Food allergies are specific immune responses that occur recurrently upon the ingestion of certain foods，leading to adverse effects on health.With the increasing prevalence of food allergies，exploring the related influencing factors has become particularly urgent，among which the use of antibiotics in early life has attracted widespread attention.This paper reviews the relationship between the use of antibiotics in early life and food allergies in children.By synthesizing existing research，this work explores the mechanisms by which early-life antibiotic exposure influences childhood food allergies and the potential mitigation strategies.The aim is to offer new insights and directions for preventing the onset of food allergies，providing a valuable reference for future research and clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with limb rehabilitation therapy in improving limb function of patients with hemiplegia due to stroke.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted on 110 patients with hemiplegia due to stroke admitted to the 987 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force from January 2021 to January 2023. These patients were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 55 cases each, using a random number table method. The control group received conventional rehabilitation therapy, while the observation group received NMES combined with limb rehabilitation therapy. All patients were treated for 3 months. The Trunk Impairment Scale, Brunnstrom Motor Function Scale, Surface Electromyography, Brunel Balance Scale, Simple Gait Test Scale, and Modified Ashworth Scale were used to evaluate trunk control function, limb control function, neuromuscular disorders, balance control function (forward-backward inclination angle, left-right inclination angle), gait temporal-spatial parameters, symmetry parameters, and muscle tone recovery in both groups before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the Total Impairment Scale and Brunnstrom scores for upper and lower limbs in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(18.31 ± 1.61) vs. (14.38 ± 1.42), (3.78 ± 0.41) vs. (3.01 ± 0.63), (3.75 ± 0.42) vs. (3.28 ± 0.63), t = 13.58, 7.60, 4.60, all P < 0.05]. Additionally, the scores for tibialis anterior, fibularis brevis, fibularis longus, medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius muscle control were higher in the observation group compared with the control group. The scores for Berg Balance Scale, forward-backward inclination angle, left-right inclination angle, step frequency, step length, step speed, and step width in the observation group were also superior to those in the control group. All differences were statistically significant ( t = 17.88, 20.15, 24.62, 19.53, 22.80, 3.31, 8.66, 7.88, 6.08, 4.21, 7.43, 3.35, all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the deviations in step length, the ratio of support on the affected side to the unaffected side, and the ratio of swing on the affected side to the unaffected side in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(3.53 ± 2.55) vs. (5.35 ± 3.21), (1.11 ± 0.04) vs. (1.14 ± 0.03), (1.10 ± 0.06) vs. (1.24 ± 0.09), t = 3.29, 4.45, 9.60, all P < 0.05]. Additionally, the level of muscle tone recovery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( Z = 2.53, P = 0.011). Conclusions:In the treatment of hemiplegia due to stroke, NMES combined with limb rehabilitation therapy can effectively improve patients' trunk and limb control, enhance balance function, and greatly promote muscle strength recovery.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with limb rehabilitation therapy in improving limb function of patients with hemiplegia due to stroke.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted on 110 patients with hemiplegia due to stroke admitted to the 987 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force from January 2021 to January 2023. These patients were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 55 cases each, using a random number table method. The control group received conventional rehabilitation therapy, while the observation group received NMES combined with limb rehabilitation therapy. All patients were treated for 3 months. The Trunk Impairment Scale, Brunnstrom Motor Function Scale, Surface Electromyography, Brunel Balance Scale, Simple Gait Test Scale, and Modified Ashworth Scale were used to evaluate trunk control function, limb control function, neuromuscular disorders, balance control function (forward-backward inclination angle, left-right inclination angle), gait temporal-spatial parameters, symmetry parameters, and muscle tone recovery in both groups before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the Total Impairment Scale and Brunnstrom scores for upper and lower limbs in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(18.31 ± 1.61) vs. (14.38 ± 1.42), (3.78 ± 0.41) vs. (3.01 ± 0.63), (3.75 ± 0.42) vs. (3.28 ± 0.63), t = 13.58, 7.60, 4.60, all P < 0.05]. Additionally, the scores for tibialis anterior, fibularis brevis, fibularis longus, medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius muscle control were higher in the observation group compared with the control group. The scores for Berg Balance Scale, forward-backward inclination angle, left-right inclination angle, step frequency, step length, step speed, and step width in the observation group were also superior to those in the control group. All differences were statistically significant ( t = 17.88, 20.15, 24.62, 19.53, 22.80, 3.31, 8.66, 7.88, 6.08, 4.21, 7.43, 3.35, all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the deviations in step length, the ratio of support on the affected side to the unaffected side, and the ratio of swing on the affected side to the unaffected side in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(3.53 ± 2.55) vs. (5.35 ± 3.21), (1.11 ± 0.04) vs. (1.14 ± 0.03), (1.10 ± 0.06) vs. (1.24 ± 0.09), t = 3.29, 4.45, 9.60, all P < 0.05]. Additionally, the level of muscle tone recovery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( Z = 2.53, P = 0.011). Conclusions:In the treatment of hemiplegia due to stroke, NMES combined with limb rehabilitation therapy can effectively improve patients' trunk and limb control, enhance balance function, and greatly promote muscle strength recovery.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and parameters of conventional coagulation tests (CCTs) and thromboelastography (TEG) in patients with acute trauma, and to establish a prediction model to screen out high-risk patients with preoperative DVT.Methods:The clinical data of patients with acute traumatic fracture admitted to the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital from January 2021 to June 2021 were retrospectively collected. According to whether preoperative DVT occurred, the patients were divided into the DVT group and non-DVT group. The differences of CCTs and TEG parameters at the same time were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify independent risk factors for DVT after trauma. The receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was employed to analyze the clinical value of those parameters to predict preoperative DVT.Results:Among 123 patients with acute traumatic fracture, 101 patients were treated with anticoagulation before operation, and 51 patients were diagnosed with DVT. There were significant differences in activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen (Fib), D-Dimer, fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs), reaction time, clotting time, α angle, maximum amplitude (MA) and coagulation index between the DVT and non-DVT groups. D-Dimer and MA were independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in patients with traumatic fracture. Logistic regression equation was used to establish a prediction model: the predicting index = 0.101×D-Dimer +0.241×MA + (-18.190). The α angle (AUC=0.833, P<0.001), MA (AUC=0.904, P<0.001), coagulation index (AUC=0.914, P<0.001) of TEG versus Fib (AUC=0.684, P=0.001), D-Dimer (AUC=0.685, P<0.001) and FDPs (AUC=0.656, P=0.003) of CCTs had a higher diagnostic efficacy in developing DVT of lower extremity in patients with traumatic fracture, and of all the coagulation index was the best. However, the predictor of D-Dimer combined with MA had a better predictive value (AUC=0.926, P<0.001), and the best cut-off value was 0.32 with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.2% and 79.8%, respectively. Conclusions:Compared with CCTs, TEG has more advantages in predicting preoperative DVT in patients with traumatic fracture, and the predictor of D-Dimer combined with MA can screen out patients with high risk of DVT, which can be recommended for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the relationships between serum osteocalcin (OC) levels and glycometabolism markers in nondiabetic post-traumatic male patients.Methods Populaitons were selected at the Department of Emergency Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital from October 2017 to February 2019.The age,injury severity score (ISS),and characteristic indicators were recorded.The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years and blood collection time ＜ 24 h after the injury.The exclusion criteria were emergency surgery,acute brain trauma,and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.0％.The patients were divided into two groups by fasting plasma glucose (FPG):stress hyperglycemia (SH) (FPG＞7.8 mmol/L) and nonstress hyperglycemia (NO-SH) (FPG ≤ 7.8 mmol/L) groups.The fasting venous blood samples were collected and examined.The characteristics and biochemical indicators in the two groups were compared statistically by LSD-t test,rank sum test and ANOVA,and the relationships between serum OC levels and glycometabolism markers were analyzed by partial correlation analysis.Results A total of 395 traumatic patients were enrolled and divided into the SH group (n=182) and NO-SH group (n=213).There were no differences in ISS,fasting insulin (FINS),and C-peptide (C-P) levels between groups.Age,HbAlc and FPG were higher (P=0.041,P=0.037,P＜0.01),while the OC level was lower (P=0.023),in the SH group than those in the NO-SH group.The serum OC level did not correlate with HbAlc,FPG,and FINS,but negatively correlated with C-P by partial correlation analysis (r=-0.262,P=0.008).The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that C-P was an independent factor affecting serum OC levels after trauma (β=-0.655,P=0.043).Conclusion A correlation existed between the serum OC level and glycometabolism markers in nondiabetic post-traumatic male patients.

