Objectives:To explore the predictive value of residual Murray's law-based quantitative flow ratio(μQFR)on long-term vessel-oriented composite endpoints(VoCE).Methods:This retrospective study included 3 510 patients from the FAVOR Ⅲ China trial.Offline residual μQFR analysis was performed on all vessels(diameter≥2.5 mm)with 50%-90%stenotic lesions.Patients were stratified into high-,intermediate-,and low-risk groups based on residual μQFR tertiles.The primary endpoint was 3-year VoCE,defined as a composite of cardiac death related to the target vessel,target vessel-related spontaneous myocardial infarction,and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization.Results:Offline analysis was performed on 5 256 vessels from 3 510 patients.The mean residual μQFR was 0.92±0.75.The high-risk group(residual μQFR≤0.91)with 1 554 patients(1 958 vessels);the intermediate-risk group(residual μQFR 0.92-0.96)with 1 211 patients(1 906 vessels);and the low-risk group(residual μQFR>0.96)with 745 patients(1 392 vessels).Over 3-year follow-up,VoCE occurred in 227 vessels(4.3%).The 3-year VoCE incidence was significantly higher in the high-risk group compared to the intermediate-and low-risk groups(6.2%vs.4.1%vs.2.5%,log-rank P<0.001),primarily driven by ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization(5.0%vs.3.0%vs.1.6%,log-rank P<0.001).Hypertension(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.72-0.96),hypercholesterolemia(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.73-0.97),bifurcation lesions(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.63-0.83),moderate/severe calcification(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.57-0.84),and tandem lesions(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.47-0.75)were independent predictors of lower residual μQFR values.Conclusions:Lower residual μQFR is significantly associated with increased VoCE risk during the 3-year follow up period.

Objective:To explore the current status of self-management behavior in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and to construct a structural equation model to explore the mediating role of health literacy between discharge readiness and self-management behavior.Methods:From March to September 2023, 310 hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the Tenth People ′s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University were selected as the research subjects by the convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire, the Health Literacy Management Scale, the Discharge Readiness Scale, and the Self-management Behavior Scale. Results:Eventually, 303 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Among the 303 patients, there were 190 males and 113 females, with an average age of (35.63 ± 16.41) years old. The total score of health literacy of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was (94.35 ± 10.78) points, indicating a health literacy compliance rate of 74.3%(225/303). The total score of discharge readiness was (79.52 ± 9.16) points, and the total score of self-management behavior was (135.22 ± 17.36) points. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, the discharge readiness was positively correlated with the total score of health literacy ( r=0.748, P<0.01), the discharge readiness was positively correlated with the total score of self-management behavior ( r=0.821, P< 0.01), and the health literacy was positively correlated with the total score of self-management behavior ( r=0.767, P<0.01). Health literacy may serve as a mediating variable, partially explaining the relationship between discharge readiness and self-management behavior in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The mediating effect accounted for 47.5% of the total effect. Conclusions:Discharge readiness not only positively impacts self-management behavior among patients with inflammatory bowel disease but also indirectly influences this behavior through health literacy. It is essential for clinical healthcare professionals to prioritize the assessment of discharge readiness and health literacy among these patients. By improving discharge readiness and enhancing health literacy, clinical healthcare professionals can effectively support patients with inflammatory bowel disease in their self-management efforts.

Objectives:The study assessed the relationship between atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)and the rapid progression of coronary non-target lesions.Methods:A total of 1 247 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent two coronary angiography examinations at Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2010 and September 2014 were enrolled in this retrospective study.The AIP is defined as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of the concentrations of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Patients were divided into the high AIP group(n=623)and the low AIP group(n=624)based on the median value of AIP.Lesion rapid progression is defined as an increase of more than 10%in the lumen stenosis of the lesion with a stenosis rate of more than 50%,or an increase of more than 30%in the lumen stenosis rate of the lesion with a stenosis rate of less than 50%,or a progression to total occlusion within 2 years.Results:Median AIP was 0.39(0.23-0.56)in this patient cohort.Rapid progression of non-target lesions occurred in 65(5.21%),including 42(6.74%)in the high AIP group.The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the cumulative incidence of rapid progression of non-target lesions was higher in the high AIP group than in the low AIP group(HR=1.751,95%CI:1.053-2.912,log-rank P=0.028).In univariate cox analysis,the AIP and high AIP correlated with rapid progression of non-target lesions.After multivariate adjustment,AIP was an independent risk factor for rapid progression of non-target lesions(adjusted HR=2.731,95%CI:1.090-6.844,P=0.032).Conclusions:AIP is an independent risk factor for rapid progression of non-target lesions.AIP should be considered as a biomarker for estimating the risk of cardiovascular disease,along with other traditional risk factors.

