According to the latest GLOBOCAN data released in 2024, esophageal cancer ranks the 11th in global cancer incidence and represents the 7th leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In 2022, there were approximately 511000 newly diagnosed cases of esophageal cancer and 445000 deaths globally. On February 28, 2025, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) published updated clinical practice guidelines for esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancers (version 1.2025). This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the major diagnostic and therapeutic updates in the guidelines compared to the version 5.2024, encompassing key domains including screening stratification protocols, perioperative treatment optimization strategies, dynamic efficacy evaluation systems, molecular subtyping-guided therapeutic approaches, and immunotherapy expansion algorithms. The findings aim to provide references for esophageal cancer treatment in China.

Objective To compare the early clinical efficacy of arthroscopic bridge suture combined with strengthening thread fixation for posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)tibial insertion avulsion frac-tures and traditional open double-row anchor suture fixation,and to explore a safe,effective,and min-imally invasive reduction and fixation method for PCL tibial insertion fractures in knee joint under ar-throscopy.Methods This study was a retrospective study.Sixty patients with PCL tibial insertion frac-tures(Meyers&McKeever types II-IV)and admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Kunming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2021 and June 2023 were included,and ran-domly divided into a traditional group(age:39.56±3.24 years,male/female:16/14)and a minimally in-vasive group(age:40.32±4.38,male/female:18/12),each of 30,according to their admission or-der.All patients were of Grade III positive in the drawer test before surgery.The traditional group un-derwent posterior medial inlay incision,reduction under direct vision and double-row anchor suture fix-ation,while the minimally invasive group underwent reduction under total arthroscopy,suture-bridge suture at the tendon-bone junction of PCL,and one anchor suture placed at the femoral insertion of PCL,with the anchor suture line serving as the reinforcing suture.Then,the anchor and suture-bridge suture lines were respectively pulled into the two tunnels behind the tibia from the front and then pulled out from the front of the tibia,and the reinforcing suture was knotted in front of the tib-ia.The bridge suture line was fixed in front of the tibia with an external row anchor.Six months after surgery,both groups were evaluated the efficacy using the posterior drawer test and Lysholm score.Re-sults At the follow-up six months after the surgery,both groups had good fracture healing,with one wound infection and delayed healing in the traditional group and total one-stage heal in the other group.According to the physical examination 6 months after surgery,all were negative in the posterior drawer test,except one of degree II positive in the traditional group.Moreover,the average Lysholm score of the traditional group increased from 65.23±3.48 before surgery to 87.64±4.58 points after surgery(P<0.05),while that of the minimally invasive group increased from 64.35±2.52 to 86.82±2.58(P<0.05),showing no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Both techniques in this study can achieve excellent surgical outcomes in the treatment of posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fractures at the tibial insertion site.

Objective To compare the early clinical efficacy of arthroscopic bridge suture combined with strengthening thread fixation for posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)tibial insertion avulsion frac-tures and traditional open double-row anchor suture fixation,and to explore a safe,effective,and min-imally invasive reduction and fixation method for PCL tibial insertion fractures in knee joint under ar-throscopy.Methods This study was a retrospective study.Sixty patients with PCL tibial insertion frac-tures(Meyers&McKeever types II-IV)and admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Kunming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2021 and June 2023 were included,and ran-domly divided into a traditional group(age:39.56±3.24 years,male/female:16/14)and a minimally in-vasive group(age:40.32±4.38,male/female:18/12),each of 30,according to their admission or-der.All patients were of Grade III positive in the drawer test before surgery.The traditional group un-derwent posterior medial inlay incision,reduction under direct vision and double-row anchor suture fix-ation,while the minimally invasive group underwent reduction under total arthroscopy,suture-bridge suture at the tendon-bone junction of PCL,and one anchor suture placed at the femoral insertion of PCL,with the anchor suture line serving as the reinforcing suture.Then,the anchor and suture-bridge suture lines were respectively pulled into the two tunnels behind the tibia from the front and then pulled out from the front of the tibia,and the reinforcing suture was knotted in front of the tib-ia.The bridge suture line was fixed in front of the tibia with an external row anchor.Six months after surgery,both groups were evaluated the efficacy using the posterior drawer test and Lysholm score.Re-sults At the follow-up six months after the surgery,both groups had good fracture healing,with one wound infection and delayed healing in the traditional group and total one-stage heal in the other group.According to the physical examination 6 months after surgery,all were negative in the posterior drawer test,except one of degree II positive in the traditional group.Moreover,the average Lysholm score of the traditional group increased from 65.23±3.48 before surgery to 87.64±4.58 points after surgery(P<0.05),while that of the minimally invasive group increased from 64.35±2.52 to 86.82±2.58(P<0.05),showing no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Both techniques in this study can achieve excellent surgical outcomes in the treatment of posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fractures at the tibial insertion site.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a prevalent and serious cardiovascular disease characterized by a complex inflammatory response and myocardial tissue remodeling. The early inflammatory response plays a key role in the aftermath of AMI, promoting myocardial injury and repair. At the same time, ventricular remodeling, as a physiological process after AMI, involves myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, dilation, and remodeling, which has a profound impact on cardiac function and prognosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the mechanism of action of early inflammation and ventricular remodeling after AMI. In this paper, the mechanism of early inflammation and ventricular remodeling after AMI was systematically reviewed, focusing on the dynamic changes of inflammatory mediators after AMI and the correlation between ventricular remodeling and prognosis, hoping to provide guidance and reference for the prevention, treatment, and prognosis of AMI.