BACKGROUNDHemifacial spasm (HFS) is a facial nerve disorder characterized by episodic involuntary ipsilateral facial muscle contraction. Information on Chinese patients with HFS has not been well-characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical feature and the treatment status of HFS across China.

METHODSA cross-sectional study including 1003 primary HFS patients had been carried out in 15 movement disorder clinics in China in 2012. The investigated information was acquired from questionnaires and medical records including demographic data, site of onset, aggravating and relieving factors, treatments prior to the investigation, etc.

RESULTSIn this study, the ratio of male to female was 1.0:1.8, the mean age at onset was (46.6 ± 11.5) years. About 1.0% patients were bilaterally affected. The most often site of initial onset was the orbicularis oculi muscle. The most often affected sites were orbicularis oculi, zygomatic, and orbicularis oris muscles. Stress/anxiety and relaxation were most often aggravating and relieving factors, respectively; 2.3% patients had family history, 28.4% cases were combined with hypertension, and 1.4% patients were with trigeminal neuralgia. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection was the most commonly used treatment, followed by acupuncture and oral medication. BTX-A maintained the highest repeat treatment ratio (68.7%), while 98.4% patients gave up acupuncture. The mean latency of BTX-A effect was (5.0 ± 4.7) days, the mean total duration of the effect was (19.5 ± 11.7) weeks, and 95.9% patients developed improvements no worse than moderate in both severity and function. The most common side effect was droopy mouth.