Objectives:To explore the predictive value of residual Murray's law-based quantitative flow ratio(μQFR)on long-term vessel-oriented composite endpoints(VoCE).Methods:This retrospective study included 3 510 patients from the FAVOR Ⅲ China trial.Offline residual μQFR analysis was performed on all vessels(diameter≥2.5 mm)with 50%-90%stenotic lesions.Patients were stratified into high-,intermediate-,and low-risk groups based on residual μQFR tertiles.The primary endpoint was 3-year VoCE,defined as a composite of cardiac death related to the target vessel,target vessel-related spontaneous myocardial infarction,and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization.Results:Offline analysis was performed on 5 256 vessels from 3 510 patients.The mean residual μQFR was 0.92±0.75.The high-risk group(residual μQFR≤0.91)with 1 554 patients(1 958 vessels);the intermediate-risk group(residual μQFR 0.92-0.96)with 1 211 patients(1 906 vessels);and the low-risk group(residual μQFR>0.96)with 745 patients(1 392 vessels).Over 3-year follow-up,VoCE occurred in 227 vessels(4.3%).The 3-year VoCE incidence was significantly higher in the high-risk group compared to the intermediate-and low-risk groups(6.2%vs.4.1%vs.2.5%,log-rank P<0.001),primarily driven by ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization(5.0%vs.3.0%vs.1.6%,log-rank P<0.001).Hypertension(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.72-0.96),hypercholesterolemia(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.73-0.97),bifurcation lesions(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.63-0.83),moderate/severe calcification(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.57-0.84),and tandem lesions(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.47-0.75)were independent predictors of lower residual μQFR values.Conclusions:Lower residual μQFR is significantly associated with increased VoCE risk during the 3-year follow up period.

Objective:To explore the current status of self-management behavior in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and to construct a structural equation model to explore the mediating role of health literacy between discharge readiness and self-management behavior.Methods:From March to September 2023, 310 hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the Tenth People ′s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University were selected as the research subjects by the convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire, the Health Literacy Management Scale, the Discharge Readiness Scale, and the Self-management Behavior Scale. Results:Eventually, 303 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Among the 303 patients, there were 190 males and 113 females, with an average age of (35.63 ± 16.41) years old. The total score of health literacy of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was (94.35 ± 10.78) points, indicating a health literacy compliance rate of 74.3%(225/303). The total score of discharge readiness was (79.52 ± 9.16) points, and the total score of self-management behavior was (135.22 ± 17.36) points. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, the discharge readiness was positively correlated with the total score of health literacy ( r=0.748, P<0.01), the discharge readiness was positively correlated with the total score of self-management behavior ( r=0.821, P< 0.01), and the health literacy was positively correlated with the total score of self-management behavior ( r=0.767, P<0.01). Health literacy may serve as a mediating variable, partially explaining the relationship between discharge readiness and self-management behavior in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The mediating effect accounted for 47.5% of the total effect. Conclusions:Discharge readiness not only positively impacts self-management behavior among patients with inflammatory bowel disease but also indirectly influences this behavior through health literacy. It is essential for clinical healthcare professionals to prioritize the assessment of discharge readiness and health literacy among these patients. By improving discharge readiness and enhancing health literacy, clinical healthcare professionals can effectively support patients with inflammatory bowel disease in their self-management efforts.

