases in the combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy group. Conclusion Plasma tonsillectomy combined with intrathecal and extrathecal hypothermic tonsillectomy is a safe and effective method, which has obvious advantages in reducing the postoperative hemorrhage, especially the secondary hemorrhage of Subtonsillar Pole.

The aim of this study is to explore the application and advantages of combined intrathecal and extrathecal hypothermic plasma tonsillectomy in reducing intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in OSA children. We retrospectively reviewed 726 cases who were diagnosed as OSA. All patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method: 320 cases by total tonsillectomy and 406 cases by combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy. The intro operative bleeding volume, post operative haemorrhage data as time, location and degree in the two groups were compared. There was no statistical difference in the intro operative bleeding volume in the two groups [（9.3±4.6） mL]vs [（7.6±3.5） mL], =12.687, =0.235. Two patients who underwent combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy presented with post operative haemorrhage, the total post operative haemorrhage rate was significantly decreased that in the total tonsillectomy group（14 cases）（χ²=10.779, =0.001）. The 2 patients in combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy group were secondary haemorrhage, with location in the upper pole and medium, grade A haemorrhage; while in the 14 cases in in the total tonsillectomy group, there were 2 cases presented with primary haemorrhage and 12 cases with secondary haemorrhage; with regard to location of haemorrhage, 1 in the upper pole, 2 in the medium, 11 in the lower pole; 5 cases presented with grade A haemorrhage, 8 with grade B haemorrhage and 1 with grade C haemorrhage. The haemorrhage rate at 7 days after surgery （χ²=5.697, =0.017）, at the lower pole（χ²=11.961, =0.001） and grade B（χ²=8.097, =0.004） were all significantly decreases in the combined extracapsular and intracapsular tonsillectomy group. Plasma tonsillectomy combined with intrathecal and extrathecal hypothermic tonsillectomy is a safe and effective method, which has obvious advantages in reducing the postoperative hemorrhage, especially the secondary hemorrhage of Subtonsillar Pole.

In traditional biomedical research, a series of mechanism and measures had been taken for identity protection of data subjects, such as data disclosure in aggregated methods, information restricted in public only after identified variables removal and etc. The purpose of such process was aimed to properly keep confidentiality of health information for the target subjects in research. As the protection of subject privacy was viewed as one of the most essential principle of medical ethics in human research, the effects to fulfill and accomplish such process can help to maintain the trust and support among participants and social public. Currently, such traditional modes of privacy safeguard are widely-applied in genetics and genomics study. However, the universal applicability also causes a number of controversies, and the effectiveness remains to be proven. Nowadays, the risk assessments of data subjects’ privacy call for taking the whole“data context” into consideration, not just self-restricted in isolation and confined to quality control of data disclosure. With the soaring increasing of data resources in research involved human subjects, the issues of releasing genetic data have caused more and more public attention, especially for the sensitive domains of privacy protection. Based on the core problem and principles, this article attempted to discuss the controversial bioethical issues such as data context, data-intruder concept, privacy of data subject, identity control of releasing data, potential risk of individual identification, privacy protection of data subject, and etc. We hope these considerations can provide references to the bioethical understanding of biobanks research and decision-making of ethic review.

AIM:To explore the effects of decorin on procollagen type I (PcI), mRNA expression,collagen type I synthesis and proliferation of synovial type B cells of stiff knee joint synovial membrane.METHODS:Type B cells of synovial membrane were isolated from the stiff knee joint synovial membrane and cultured in vitro.The cells were treated with decorin at concentrations of 0.1 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L.After cultured for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, the cell proli-feration rates were measured by MTT colorimetric determination.Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry.The mRNA level of Pc I was detected by RT-PCR, while collagen type I was measured by Western blot.RE-SULTS:The proliferation of synovial type B cells was significantly inhibited, the percentage of synovial type B cells at G1 phase was significantly increased by 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L decorin (P<0.05), and PcⅠmRNA expression and collagen type I synthesis were significantly decreased.The cells with late apoptosis were not found in control group and experimental groups.CONCLUSION:Recombinant human decorin inhibits synovial type B cell proliferation and decreases PcⅠmRNA expression and collagen type I synthesis in synovial type B cells of stiff knee joint synovial membrane in vitro, suggesting that decorin potentially contributes to the therapy of human knee stiffness.

OBJECTIVETo study the radiobiological characteristics of a HepG2 cell line with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion.

METHODSHepG2 cells were cultured in a medium containing ethidium bromide, acetylformic acid and uracil. The HepG2 cell line with mtDNA deletion (ρ(0)HepG2 cells) were acquired after 30 subcultures by limited dilution cloning. The cell survival was then observed in the absence of acetylformic acid and uracil, and the total mtDNA deletion in the cells was confirmed by PCR. The radiosensitivity of HepG2 and ρ(0)HepG2 cells was evaluated by exposure to gradient doses of 6 MV X ray irradiation. The cell apoptosis was assessed following a 2 Gy X-ray exposure with Hochest33342 staining, and the invasiveness of ρ(0)HepG2 cells was measured by Transwell assay.