CONCLUSIONSThe onset age of HFS in China is earlier than that in western countries. The most often used two treatments are BTX-A injection and acupuncture, while the latter kept the poor repeat treatment ratio because of dissatisfactory therapeutic effect.

Adult ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; therapeutic use ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuromuscular Agents ; therapeutic use

Objective Funded papers on pituitary adenoma were bibliometrie analyzed to provide fund information on pituitary adenoma for the researchers.Methods Funded papers on pituitary adenoma from 1994 to 2007 were searched by strategy using pituitary adenoma and fund as key words in Chinese Medical Current Contents.Evaluation of papers on quantity of papers,fund type,level and proportion,the first atuhor,journal,distrier and institute by bibliometries method.Results In 1629 papers collected,there are 110 funded papers,which are comprised of 70 papers supported by National funds(49 supported by National Natural Science Foundation),40 funded by provincial funds.In these papers,there are 65 on basic research(8 on neuropeptide),45 on clinical research(9 on surgery) and 11 are dual funds supported.Of these papers,the first author,journal published on,work institute and distiet,in proper order to Zhang Xiang(7 papers),Chinese Journal of Neurosurgical Disease Research(13 papers),the fourth military university(18 papers) and Shanxi(16 papers).Conclusions The analysis summarizes 49 subjects of National Natural Science Foundation,11 subjects supported by dual funds,core authors and core journals of these papers,which are of great help for researchers' research works.

Objeetive To construct the cell DNA damage models for the human CML K562 cell line before or after imarlnib mesylate treatment and observe the repairing process dynamically for investigating the iniluence of imatinib mesylate on the repair function of K562 cells after cell DNA danlage.Methods The MTT assay was used to estimate the optimal pretreatment concentration of imatinib mesylate in K562 cells and Western blot was employed to evaluate the phosphorylation status in K562 cells after imatinib mesylate treatment to estimate BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase inhibition by imatinib mesylate.The comet assay was used to detect the DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide at various concentrations in K562 cells with or without the pretreatment of imatinib mesylate.A dynamic observation on the repairing process after cell DNA damage was made by the comet assay.Results The pretreatment by imatinib mesylate for K562 cells was optimized to be at a final concentration of 1 μmol/L for 24 h as revealed by the MTT assay additionly imatinib mesylate treatment at this concentration could effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of the BCR-ABL fusion protein at Tyr177(Deusityrate 0.100±0.018).When compared with the control group(Deusityrate 0.425±0.039),the BCR/ABL phosphorylation at Tyr177 was significantly decreased by (77. 11±5.59) % (t=4. 57,P＜0. 05). The cell DNA damage models for both imatinib mesylate-nontreated and imatinib mesylate-pretreated K562 cell groups were constructed with hydrogen peroxide treatment at a final concentration of 10 μmol/L for 10 min at 4℃ as confirmed by the comet assay. When compared with the control imatinib mesylatenontreatod K562 cell group,the time duration required for the DNA repair in imatinib mesylate-pretreated K562 cell group was significantly prolonged (F= 97.79,P＜0. 05 ). Conclusions The cell DNA damage models for the leukemic K562 cell groups before or after imatinib mesylate treatment were successfully constructed and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate for BCR/ABL fusion protein was revealed to attenuate the DNA repair capacity of the K562 cells after DNA damage.

Objective To construct the transformed mouse BaF3-P210 cell line stably expressing BCR/ABL and to initially investigate the influence of BCR/ABL on the cell biological characteristics of BaF3 cell line. Methods The retroviral vector with bcr/abl gene was transfected into the packaging cell line. The BaF3 cells were infected with the collected viral supernatant. The transgenic BaF3-P210 cell line stably expressing BCR/ABL were screened and subcloned. The integration of the bcr/abl gene in the genome of the target cell was determined by PCR and DNA sequencing,trypan blue staining assay,flow cytometry and MTT assay. Results The bcr/abl gene was integrated into the BaF3 cell genome; RT-PCR and Western blot verified the stable expression of the bcr/abl gene and protein in the screened subclone cell line BaF3-P210. Compared with the control group,the cell proliferation rate was promoted (P

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of cerebral infarction accompanied with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCP).Methods The clinical data of a patient with cerebral infarction and CSCP were reviewed retrospectively.Results The patient was a middle-aged male and mainly presented with dizzy,dystaxia on walking and dysopia.However,he had no history of hypertation,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and related vasculitis.Brain MRI scanning showed infarction in cerebellar hemisphere.Fluorescein eyeground angiography demonstrated the leakage focus on the retina of right eye.All of the presentations were obviously remissive with the treatments of improving micro-vascular circulation and nerve nourishment.Conclusion For those cases of cerebral infarction without related risk factors of cerebral stroke but presenting with dysopia,the possibility of CSCP should be considered.