BACKGROUND: The FAVOR (Comparison of Quantitative Flow Ratio Guided and Angiography Guided Percutaneous Intervention in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease) III China trial demonstrated that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) lesion selection using quantitative flow ratio (QFR) measurement, a novel angiography-based approach for estimating fractional flow reserve, improved two-year clinical outcomes compared with standard angiography guidance. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of QFR-guided PCI from the perspective of the current Chinese healthcare system. METHODS: This study is a pre-specified analysis of the FAVOR III China trial, which included 3825 patients randomized between December 25, 2018, and January 19, 2020, from 26 centers in China. Patients with stable or unstable angina pectoris or those ≥72 hours post-myocardial infarction who had at least one lesion with a diameter stenosis between 50% and 90% in a coronary artery with a ≥2.5 mm reference vessel diameter by visual assessment were randomized to a QFR-guided strategy or an angiography-guided strategy with 1:1 ratio. During the two-year follow-up, data were collected on clinical outcomes, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), estimated costs of index procedure hospitalization, outpatient cardiovascular medication use, and rehospitalization due to major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The primary analysis calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) as the cost per MACCE avoided. An ICER of ¥10,000/MACCE event avoided was considered economically attractive in China. RESULTS: At two years, the QFR-guided group demonstrated a reduced rate of MACCE compared to the angiography-guided group (10.8% vs . 14.7%, P <0.01). Total two-year costs were similar between the groups (¥50,803 ± 21,121 vs . ¥50,685 ± 23,495, P = 0.87). The ICER for the QFR-guided strategy was ¥3055 per MACCE avoided, and the probability of QFR being economically attractive was 64% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of ¥10,000/MACCE avoided. Sensitivity analysis showed that QFR-guided PCI would become cost-saving if the cost of QFR were below ¥3682 (current cost: ¥3800). Cost-utility analysis yielded an ICER of ¥56,163 per QALY gained, with a 53% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of ¥85,000 per QALY gained. CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing PCI, a QFR-guided strategy appears economically attractive compared to angiographic guidance from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03656848.
Humans ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Angiography/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Coronary Artery Disease/surgery* ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial/physiology*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of ultrasound-guided foraminal electroacupuncture on neuronal apoptosis and motor function in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI), and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Thirty-six SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a sham operation group, a model group, and an ultrasound-guilded electroacupuncture group (electroacupuncture group), with 12 rats in each group. In the sham operation group, the spinal cord was exposed and then the incision was sutured without contusion. In the other two groups, SCI models were established using a modified Allen's impact method. On days 1, 3, 7, and 14 after modeling, the electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture intervention at the T₉/T₁₀ and T₁₀/T₁₁ intervertebral foramen under ultrasound guidance, avoiding spinal cord injury. Stimulation parameters were dense-disperse wave at 2 Hz/100 Hz and 1-2 mA for each session. Following interventions on days 1, 3, 7, and 14, the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score was assessed; the inclined plane test was used to assess hindlimb grip strength in rats. After the intervention, HE staining was used to observe spinal cord morphology; TUNEL staining was used to detect neuronal apoptosis; ELISA was used to measure the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); Western blot was used to analyze the protein expression of Wnt-4, β-catenin, c-Myc, Bax, Bcl-2, and NeuN in spinal tissue; quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Wnt-4, β-catenin, c-Myc, Bax, Bcl-2, and NeuN. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed significantly reduced BBB scores (P<0.05), and reduced inclined plane angles (P<0.05) at all time points. Compared with the model group, the electroacupuncture group exhibited increased BBB scores on days 3, 7, and 14 (P<0.05), and higher inclined plane angles on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 (P<0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed disorganized spinal cord structure with increased inflammatory cells and necrotic neurons, higher number of apoptotic neurons in spinal tissue (P<0.05), elevated serum IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels (P<0.05), increased protein and mRNA expression of Wnt-4, β-catenin, c-Myc, and Bax (P<0.05), and decreased protein and mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and NeuN in spinal tissue (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the electroacupuncture group had fewer inflammatory cells and apoptotic neurons in spinal tissue (P<0.05), reduced serum IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels (P<0.05), increased protein and mRNA expression of Wnt-4, β-catenin, Bcl-2, and NeuN (P<0.05), and decreased protein and mRNA expression of c-Myc and Bax in spinal tissue (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided foraminal electroacupuncture could improve motor function in rats with SCI, potentially by regulating the expression of molecules related to the Wnt-4/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory responses.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture/methods* ; Spinal Cord Injuries/physiopathology* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; beta Catenin/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; Ultrasonography ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics* ; Spinal Cord/metabolism*