RESULTSHepG2 cells could survive 30 subcultures in the presence of ethidium bromide, and massive cell death occurred after removal of acetylformic acid and uracil from the medium. PCR confirmed total mtDNA deletion from ρ(0)HepG2 cells, whose α/β value was significantly lower than that of HepG2 cells. ρ(0)Hep-G2 cells showed an obviously lowered cell apoptosis rate following X-ray exposure with enhanced cell invasiveness.

CONCLUSIONHepG2 cells can be induced by ethidium bromide into ρ(0)HepG2 cells with an increased radiation resistance, anti-apoptosis ability and cell invasiveness.

Apoptosis ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Ethidium ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Radiation Tolerance ; genetics ; Sequence Deletion ; X-Rays

Objective To study the radiobiological characteristics of a HepG2 cell line with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion. Methods HepG2 cells were cultured in a medium containing ethidium bromide, acetylformic acid and uracil. The HepG2 cell line with mtDNA deletion (ρ0HepG2 cells) were acquired after 30 subcultures by limited dilution cloning. The cell survival was then observed in the absence of acetylformic acid and uracil, and the total mtDNA deletion in the cells was confirmed by PCR. The radiosensitivity of HepG2 andρ0HepG2 cells was evaluated by exposure to gradient doses of 6 MV X ray irradiation. The cell apoptosis was assessed following a 2 Gy X-ray exposure with Hochest33342 staining, and the invasiveness of ρ0HepG2 cells was measured by Transwell assay. Results HepG2 cells could survive 30 subcultures in the presence of ethidium bromide, and massive cell death occurred after removal of acetylformic acid and uracil from the medium. PCR confirmed total mtDNA deletion fromρ0HepG2 cells, whoseα/βvalue was significantly lower than that of HepG2 cells.ρ0Hep-G2 cells showed an obviously lowered cell apoptosis rate following X-ray exposure with enhanced cell invasiveness. Conclusion HepG2 cells can be induced by ethidium bromide intoρ0HepG2 cells with an increased radiation resistance, anti-apoptosis ability and cell invasiveness.

Objective To study the radiobiological characteristics of a HepG2 cell line with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion. Methods HepG2 cells were cultured in a medium containing ethidium bromide, acetylformic acid and uracil. The HepG2 cell line with mtDNA deletion (ρ0HepG2 cells) were acquired after 30 subcultures by limited dilution cloning. The cell survival was then observed in the absence of acetylformic acid and uracil, and the total mtDNA deletion in the cells was confirmed by PCR. The radiosensitivity of HepG2 andρ0HepG2 cells was evaluated by exposure to gradient doses of 6 MV X ray irradiation. The cell apoptosis was assessed following a 2 Gy X-ray exposure with Hochest33342 staining, and the invasiveness of ρ0HepG2 cells was measured by Transwell assay. Results HepG2 cells could survive 30 subcultures in the presence of ethidium bromide, and massive cell death occurred after removal of acetylformic acid and uracil from the medium. PCR confirmed total mtDNA deletion fromρ0HepG2 cells, whoseα/βvalue was significantly lower than that of HepG2 cells.ρ0Hep-G2 cells showed an obviously lowered cell apoptosis rate following X-ray exposure with enhanced cell invasiveness. Conclusion HepG2 cells can be induced by ethidium bromide intoρ0HepG2 cells with an increased radiation resistance, anti-apoptosis ability and cell invasiveness.

Objective To explore the effects of gossypol acetate on the morphological features and the gene expression in the femoral head of Sprague-Dawley rat in vivo after treated with dexamethasone .Methods Dexamethasone(Dex) was injected into the abdominal cavity of SD rats at an dose of 10 mg/kg ,twice a week ,and feed gossypol acetate 5 mg · kg -1 · d-1 .The controls re-ceived saline 2 mL injection .The treatment lasted for 12 and 20 weeks .The slices of the femoral head were made for HE and immu-nohistochemical study .The total mRNA was extracted for RT-PCR assessment .Results The cancellous bone trabecular became sparse ,trabecular bone area ratio decreased ,bone marrow fat tissue increased .These changes were fitted for pathological character of bone necrosis .The gossypol acetate could not affect the pathological changes .The proportion of the positive stained osteoblasts increased ,adipocytes decreased .PPARγ,C/EBPα,11β-HSD1 expression enhanced ,Runx2 down regulated in the treatment groups and GAA group .Conclusion Dex can induce evident pathological changes conform to the characters of femoral head necrosis .They may have closed correlation between 11β-HSD1 and the gene expression .But GAA could not affected the pathological changes and abnormality of the gene expression .