Objective:To explore the research status, research focus and development trend of nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China.Methods:The article on nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China was systematically retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and WanFang Data, and the retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to June 2022. CiteSpace was used to analyze the amount of articles, authors, institutions, funds and keywords, and draw a knowledge map.Results:A total of 890 articles were included. The number of articles and the support of national level funds were growing. The cooperation network among authors was extensive but not deep enough, and a core group of authors was not formed. A core journal group was formed. The research institute with the largest number of articles was the School of Nursing of Peking University. The article was mainly distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other first tier cities. The high-frequency keywords were "combination of medical care and nursing care" "supply" "demand" "talent training" and " care service for the aged", which could be clustered into 11 tags. The keyword cluster atlas showed that the combination of medical care and nursing care had always been the mainstream research direction in the field of nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China. "Qualitative research" "rural care for the aged " "care model for the aged " and "care industry for the aged " would become the emerging development trend in this field.Conclusions:The research on the nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China is growing. The research focuses on the combination of medical care and nursing care, talent training, care industry for the aged, and the supply and demand of care service for the aged. In the future, we should take the combination of medical care and nursing care as the leading mode, constantly improve our elderly care service system, build a nursing human resource allocation mode with Chinese characteristics in nursing homes, and promote the healthy aging development of society.

Objective To examine the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China and provide reference for the construction of a discipline through a literature review of TCM physique and statistical analyses of papers published between 2008 and 2017. Methods We searched the Chinese journal full?text database for TCM physique research papers, and used bibliometrics to statistically analyze the papers. Results We obtained 2 905 papers from 381 journals, 1 021 institutions, and 6 740 authors. The number of papers increases with the publication time. The cited rate was 87.2%. Each paper was cited 8.74 times. The H?index was 51 and co?authored rate was 83.7%. The cooperation degree was 3.78 with 3 354 words appearing in the keywords of the papers. Conclusion In the past ten years, research on TCM constitution has advanced, strengthening core scientific research. Research quality is high, and the research contents cover a wide range. With the spread of research tentacles, the prospect of further research on this subject is worth looking forward to.

The "self and mutual service" is a novel and diverse civil provision model for the aged. As a supplement to social resources for the aged, it is a promising in development. This article reviews the status quo of mutual provision for the aged in China's urban communities, aiming to make feasible proposals for the healthy development of China's mutual provision for the aged.

Objective To investigate the current perioperative management of geriatric hip fractures in China.Methods The survey was performed between 15th to 21st of November,2017.An electric questionnaire was delivered to the orthopedic surgeons attending the 12th International Congress of Chinese Orthopedic Association (COA) and the orthopedic fellows attending grand round at Department of Orthopaedic Trauma,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital.The questionnaire addressed the current perioperative management of geriatric hip fractures (≥ 65 years) at the departments where the participants worked,covering preoperative examination and preparation,postoperative rehabilitation and multidisciplinary collaboration.Results 171 valid questionnaires were collected for this study.Of the 171 orthopedic surgeons from 28 provinces in China,106 (62.0％) came from a tertiary hospital and 65 (38.0％) from a secondary hospital.In 74.3％ (127/171) of the hospitals,more than 100 geriatric hip fractures were treated annually.63.2％ (108/171) of the hospitals treated 100 to 500 cases annually,5.9％ (10/171) 500 to 1,000 cases and 5.3％ (9/171) more than 1,000 cases.Multidisciplinary collaboration was not established in most hospitals (71.9％,123/171) for geriatric hip fractures.Pulmonary function test (61.4％,105/171),Holter (38.0％,65/171) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (53.8％,92/171) were indicated as routine preoperative investigations.In 56.3 ％ (96 / 171) of the hospitals,traction was performed before operation.In 80.1％ (137 / 171) of the hospitals,the interval between admission to surgery was more than 48h for the patients.In 36.3％ (62/171)of the hospitals,patients were allowed to ambulate within one week after surgery.In 4.1％ (7/171) of the hospitals,patients were allowed full weight-bearing within one week after surgery.Conclusion Significant gaps exist in perioperative management of geriatric hip fractures between current practice in China and worldwide guidelines and consensus.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the development of related TCM evidence-based researches in China.METHODS:The literatures titled"Meta-analysis"and those with Chinese Library Classification Number of"R2(Chinese Medicine)"were searched from CJFD by computer. The retrieval time limit ranged from database establishment to Dec. 2017. Bibliometrics analysis was performed in respects of year of publication,source journals,publishers,authors,co-authors,funding and research content. RESULTS:A total of 1 540 papers from 321 journals were included,and the first paper was published in 1997;the first author came from 494 institutions which mainly distributed within the mainland institations of China. Guangzhou University of TCM had the largest number of publications. According to Price's law,there were 25 core authors who published 157 literature in total;the co-authoring rate was 95.1% and the collaborating degree was 4.00. 32.3% of the papers were obtained by the fund support, involving 236 literatured founded by National Science Foundation of China. There were 5 types of papers,including 1 512 applied research papers,14 quality evaluation papers,6 methodological studies;there were 17 categories of diseases involved in applied research. CONCLUSIONS:Meta-analysis of TCM research in China has developed rapidly,but related theoretical research is relatively lack. It is necessary to further strengthen the methodology research so as to promote the development of evidence-based research of TCM.

Objective To understand the clinical significance and diagnosis value of serum interleukin-6(IL-6) levels in the patients with respiratory infection and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods The serum levels of IL-6 in 61 patients with NSCLC,and 36 patients with respiratory infection and 30 of the healthy was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The data showed that mean serum IL-6 levels in patients with NSCLC was higher than in the healthy( P 0 05).Conclusion We consider that increased IL-6 level could be used as one of differential diagnostic marker of NSCLC;Serum IL-6 levels may be a reference of judging each stage of NSCLC and predicting prognosis.