Objective:To compare the enrichment effects of ultrafiltration, polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, aluminum salt precipitation, and anionic membrane adsorption-elution on viruses in drinking water.Methods:Using phage MS2 as the target virus, three different concentrations of drinking water samples were prepared, and the samples were enriched by ultrafiltration 1, ultrafiltration 2, PEG precipitation, aluminum salt precipitation, and anionic membrane adsorption-elution method, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to quantify MS2 nucleic acid in pre and post concentrated samples and the recovery rates of MS2 in samples with high, medium and low concentrations were compared among the five methods.Results:Comparing the MS2 enrichment recovery rates of individual enrichment method in water samples of different concentrations, ultrafiltration method 1, PEG precipitation method, aluminum salt precipitation method, and membrane adsorption-elution method were not affected by the sample concentration, and the differences of the recovery rates for the three concentration water samples among the four methods were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The MS2 enrichment recovery rates of the five enrichment methods were significantly different in all concentration samples ( P<0.05). The recovery rates of ultrafiltration method 1 were higher in all three concentration samples, followed by aluminum salt precipitation and anionic membrane adsorption-elution, PEG precipitation were higher in high concentration samples, but lower in low and medium concentration samples, and the recovery rates of ultrafiltration method 2 were the lowest in all three concentration samples. Comparing the Ct values of MS2 in the enriched samples by five methods, the Ct values of ultrafiltration method 1 were the smallest in the three concentration water samples. There was no statistically significant difference in MS2 Ct values among the five enrichment methods in the medium and high concentration water samples ( P>0.05). In low concentration simulated water samples, only the difference of MS2 Ct value between ultrafiltration method 1 and ultrafiltration method 2 was statistically significant ( Z=16.000, P=0.016). Conclusions:Considering the operation simplicity, operation time and virus recovery rate after enrichment, ultrafiltration was the most effective method for virus enrichment in drinking water.

Objective:To evaluate the preservation efficacy of 7 non-inactivating virus preservation solutions.Methods:Equal amounts of H1N1 virus were added to 7 commercially available non-inactivating virus preservation solutions, and the samples were stored at -20 ℃, 4 ℃, 25 ℃ and 37 ℃ for 1 hour, 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days. The viral nucleic acid in each simulated sample under different storage conditions was measured using real-time quantitative PCR. The hemagglutination (HA) titer was determined through viral isolation culture and hemagglutination assay, comparing the differences in viral growth activity across different storage solutions and conditions.Results:Except for solution E, the other solutions effectively protected viral nucleic acid at the 4 storage temperatures. In terms of viral activity, solutions A, B, C, and D effectively maintained viral viability. A and B showing the best performance, E and F showed poorer performance, and G performed the worst.Conclusions:Most non-inactivating virus preservation solutions effectively protect viral nucleic acid, but there are significant differences in their ability to maintain viral viability. To ensure optimal virus preservation, it is recommended that medical institutions evaluate the effectiveness of preservation solutions before use.

Objective:To evaluate the long-term outcomes and predictors of coronary atherosclerotic lesions deemed functionally non-ischemic (quantitative flow ratio(QFR)>0.80) and deferred from intervention.Methods:This study is a post-hoc analysis of the FAVOR Ⅲ China trial, which enrolled 3 825 patients with stable or unstable angina pectoris or with myocardial infarction occurring at least 72 hours prior to screening, between December 5, 2018 and January 9, 2020 from 26 research centers in China. Coronary vessels with QFR>0.80 and without interventional treatment were analyzed in this study. The primary endpoint was 3-year target vessel revascularization. Vessels with revascularization (revascularized group) during follow-up were matched 1∶1 using propensity score matching to comparable vessels without revascularization (non-revascularized group). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for target vessel revascularization (TVR).Results:A total of 6 212 functionally negative vessels with deferred intervention were included in the final analysis, among which 153 vessels (2.5%) underwent TVR during a 3-year follow-up. Prior to propensity score matching, 6 059 vessels comprised the non-revascularized group. At the vessel level, compared to the non-revascularized group, the revascularized group exhibited a significantly higher proportion of males (79.1% (121/153) vs. 70.2% (4 253/6 059), P=0.018), higher body mass index ((25.6±4.0) kg/m2 vs. (24.3±5.2) kg/m2, P=0.003), and a higher prevalence of hypertension (73.9% (113/153) vs. 65.1% (3 944/6 059), P=0.025). And 152 pairs of vessels were successfully matched. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified in-stent restenosis lesions ( HR=2.59, 95% CI 1.28-5.23, P=0.008) as an independent risk factor for target vessel revascularization. Conclusions:Coronary lesions classified as functionally non-ischemic at baseline are not entirely stable and may progress to lesions that requiring revascularization over time. In-stent restenosis emerges as a critical independent predictor of revascularization.